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| Pix credit here ("To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is presently the greates dream of the Chinese nation" |
As is traditional in the aftermath of a National Party Congress, it is necessary to distill and to project outward, a common understanding of the key elements of the Basic Line of the Communist Party of China. That is, in part, the role of well distributed essays like 以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴 ——对党的二十大报告中“中国式现代化”的学习体会 [Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese-style modernization ——The learning experience of "Chinese-style modernization" in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China] (27 October 2022).
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First, the official distillation gives some sense of the prioritization of the multiple elements of the Basic Line elaborated in the 20th Congress Work Report. In this case it has foregrounded socialist modernization. Distillation is esse4ntial for guidance not just of mass opinion, but especially for officials who must somehow digest the Work Report and internalize the details of the new CPC Basic Line as a predicate for policy elaboration and the exercise of administrative discretion.
Second, it suggests the official language of the provisions and objectives to be foregrounded. It is, in this sense the production of an official language and an official vocabulary that can then be used as a proxy for the entire objective cluster. In this case around the concept of socialist modernization now clothed in the vocabulary of national rejuvenation.
Third, it then produces a set of quite premises around the construction of the language of national rejuvenation as the expression of socialist modernization in the current era. This distinguishes it from its manifestation as a key element of the era of historical development now officially deemed historical--specifically the era of Reform and Opening Up.
Fourth, it affixes to this language , its vocabulary and premises, a specific set of meanings that reflect the new era, and that converts the words into vessels of ideological impact beyond their customary meaning. By managing meaning and capturing ideology within it the effort reinforces both movement, a policy friendly description of administrative responsibility, and the leading role of the CPC in the construction and shepherding of all of this.
Fifth, the development of the vocabulary of national rejuvenation as the current manifestation of a now generalized premise of socialist modernization emphasizes the critical transformation in the ordering of functional and expressive hierarchy within the CPC. The leading role of the Communist Youth League and its technocratic/pragmatic approach to socialist modernization that characterized the era of Reform and Opening Up has been superseded by the political wing. Technocracy and pragmatism is now to be bent to the needs of ideology overseen by uts leading forces within the CPC, rather than, as had been the custom through 2015, the other way around.
Sixth, the language and trajectories of this area now projects both outward and inward simultaneously in slightly different ways. At the core of the internally applied socialist modernization/national rejuvenation for the new ear is a further elaboration of the core notion of development. Development has now been re-framed as a comprehensive project: political. economic, social, and cultural. These threads are all necessary to produce the integrated rejuvenation. At the same time national rejuvenation is a project that is available to all developing states, and perhaps best guided by the state taking a leading role in its development. The Chinese international project of " building a community with a shared future for mankind" then follows from and is intimated linked to socialist modernization as national rejuvenation--as a political, economic, social, and cultural project.
Each f threse points are nicely developed in the essay which follows in its original Chinese and in a crude English translation.
Promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese-style modernization ——The learning experience of "Chinese-style modernization" in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China
October 27, 2022 15:22 Source: China Social Science Network
Keywords: Chinese-style modernization; Marxism
October 27, 2022 15:22 Source: China Social Science Network
Keywords: Chinese-style modernization; Marxism
As one of the highlights of the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Chinese-style modernization is obtained after the CPC united and led the people of all ethnic groups in the country in a century-long practice. Chinese characteristics. As a new international think tank, the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies of Renmin University of China interprets and interprets Chinese-style modernization from different perspectives.
Chinese-style modernization is first and foremost the modernization of the people, and the supremacy of the people is an important magic weapon for realizing the goal of the second century of struggle.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stated that from now on, the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in the country to build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way, achieve the goal of the second century of struggle, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. So what is Chinese-style modernization? The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China innovatively expounded the connotation and extension of Chinese-style modernization, and revealed the essence of Chinese-style modernization. Only by accurately grasping Chinese-style modernization can we complete the mission and tasks of the Communist Party of China in the new era and new journey.
Chinese-style modernization is a socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China. It has both the common characteristics of modernization of all countries and Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions. Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population, a modernization in which all the people are prosperous, a modernization in which material civilization and spiritual civilization are in harmony, a modernization in which man and nature coexist in harmony, and a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development. The essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization are: adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China, adhere to socialism with Chinese characteristics, achieve high-quality development, develop people's democracy in the whole process, enrich the spiritual world of the people, achieve common prosperity for all people, promote harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and promote the construction of A community with a shared future for mankind, creating a new form of human civilization.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward six "must adhere to", which is not only a summary of the successful experience of the first century, but also an important magic weapon for achieving new success in the goal of the second century. Among them, the first point is to insist on the supremacy of the people, and the people's nature is also the most basic attribute of Marxism. The party's theory comes from the people, for the people, and for the benefit of the people. The creative practice of the people is an inexhaustible source of theoretical innovation. All theories that are divorced from the people are useless, and all theories that do not benefit the people are lifeless.
People first was one of the most frequently mentioned words in the report. The practice of the idea of the supremacy of the people needs to rely on institutional guarantees. Adhering to the supremacy of the people is not only at the level of material civilization, but also at the level of spiritual civilization; it is not only reflected in the economic aspect, but also in the political aspect. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China contains 15 major points, of which the sixth major point clearly states that "developing people's democracy in the whole process and ensuring that the people are the masters of the country", and emphasizes that "the system of people's mastery of the country must be strengthened." Not only that, but for a long period of time in the future, the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in the country to build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way, to achieve the goal of the second century of struggle, and to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way with Chinese-style modernization. In addition, the essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization, such as developing people's democracy in the whole process, enriching the people's spiritual world, realizing common prosperity for all people, and promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature, are also based on the people.
The historical view and development view of Chinese-style modernization are based on the Marxism of Chinese modernization.
"Modernization" is a formulation based on the concept of development history, which is different from the cyclical history concept of the ancients. Modernization liberates human beings from the shackles of cyclical historical destiny, and becomes a free and purposeful creator, a subject that dominates their own destiny. The Chinese-style modernization proposed in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China actually pointed out our current and future goals, and also pointed out what kind of modern society our country will build. In the project of building a modern Chinese society, Chinese-style modernization has two most fundamental essential requirements, namely, upholding the leadership of the Communist Party of China and upholding socialism with Chinese characteristics.
The theoretical basis of Chinese-style modernization is the Marxism of the Chinese era. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out the key points of the party's century-long struggle. From the summary of achievements in the past ten years, there are "three major events" that are impressive: first, ushering in the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China; second, society with Chinese characteristics The third is to complete the historical task of poverty alleviation and building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and realize the goal of the first century of struggle. For the historical task of fighting poverty, which is a common historical task faced by mankind, China's historic achievements in poverty alleviation have undoubtedly promoted the development of human poverty reduction, and provided the world with Chinese solutions, Chinese experience, Chinese wisdom and Chinese strength. This is a historic victory won by the united efforts of the party and the people. It is also a victory for the world and has a profound impact on the world. The achievement of these historical achievements is, in the final analysis, a Marxist act, a Marxist act of the Chinese era. In the new era, we still hold high the great banner of Marxism, grasp the world outlook and methodology of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, make theoretical innovations, and adhere to problem-oriented and systematic concepts.
From the perspective of guiding theory: the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposes the Sinicization of Marxism, and the reports of the 18th and 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China propose the Sinicization of Marxism and the Sinicization of Marxism. popularize. From a specific point of view: the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clarified a historical mission, which is to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, which is relatively abstract. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made it clear that "the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in the country to build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way, achieve the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization." In addition, the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clarified that high-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. There is also a formulation that was written into the report for the first time, "development is the first priority for the party to govern and rejuvenate the country". This is not entirely a new formulation. The original formulation included development as the last word and development as the center. The formulation is a response to some doubts and doubts in the society. In addition, compared with the "socialist modernization" proposed in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized "Chinese-style modernization" in the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In the past five years, the Communist Party of China has found that my country's national conditions are more complex and more severe than socialist modernization. The process of realizing Chinese-style modernization is also a process of achieving various goals and solving various problems, such as common prosperity, rural revitalization, Poverty alleviation, carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, etc. The elaboration of the central task of the Communist Party of China in the report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China also shows that the realization of Chinese-style modernization is the next important work of our party.
High-quality development is the essential requirement of Chinese-style modernization and the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stated that high-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. It is necessary to completely, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, adhere to the direction of socialist market economic reform, adhere to high-level opening to the outside world, and accelerate the construction of a new development pattern with the domestic cycle as the main body and the domestic and international dual cycles mutually reinforcing. This idea is put forward on the basis of comprehensively understanding the international and domestic situation and grasping the new development stage. At present, China's overall development trend is good, but it faces multiple contradictions and risks.
From an international perspective, the world is facing unprecedented changes, and ensuring security is a realistic choice for China. For example, improving the security level of the supply chain and industrial chain; consolidating the foundation of food security in an all-round way to ensure that the Chinese people's jobs are firmly in their own hands; ensuring the security of energy resources; and so on. The current international situation is becoming increasingly unstable and uncertain. The COVID-19 epidemic and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict have had extensive and far-reaching impacts. With the rise of protectionism and populism, globalization has encountered adverse currents, posing a threat to world peace and development. . From a domestic perspective, China's development has both advantages and challenges. In addition to the long-term positive economic fundamentals, China still faces the problem of uneven development. At present, the main contradiction in China's economic development lies in the country, and the primary task is to properly handle various contradictions in domestic economic development, including urban-rural integration and coordinated regional development. Standing at a new historical node, we must pay attention to the endogenous nature of China's economy and coordinate the reforms on the demand side and the supply side. On the supply side, abandon the previous development model of "exchanging market for technology" and "exchanging resources for growth"; on the demand side, from relying more on the external market and export orientation to relying more on the large domestic market and expanding domestic demand, enhancing the reliability of economic development and stability. In addition, the reform on the demand side cannot deviate from the direction of common prosperity.
Common prosperity is a prominent manifestation of the difference between Chinese-style modernization and the traditional capital-centered modernization model in the West.
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that Chinese-style modernization is a modernization with a huge population and a modernization in which all the people are prosperous. To achieve common prosperity, on the one hand, we must improve the distribution system, increase the income of low-income people, expand the middle-income group, standardize the order of income distribution, and standardize the wealth accumulation mechanism; on the other hand, we must improve the social security system and give full play to the government's guidance in secondary distribution. regulating effect. It can be said that common prosperity is a prominent manifestation of Chinese-style modernization, which is different from the traditional capital-centered modernization model in the West. Western modernization has led to the tearing and differentiation of society, while Chinese-style modernization insists on common prosperity and insists that the fruits of development benefit from development. all the people. In the next five years, China will still be in a period of important strategic opportunities. It will promote the domestic and international dual cycle with a new development pattern. On the basis of adapting to China's new development stage, shaping international cooperation and competitive advantages will be crucial to realizing the second centenary goal. of.
Respecting nature, conforming to nature, and protecting nature are the inherent requirements of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to promote green development and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, and put forward a new discussion on the goal of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, saying that it is necessary to "actively and steadily promote carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, based on my country's energy resources. Endowment, insist on establishing first and then breaking, plan to implement the carbon peaking action step by step, further promote the energy revolution, strengthen the clean and efficient use of coal, accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system, and actively participate in the global governance of climate change.” From a domestic point of view, greening is a key link to achieve high-quality development, and green price policies may be actively deployed in the future. The "Two Mountains" theory has been formed for many years. The idea of ecological civilization will continue to be innovated and developed in the future. The pace of ecological civilization construction will continue to accelerate and enter a high level, a deep level and a new level, and will continue to move towards a high level of ecological environment friendliness and inclusiveness. The development of quality economy will realize the transformation of lucid waters and lush mountains into invaluable assets. In the past ten years, my country's ecological civilization system has become more and more sound, and ecological and environmental protection has undergone historic, turning and overall changes. , green consumption and other fields have achieved outstanding progress, and gradually established a green, low-carbon, circular, sustainable production and lifestyle, and won recognition at home and abroad. From an international perspective, actively participating in global climate governance and promoting the smooth progress of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda are also the core tracks for enhancing international influence in the future.
Adhere to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of my country's modernization construction, and strengthen the support of talents in modernization construction
In the first two decades of the 21st century, China enjoyed the demographic dividend and the opening dividend brought about by its accession to the WTO. After entering a new stage of development, innovation has become the most important driving force for development. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China raised the status of innovation to a new height, and clearly pointed out that "adhering to the core position of innovation in the overall situation of my country's modernization construction" and "innovation is the primary driving force".
China's R&D investment may usher in a further rise, and the government may play a more important role. The report clearly states that "improve the new national system, strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength", "gather strength to carry out original and leading scientific and technological research, and resolutely win the battle of key core technologies". An important implementation of these statements is the continuous increase in research and development investment. . Adhere to the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and strengthening the country through talents. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China emphasized that we must adhere to the principle that science and technology are the primary productive force, talents are the primary resource, and innovation is the primary driving force. , and constantly shape the development of new kinetic energy and new advantages. At present, Beijing, Shanghai, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area have launched pilot projects for the construction of high-level talent highlands, and some central cities have also begun to build a "3+N" spatial strategic layout of talent platforms.
From the perspective of development, the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China especially emphasized on the youth issue that "contemporary Chinese youth are at the right time", and proposed that "the whole party should focus on youth work as a strategic work, and use the party's scientific theory to arm the youth. Inspire young people with the original mission of the party, be a confidant of young friends, enthusiasts of youth work, and guides of young people." Chinese-style modernization inspires young people to work hard, and building socialist modernization is an exciting centenary goal, so that young people have goals, goals, and motivation.
Seek self-development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better maintain world peace and development through self-development
The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China once again made it clear that "China will never seek hegemony and never engage in expansion", which is actually in the same vein as "China will never be a superpower" proposed by Comrade Deng Xiaoping at the United Nations General Assembly in 1974. At the same time, the report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that "creating a new form of human civilization" is one of the essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization. In terms of peaceful development, it is proposed to adhere to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence to develop friendly cooperation with other countries, and to deepen and expand the global partnership of equality, openness and cooperation. This is different from the path of expansionism and colonialism in the West, which builds its own modernization on the poverty and backwardness of other countries. Chinese-style modernization aims to promote global common development and promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
In addition, the Belt and Road Initiative is a concrete practice of building a community with a shared future for mankind. Over the past nine years, the joint construction of the "Belt and Road" has become a popular international public product and international cooperation platform. Focusing closely on the economic development demands of the people of the countries along the “Belt and Road”, promote the “hard connection” of infrastructure; steadily expand the institutional opening of rules, regulations, management, and standards, and promote the “soft connection” of the countries along the “Belt and Road” ; Taking the people of the countries along the "Belt and Road" as the starting point, to promote the "heart connection" in people's livelihood, humanities and other aspects. We will earnestly implement the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, help global poverty reduction, and promote the common development of mankind.
(The author is the top 20 research team of Chongyang Institute of Financial Studies, Renmin University of China: Liu Ying, Cai Tongjuan, Chen Zhiheng, Shen Yujing, Chen Fang, Liu Jintao, Zhao Yue, Ge Min, Xu Tianqi, Xu Lin, Fang Heyang)
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中国式现代化作为党的二十大报告的一大亮点，是中国共产党团结带领全国各族人民在长达百年的实践中不断总结后得到的，既具有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自身国情的中国特色。作为国际化新型智库，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院从不同角度对中国式现代化进行了阐释和解读。
中国式现代化首先是人民的现代化，人民至上是实现第二个百年奋斗目标的重要法宝
党的二十大报告提出，从现在起，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。那么什么是中国式现代化，党的二十大报告创新性地阐述了中国式现代化的内涵、外延，揭示了中国式现代化的本质。唯有准确把握中国式现代化方能完成好新时代新征程中国共产党的使命任务。
中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自己国情的中国特色。中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化，是全体人民共同富裕的现代化，是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化，是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，是走和平发展道路的现代化。中国式现代化的本质要求是：坚持中国共产党领导，坚持中国特色社会主义，实现高质量发展，发展全过程人民民主，丰富人民精神世界，实现全体人民共同富裕，促进人与自然和谐共生，推动构建人类命运共同体，创造人类文明新形态。
党的二十大报告总结提出了六个“必须坚持”，这不仅是对第一个百年成功经验的总结，更是第二个百年奋斗目标取得新的成功的重要法宝。其中，首要的一点就是必须坚持人民至上，而人民性也是马克思主义最基本的属性。党的理论来自人民，为了人民，造福人民。人民的创造性实践是理论创新的不竭源泉，一切脱离人民的理论都是苍白无力的，一切不为人民造福的理论都是没有生命力的。
人民至上是报告中提及次数最多的词汇之一。实践人民至上理念需要依靠制度保障。坚持人民至上，不仅在于物质文明层面，还在于精神文明层面；不仅反映在经济方面，还反映在政治方面。党的二十大报告包含十五大点，其中第六大点就明确提出“发展全过程人民民主，保障人民当家作主”，并强调“要加强人民当家作主制度保障”。不仅如此，在未来很长一段历史时期内，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。另外，中国式现代化的本质要求中提出的发展全过程人民民主，丰富人民精神世界，实现全体人民共同富裕，促进人与自然和谐共生等，也都是围绕人民来讲的。
中国式现代化的历史观和发展观，理论基础是中国化时代化的马克思主义
“现代化”是基于发展历史观的一种提法，与古人的循环历史观不同。现代化将人类从循环历史宿命的束缚中解放出来，成为自由的、有目的的创造者，成为主宰自己命运的主体。党的二十大报告提出的中国式现代化，其实就是指明了我们当下以及未来一段时间的奋斗目标，也指明了我国要建成怎样的现代社会。在建设现代中国社会的工程中，中国式现代化有两点最根本的本质要求，即坚持中国共产党领导、坚持中国特色社会主义。
中国式现代化的理论基础是中国化时代化的马克思主义。党的二十大报告指出了建党百年奋斗历程的重点，从近十年成就总结来看有“三件大事”令人印象深刻：一是迎来中国共产党成立一百周年，二是中国特色社会主义进入新时代，三是完成脱贫攻坚、全面建成小康社会的历史任务，实现第一个百年奋斗目标。对于反贫困这一人类共同面临的历史任务，中国脱贫攻坚取得的历史性成就无疑推动了人类减贫事业的发展，为世界提供了中国方案、中国经验、中国智慧和中国力量。这是党和人民团结奋斗赢得的历史性胜利，也是世界的胜利，对于全球有深刻影响。而这些历史成就的取得，归根到底是马克思主义行，是中国化时代化的马克思主义行。新时代仍然高举马克思主义伟大旗帜，把握好习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论，并且做好理论创新，坚持问题导向和系统观念。
从指导理论层面来看：党的二十大报告提出的是中国化时代化的马克思主义，党的十八大、十九大报告中提出的是马克思主义中国化时代化和马克思主义中国化时代化大众化。从具体的方面来看：党的十九大报告明确了一个历史使命，就是实现中华民族伟大复兴，这是相对比较抽象的。党的二十大报告明确了“中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”。另外，党的二十大报告明确了高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。还有一个首次写进报告的提法，“发展是党执政兴国的第一要务”，这不完全是新的提法，原来的提法有发展是硬道理、以发展为中心等，此次提法正是对社会上一些质疑和疑惑的回应。另外，相较于党的十九大报告提出的“社会主义现代化”，党的二十大报告中习近平总书记着重提及了“中国式现代化”。在这五年间，中国共产党发现，我国的国情较社会主义现代化来说更加复杂且更加严峻，实现中国式现代化的过程也是实现各个目标、解决各类问题的过程，比如说共同富裕、乡村振兴、脱贫攻坚、碳达峰、碳中和等。党的二十大报告中对中国共产党中心任务的阐述也表明，实现中国式现代化是接下来的我党的重要工作。
高质量发展是中国式现代化的本质要求，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务
党的二十大报告提出，高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。必须完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，坚持高水平对外开放，加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。该思路是在全面认识国际国内形势、把握新发展阶段的基础上提出的。当前中国整体发展态势良好但面临多重矛盾风险。
从国际角度来看，世界正面临前所未有的大变局，保障安全是中国的现实选择。比如提升供应链产业链安全水平；全方位夯实粮食安全根基，确保中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中；确保能源资源安全；等等。当前国际形势的不稳定性和不确定性明显提升，新冠肺炎疫情、俄乌冲突的影响广泛而深远，在保护主义、民粹主义抬头的情况下，全球化遭遇逆流，对世界和平与发展构成威胁。从国内角度来看，中国的发展同时具有优势和挑战，在长期向好的经济基本面之外，仍面临发展不均衡的问题。目前中国经济发展的主要矛盾在国内，首要任务是处理好国内经济发展的各项矛盾，包括城乡融合、区域协调发展等。站在新的历史节点，我们必须重视中国经济的内生性，统筹协调需求侧与供给侧的改革。在供给侧，摒弃以往“以市场换技术”“以资源换增长”的发展模式；在需求侧，从更加依靠外部市场和出口导向转向更加依靠国内大市场和扩大内需，增强经济发展的可靠性和稳定性。另外，需求侧的改革不能偏离共同富裕的方向。
共同富裕是中国式现代化区别于西方以资本为中心的传统现代化模式的突出体现
党的二十大报告中提出，中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化，是全体人民共同富裕的现代化。实现共同富裕，一方面要完善分配制度，增加低收入者收入，扩大中等收入群体，规范收入分配秩序，规范财富积累机制；另一方面要健全社会保障体系，发挥政府在二次分配中的引导调节作用。可以说，共同富裕是中国式现代化区别于西方以资本为中心的传统现代化模式的突出体现，西方的现代化导致了社会的撕裂与分化，中国式的现代化则坚持共同富裕，坚持发展的成果惠及全体人民。未来五年中国仍处于重要战略机遇期，以新发展格局推进国内国际双循环，在适应中国新发展阶段的基础上，塑造国际合作和竞争优势，对实现第二个百年奋斗目标是至关重要的。
尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的内在要求
党的二十大报告提出，推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生，并且关于碳达峰碳中和目标提出了新论述，表示要“积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和，立足我国能源资源禀赋，坚持先立后破，有计划分步骤实施碳达峰行动，深入推进能源革命，加强煤炭清洁高效利用，加快规划建设新型能源体系，积极参与应对气候变化全球治理”。从国内来看，绿色化是实现高质量发展的关键环节，未来可能会积极布局绿色价格政策。“两山”理论的形成已有多年，生态文明思想在今后将继续得到创新和发展，生态文明建设步伐会不断加快并进入高水平、深层次、新台阶，不断迈向生态环境友好包容的高质量经济发展，实现让绿水青山转变为金山银山。近十年以来，我国的生态文明的制度体系越来越健全，生态环境保护发生了历史性、转折性、全局性的变化，我国不仅污染防治攻坚取得了阶段性的重要成就，更在绿色产业、绿色消费等领域实现了突出进步，逐渐建立起了绿色、低碳、循环、可持续的生产生活方式，并获得了国内外的肯定。从国际来看，积极参与全球气候治理、推动联合国可持续发展议程的顺利进行，也是未来提升国际影响力的核心赛道。
坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位，强化现代化建设人才支撑
21世纪以来的前两个十年，中国分别享受了人口红利与入世带来的开放红利，在进入新发展阶段后，创新成为最重要的发展动力。党的二十大报告将创新的地位提到新高度，明确指出“坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位”和“创新是第一动力”。
中国的研发投入或迎来进一步的上升，政府或将扮演更加重要的角色。报告中明确提出“健全新型举国体制，强化国家战略科技力量”、“集聚力量进行原创性引领性科技攻关，坚决打赢关键核心技术攻坚战”，这些表述的一个重要的落实就是研发投入的不断上升。坚持科教兴国和人才强国战略。党的二十大报告强调，必须坚持科技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，开辟发展新领域新赛道，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。目前，北京、上海、粤港澳大湾区已启动高水平人才高地建设试点，一些中心城市也开始建设人才平台的“3+N”空间战略布局。
从发展来看，党的二十大报告特别在青年问题上强调“当代中国青年生逢其时”，提出“全党要把青年工作作为战略性工作来抓，用党的科学理论武装青年，用党的初心使命感召青年，做青年朋友的知心人、青年工作的热心人、青年群众的引路人”。中国式现代化激励青年奋发有为，建设社会主义现代化是一个振奋人心的百年目标，让青年人有目标、有奔头、有干劲。
在坚定维护世界和平与发展中谋求自身发展，以自身发展更好维护世界和平与发展
党的二十大报告再次明确“中国永远不称霸、永远不搞扩张”，这实际上与邓小平同志在1974年联合国大会上提出的“中国永远不做超级大国”是一脉相承的。同时，党的二十大报告提出“创造人类文明新形态”是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。在和平发展方面，提出坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上同各国发展友好合作，深化拓展平等、开放、合作的全球伙伴关系。这同西方走扩张主义和殖民主义道路，将自身的现代化建立在他国的贫穷落后上不同，中国式现代化是以促进全球共同发展为目标，推动构建人类命运共同体。
此外，“一带一路”倡议是构建人类命运共同体的具体实践。九年来，共建“一带一路”成为深受欢迎的国际公共产品和国际合作平台。紧紧围绕“一带一路”沿线国家人民最关心的经济发展诉求，推动基础设施“硬联通”；稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放，推动“一带一路”沿线国家“软联通”；以“一带一路”沿线国家人民为出发点，推动民生、人文等方面的“心联通”。切实践行人类命运共同体理念，助力全球减贫事业，推动人类共同发展。
（作者系中国人民大学重阳金融研究院二十大研究团队：刘英、蔡彤娟、陈治衡、申宇婧、陈放、刘锦涛、赵越、葛敏、徐天启、许林、方菏阳）
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中国式现代化作为党的二十大报告的一大亮点，是中国共产党团结带领全国各族人民在长达百年的实践中不断总结后得到的，既具有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自身国情的中国特色。作为国际化新型智库，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院从不同角度对中国式现代化进行了阐释和解读。
中国式现代化首先是人民的现代化，人民至上是实现第二个百年奋斗目标的重要法宝
党的二十大报告提出，从现在起，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。那么什么是中国式现代化，党的二十大报告创新性地阐述了中国式现代化的内涵、外延，揭示了中国式现代化的本质。唯有准确把握中国式现代化方能完成好新时代新征程中国共产党的使命任务。
中国式现代化，是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，既有各国现代化的共同特征，更有基于自己国情的中国特色。中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化，是全体人民共同富裕的现代化，是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化，是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，是走和平发展道路的现代化。中国式现代化的本质要求是：坚持中国共产党领导，坚持中国特色社会主义，实现高质量发展，发展全过程人民民主，丰富人民精神世界，实现全体人民共同富裕，促进人与自然和谐共生，推动构建人类命运共同体，创造人类文明新形态。
党的二十大报告总结提出了六个“必须坚持”，这不仅是对第一个百年成功经验的总结，更是第二个百年奋斗目标取得新的成功的重要法宝。其中，首要的一点就是必须坚持人民至上，而人民性也是马克思主义最基本的属性。党的理论来自人民，为了人民，造福人民。人民的创造性实践是理论创新的不竭源泉，一切脱离人民的理论都是苍白无力的，一切不为人民造福的理论都是没有生命力的。
人民至上是报告中提及次数最多的词汇之一。实践人民至上理念需要依靠制度保障。坚持人民至上，不仅在于物质文明层面，还在于精神文明层面；不仅反映在经济方面，还反映在政治方面。党的二十大报告包含十五大点，其中第六大点就明确提出“发展全过程人民民主，保障人民当家作主”，并强调“要加强人民当家作主制度保障”。不仅如此，在未来很长一段历史时期内，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。另外，中国式现代化的本质要求中提出的发展全过程人民民主，丰富人民精神世界，实现全体人民共同富裕，促进人与自然和谐共生等，也都是围绕人民来讲的。
中国式现代化的历史观和发展观，理论基础是中国化时代化的马克思主义
“现代化”是基于发展历史观的一种提法，与古人的循环历史观不同。现代化将人类从循环历史宿命的束缚中解放出来，成为自由的、有目的的创造者，成为主宰自己命运的主体。党的二十大报告提出的中国式现代化，其实就是指明了我们当下以及未来一段时间的奋斗目标，也指明了我国要建成怎样的现代社会。在建设现代中国社会的工程中，中国式现代化有两点最根本的本质要求，即坚持中国共产党领导、坚持中国特色社会主义。
中国式现代化的理论基础是中国化时代化的马克思主义。党的二十大报告指出了建党百年奋斗历程的重点，从近十年成就总结来看有“三件大事”令人印象深刻：一是迎来中国共产党成立一百周年，二是中国特色社会主义进入新时代，三是完成脱贫攻坚、全面建成小康社会的历史任务，实现第一个百年奋斗目标。对于反贫困这一人类共同面临的历史任务，中国脱贫攻坚取得的历史性成就无疑推动了人类减贫事业的发展，为世界提供了中国方案、中国经验、中国智慧和中国力量。这是党和人民团结奋斗赢得的历史性胜利，也是世界的胜利，对于全球有深刻影响。而这些历史成就的取得，归根到底是马克思主义行，是中国化时代化的马克思主义行。新时代仍然高举马克思主义伟大旗帜，把握好习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的世界观和方法论，并且做好理论创新，坚持问题导向和系统观念。
从指导理论层面来看：党的二十大报告提出的是中国化时代化的马克思主义，党的十八大、十九大报告中提出的是马克思主义中国化时代化和马克思主义中国化时代化大众化。从具体的方面来看：党的十九大报告明确了一个历史使命，就是实现中华民族伟大复兴，这是相对比较抽象的。党的二十大报告明确了“中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴”。另外，党的二十大报告明确了高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。还有一个首次写进报告的提法，“发展是党执政兴国的第一要务”，这不完全是新的提法，原来的提法有发展是硬道理、以发展为中心等，此次提法正是对社会上一些质疑和疑惑的回应。另外，相较于党的十九大报告提出的“社会主义现代化”，党的二十大报告中习近平总书记着重提及了“中国式现代化”。在这五年间，中国共产党发现，我国的国情较社会主义现代化来说更加复杂且更加严峻，实现中国式现代化的过程也是实现各个目标、解决各类问题的过程，比如说共同富裕、乡村振兴、脱贫攻坚、碳达峰、碳中和等。党的二十大报告中对中国共产党中心任务的阐述也表明，实现中国式现代化是接下来的我党的重要工作。
高质量发展是中国式现代化的本质要求，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务
党的二十大报告提出，高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务。必须完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，坚持社会主义市场经济改革方向，坚持高水平对外开放，加快构建以国内大循环为主体、国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局。该思路是在全面认识国际国内形势、把握新发展阶段的基础上提出的。当前中国整体发展态势良好但面临多重矛盾风险。
从国际角度来看，世界正面临前所未有的大变局，保障安全是中国的现实选择。比如提升供应链产业链安全水平；全方位夯实粮食安全根基，确保中国人的饭碗牢牢端在自己手中；确保能源资源安全；等等。当前国际形势的不稳定性和不确定性明显提升，新冠肺炎疫情、俄乌冲突的影响广泛而深远，在保护主义、民粹主义抬头的情况下，全球化遭遇逆流，对世界和平与发展构成威胁。从国内角度来看，中国的发展同时具有优势和挑战，在长期向好的经济基本面之外，仍面临发展不均衡的问题。目前中国经济发展的主要矛盾在国内，首要任务是处理好国内经济发展的各项矛盾，包括城乡融合、区域协调发展等。站在新的历史节点，我们必须重视中国经济的内生性，统筹协调需求侧与供给侧的改革。在供给侧，摒弃以往“以市场换技术”“以资源换增长”的发展模式；在需求侧，从更加依靠外部市场和出口导向转向更加依靠国内大市场和扩大内需，增强经济发展的可靠性和稳定性。另外，需求侧的改革不能偏离共同富裕的方向。
共同富裕是中国式现代化区别于西方以资本为中心的传统现代化模式的突出体现
党的二十大报告中提出，中国式现代化是人口规模巨大的现代化，是全体人民共同富裕的现代化。实现共同富裕，一方面要完善分配制度，增加低收入者收入，扩大中等收入群体，规范收入分配秩序，规范财富积累机制；另一方面要健全社会保障体系，发挥政府在二次分配中的引导调节作用。可以说，共同富裕是中国式现代化区别于西方以资本为中心的传统现代化模式的突出体现，西方的现代化导致了社会的撕裂与分化，中国式的现代化则坚持共同富裕，坚持发展的成果惠及全体人民。未来五年中国仍处于重要战略机遇期，以新发展格局推进国内国际双循环，在适应中国新发展阶段的基础上，塑造国际合作和竞争优势，对实现第二个百年奋斗目标是至关重要的。
尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的内在要求
党的二十大报告提出，推动绿色发展，促进人与自然和谐共生，并且关于碳达峰碳中和目标提出了新论述，表示要“积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和，立足我国能源资源禀赋，坚持先立后破，有计划分步骤实施碳达峰行动，深入推进能源革命，加强煤炭清洁高效利用，加快规划建设新型能源体系，积极参与应对气候变化全球治理”。从国内来看，绿色化是实现高质量发展的关键环节，未来可能会积极布局绿色价格政策。“两山”理论的形成已有多年，生态文明思想在今后将继续得到创新和发展，生态文明建设步伐会不断加快并进入高水平、深层次、新台阶，不断迈向生态环境友好包容的高质量经济发展，实现让绿水青山转变为金山银山。近十年以来，我国的生态文明的制度体系越来越健全，生态环境保护发生了历史性、转折性、全局性的变化，我国不仅污染防治攻坚取得了阶段性的重要成就，更在绿色产业、绿色消费等领域实现了突出进步，逐渐建立起了绿色、低碳、循环、可持续的生产生活方式，并获得了国内外的肯定。从国际来看，积极参与全球气候治理、推动联合国可持续发展议程的顺利进行，也是未来提升国际影响力的核心赛道。
坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位，强化现代化建设人才支撑
21世纪以来的前两个十年，中国分别享受了人口红利与入世带来的开放红利，在进入新发展阶段后，创新成为最重要的发展动力。党的二十大报告将创新的地位提到新高度，明确指出“坚持创新在我国现代化建设全局中的核心地位”和“创新是第一动力”。
中国的研发投入或迎来进一步的上升，政府或将扮演更加重要的角色。报告中明确提出“健全新型举国体制，强化国家战略科技力量”、“集聚力量进行原创性引领性科技攻关，坚决打赢关键核心技术攻坚战”，这些表述的一个重要的落实就是研发投入的不断上升。坚持科教兴国和人才强国战略。党的二十大报告强调，必须坚持科技是第一生产力、人才是第一资源、创新是第一动力，深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，开辟发展新领域新赛道，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。目前，北京、上海、粤港澳大湾区已启动高水平人才高地建设试点，一些中心城市也开始建设人才平台的“3+N”空间战略布局。
从发展来看，党的二十大报告特别在青年问题上强调“当代中国青年生逢其时”，提出“全党要把青年工作作为战略性工作来抓，用党的科学理论武装青年，用党的初心使命感召青年，做青年朋友的知心人、青年工作的热心人、青年群众的引路人”。中国式现代化激励青年奋发有为，建设社会主义现代化是一个振奋人心的百年目标，让青年人有目标、有奔头、有干劲。
在坚定维护世界和平与发展中谋求自身发展，以自身发展更好维护世界和平与发展
党的二十大报告再次明确“中国永远不称霸、永远不搞扩张”，这实际上与邓小平同志在1974年联合国大会上提出的“中国永远不做超级大国”是一脉相承的。同时，党的二十大报告提出“创造人类文明新形态”是中国式现代化的本质要求之一。在和平发展方面，提出坚持在和平共处五项原则基础上同各国发展友好合作，深化拓展平等、开放、合作的全球伙伴关系。这同西方走扩张主义和殖民主义道路，将自身的现代化建立在他国的贫穷落后上不同，中国式现代化是以促进全球共同发展为目标，推动构建人类命运共同体。
此外，“一带一路”倡议是构建人类命运共同体的具体实践。九年来，共建“一带一路”成为深受欢迎的国际公共产品和国际合作平台。紧紧围绕“一带一路”沿线国家人民最关心的经济发展诉求，推动基础设施“硬联通”；稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放，推动“一带一路”沿线国家“软联通”；以“一带一路”沿线国家人民为出发点，推动民生、人文等方面的“心联通”。切实践行人类命运共同体理念，助力全球减贫事业，推动人类共同发展。
（作者系中国人民大学重阳金融研究院二十大研究团队：刘英、蔡彤娟、陈治衡、申宇婧、陈放、刘锦涛、赵越、葛敏、徐天启、许林、方菏阳）
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