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Glossing of authoritative text is an ancient and honored means of collective meaning making through the performance of authoritativeness within hierarchies of leadership. Glossing has been an important element in correctly understanding text within religious, political. social, and cultural communities. It has been essential, as well, in the development of a community of shared meaning within economic collectives--merchants, supply chains, and the like. In all of these exercises or performances the object is to develop a shared sense not just of the meaning of text, but of the intention that serves as a textual meaning foundation reflecting the overall guidance and leadership of those vested in a community with the authority to develop and manage meaning. In this sense, of course, text--word objects--serve as visual or aural representations of the premises, assumptions, and expectations of a community applied in quite specific context. Text, in this sense, serves as the specific application, in a temporally and physically particular context, of the entirety of the meaning fostering universe through which a community achieves solidarity. But it does more than that--the act of textual representation also reinforces the premises of coherence in the social relations that distinguish one community from another. And it is that contest iterative performance of the abstractions that constitute the glue of solidarity which both manifests the "solidity" of a community in physical space and enhances the abstract power of the premises on which "solidarity" is rationalized and guided.
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To gloss, and especially to gloss authoritatively, about text, is to breath life into objects (text) by weaving their signification (what they stand for), into the broader context of meaning (how this text is to be received as a set of orders for understanding, being, doing or not doing something) not as a personal but as a collective exercise. That, in turn, transforms the glossator, from an individual wrestling with an internalized search for meaning, to the embodiment of its collective search for guidance as text is transformed to action. And that transformation is itself a function of the social order in which it is undertaken. That, in turn is a function of the the extent to which the glossator may be entrusted (委托; sometimes in the sense of delegated), include: officially, formally or informally) with the task of shaping the common meaning, intent, direction and interpretive guard rails around a text that has been invested, in turn, with social authority. Trust, and trustworthiness, of course, have been at the center of the New Era's efforts manifested, for example in SOcial credit regimes and more generally in accountability systems and systemic quality control measures. But it has a political dimension as well--operating for example, at the core of the mass line and in the operation of the inter-dependencies of whole process people's democracy nad at the core of vanguard authority, including an authority grounded in its self-organization.
It is with that in mind that one might usefully approach the study of 习近平：关于《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》的说明 [Xi Jinping: Explanation on the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization"]. In it Xi Jinping "will explain to the plenary session the relevant situation of the
drafting of the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further
Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style
Modernization"[我就《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》起草的有关情况向全会作说明。 ].
This text serves as the 3rd of three critical texts around which the collective meaning making injected into the term--socialist modernization in the New Era--has been crafted for its embodiment in the social order. The other two include:
The three, of course, ought to be read together in the style of self-referencing mimesis--they all reproduce each other but neither is exactly a mirror image of the other. The inter-textual dialog produces a necessary space within which appropriate guide by those entrusted (委托) to engage in the necessary task of making meaning, in part, by its translation into authoritative action--in this case the socialist modernization by 2035 plan.
The Xi Jinping gloss has three primary tasks: (1) to explain and situate (a better term) the considerations that went into determining the topics around which the 3rd Plenum was organized, aligning the topic with the critical challenge which the collective faces in its march toward its normative objectives (short term, bit always with the long term in view); (2) to explain the drafting process of the draft decision (resolution) and thus its authoritative legitimacy as a function of conformity to process and normative expectations; and (3) to explain basic framework and main content of the draft decision (to tie the decision on normative challenge to the elaboration of the "action plan" that is the Decision/Resolution of the 3rd Plenum and to guide its operationalization.
In each of these senses, Mr. Xi's gloss adds both detail and, perhaps more importantly for officials, emphasis. That emphasis, in turn, may help guide the development of orders of importance of items that are now included in the action plans around socialist modernization--with different effect at the national, provincial, and local levels--as well as in the Special Autonomous Regions. Thus, for example, Part 1's focus on the "four urgent needs" (迫切需要) will likely acquire a life of its own within the lexicon of New Era principles: (( 1）实现新时代新征程党的中心任务的迫切需要；（2） 推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的迫切需要；（3）更好适应我国社会主要矛盾变化的迫切需要；（4） 推动党和国家事业行稳致远的迫切需要 [(1) The urgent need to achieve the Party’s central task in the new era and new journey; (2) The urgent need to advance the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity; (3) The urgent need to better adapt to the changes in the main contradictions in our society; (4) The urgent need to promote the steady and long-term development of the cause of the Party and the country.].
There is also something in it for foreigners in 3(4): "improve the anti-sanction, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction" mechanism; improve the trade risk prevention and control mechanism, improve the foreign-related legal system and the rule of law implementation system, and deepen international cooperation in law enforcement and justice." For Europeans anxious to extend the reach of their human rights based supply chain due diligence legal systems, and for Americans expanding human rights based sanctions regions, there may be much of interest in the development of measures and countermeasures touching specifically on this topic but more generally on trade.
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Xi Jinping: Explanation on the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization"
July 21, 2024 16:43 Source: Xinhuanet
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 21
Explanation on the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization"
Xi Jinping
Comrades:
Entrusted by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, I will explain to the plenary session the relevant situation of the drafting of the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization".
1. Considerations on determining the topics of the plenary session
Planning and deploying reforms around the central tasks of the Party is a successful experience of the Party's leadership in reform and opening up. Based on practical experience and actual needs, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee would study the issue of further comprehensively deepening reforms and promoting Chinese-style modernization, mainly considering the following aspects.
First, there is an urgent need to unite people's hearts, gather strength, and realize the central tasks of the Party in the new era and new journey. Practice has fully proved that in the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, my country has made great strides to catch up with the times, relying on reform and opening up. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the historic achievements and historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country have also been achieved through reform and opening up. In the new era and on the new journey, we must still rely on reform and opening up to create a new situation in the construction of Chinese-style modernization. The 20th CPC National Congress established the central task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, achieving the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese-style modernization. It elaborated on the Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles of Chinese-style modernization, and made strategic arrangements for promoting Chinese-style modernization. To implement these strategic arrangements and turn the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality, it is fundamental to further deepen reform in an all-round way, continuously improve various systems and mechanisms, and provide institutional guarantees for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Second, there is an urgent need to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, we have highlighted the main line of institutional construction, and through comprehensively deepening reforms to improve various systems, we have promoted the socialist system with Chinese characteristics to become more mature and more established, and the level of modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved, providing a strong institutional guarantee for the comprehensive building of a well-off society. At the same time, we must clearly see that improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is a dynamic process, which will inevitably develop with the development of practice. Existing systems need to be continuously improved, and new fields and new practices need to promote institutional innovation and fill institutional gaps. In the face of new situations and tasks, we must further deepen reforms in an all-round way, continue to improve various institutional mechanisms, consolidate the foundation, promote advantages, make up for shortcomings, strengthen weaknesses, and continuously transform our country's institutional advantages into national governance effectiveness.
Third, there is an urgent need to promote high-quality development and better adapt to the changes in the main contradictions in our society. At present, the outstanding problems facing the promotion of high-quality development are still unbalanced and insufficient development. For example, the market system is still not sound, the market is not fully developed, the relationship between the government and the market has not been completely straightened out, the innovation capacity does not meet the requirements of high-quality development, the overall industrial system is large but not strong, comprehensive but not refined, the key core technologies are subject to people's situation has not fundamentally changed, the agricultural foundation is still unstable, the gap between urban and rural regional development and income distribution is still large, and there are still shortcomings in people's livelihood security and ecological environment protection, etc. In summary, these problems are a reflection of the changes in the main contradictions in society and are problems in development. We must further deepen reforms in an all-round way and promote solutions from the perspective of system and mechanism.
Fourth, there is an urgent need to respond to major risks and challenges and promote the steady and long-term development of the cause of the Party and the country. Promoting Chinese-style modernization is a brand-new cause, and various contradictions, risks and challenges will inevitably be encountered on the road ahead. In particular, the world is undergoing a major change that has not been seen in a century, with frequent local conflicts and turmoil, intensified global problems, and escalating external suppression and containment. my country's development has entered a period of coexistence of strategic opportunities and risks and challenges, and increasing uncertainties and unpredictable factors. Various "black swan" and "gray rhino" events may occur at any time. To effectively respond to these risks and challenges and win strategic initiative in the increasingly fierce international competition, we need to further deepen reforms in an all-round way, use a sound system to prevent and resolve risks, effectively respond to challenges, and cultivate new opportunities in crises and open up new situations in changes.
2. On the drafting process of the draft decision
In November 2023, the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to establish a document drafting group for the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, with me as the group leader, and Wang Huning, Cai Qi, and Ding Xuexiang as deputy group leaders, to undertake document drafting work under the leadership of the Standing Committee of the CPC Politburo Central Committee. On December 8, the document drafting group held its first plenary meeting, and the document drafting work was officially launched. In more than 7 months, the document drafting group conducted in-depth investigations and research, widely solicited opinions, carried out special discussions, and repeatedly discussed and revised.
In the process of drafting the draft decision [Translated usually as "draft Resolution"], we focused on the following points: First, summarize and apply the valuable experience of comprehensively deepening reform since the reform and opening up, especially in the new era, determine the principles to follow, and adhere to the correct political direction. Second, closely focus on promoting Chinese-style modernization and implementing the strategic deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Party to plan further comprehensive deepening of reform, and adhere to problem orientation. Third, focus on key points, highlight institutional and mechanism reforms, highlight strategic and overall major reforms, highlight the traction role of economic system reform, and highlight the leading role of reform. Fourth, adhere to the people first, plan and promote reforms based on the overall interests, fundamental interests, and long-term interests of the people. Fifth, strengthen system integration, strengthen the overall planning and system layout of reforms, so that all aspects of reform can cooperate with each other and work together efficiently.
In the drafting of the document of this plenary session, there was brainstorming and consultation guided by whole process peoples' democracy. On November 27, 2023, the Party Central Committee issued a notice to solicit opinions from all regions, departments, and some cadres and the masses on the topic of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Everyone agreed that the Party Central Committee decided that the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee would focus on further deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization, which demonstrated the strong determination and strong mission to carry out reform to the end. It is a re-declaration of what flag to hold and what road to take in the new era and new journey, and it has great and far-reaching significance for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. All regions, departments, and aspects put forward many valuable suggestions on the theme, framework, and important measures of the document, which provided important references for the drafting of the decision.
On May 7, 2024, the decision was issued to a certain range of the party for comments, solicited opinions from veteran comrades within the party, and specifically listened to the opinions of the leaders of the central committees of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-party personages, and listened to the opinions of relevant enterprises and experts and scholars. Judging from the feedback, everyone agreed that the draft decision closely revolves around the theme of promoting Chinese-style modernization, outlines strategic measures for further deepening reform in an all-round way, adheres to the correct political direction, and focuses on grasping the major institutional and mechanism issues that need to be solved in promoting Chinese-style modernization to plan reforms. It has a clear theme, prominent priorities, and pragmatic and feasible measures. It is a general mobilization and deployment to promote the comprehensive deepening of reforms in breadth and depth in the new era and new journey. It fully reflects the historical initiative of improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, and will surely provide strong impetus and institutional guarantees for Chinese-style modernization. At the same time, various parties put forward 1,911 opinions and suggestions for revisions. The drafting group carefully studied these opinions and suggestions, absorbed as much as possible, and made 221 revisions.
During the drafting process, the Standing Committee of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee held three meetings and an additional two meetings for deliberation and revision, and formed the draft decision submitted to this plenary session for deliberation.
3. On the basic framework and main content of the draft decision
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the draft decision has 15 parts, divided into three major sections. The first part is the first section, which is a general discussion, mainly expounding the great significance and overall requirements of further comprehensively deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The second to fourteenth parts are the second section, which are sub-discussions, mainly deploying reforms from the aspects of economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization, national security, national defense and the military. The fifteenth part is the third section, which mainly talks about strengthening the party's leadership over reform, deepening the reform of the party building system, party style and clean government construction and anti-corruption struggle. The content items are arranged in order throughout the text, with 60 items listed.
The draft decision anchors the goal of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035, focusing on deploying major reform measures for the next five years, and has the following characteristics in terms of content arrangement.
First, pay attention to the leading role of economic system reform. Deepening economic system reform is still the focus of further deepening reform in an all-round way. The main task is to improve the system and mechanism that is conducive to promoting high-quality development, create new momentum and new advantages for development, adhere to and implement the "two unshakable" principles, build a unified national market, and improve the basic system of the market economy.
The draft decision focuses on the core issue of handling the relationship between the government and the market, puts the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system in a prominent position, and makes arrangements for key areas and key links of economic system reform. Focusing on strengthening the core functions and improving the core competitiveness of state-owned enterprises, it proposes to strengthen the strategic coordination of relevant management departments, promote the optimization of the layout and structural adjustment of the state-owned economy, and promote the strengthening, optimization and expansion of state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises; focusing on promoting the development of the non-public economy, it proposes to formulate a law to promote private economy, strengthen property rights law enforcement and judicial protection, and prevent and correct the use of administrative and criminal means to intervene in economic disputes. It proposes to strengthen the rigid constraints of fair competition review, clean up and abolish various regulations and practices that hinder the national unified market and fair competition, and improve the system and rules of the factor market, etc. These measures will better stimulate the endogenous motivation and innovation vitality of the whole society.
The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the system and mechanism for promoting high-quality economic development and promoting the development of new quality productivity. Focusing on the development of productivity characterized by high technology, high efficiency and high quality, it proposes to strengthen the supply of new fields and new tracks, establish a mechanism for the growth of future industrial investment, lead the optimization and upgrading of traditional industries with the improvement of national standards, and promote the gathering of various advanced production factors to develop new quality productivity.
The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the macroeconomic governance system. It proposes to improve the national strategic planning system and policy coordination mechanism; coordinate the reform of the fiscal and taxation system, increase local independent financial resources, expand local tax sources, reasonably expand the scope of support for local government special bonds, appropriately strengthen central affairs and increase the proportion of central fiscal expenditure; improve the positioning and governance of financial institutions, improve the capital market function of coordinated investment and financing, and improve the financial supervision system.
The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the system and mechanism of urban-rural integrated development. It proposes to improve the system and mechanism for promoting new urbanization; consolidate and improve the basic rural management system; improve the support system for strengthening, benefiting and enriching farmers; and deepen land system reform.
The draft decision makes arrangements for improving the system and mechanism of high-level opening up. It proposes to steadily expand institutional opening up; deepen foreign trade system reform; deepen foreign investment and outbound investment management system reform; optimize regional opening layout; and improve the mechanism for promoting high-quality joint construction of the "Belt and Road".
Second, focus on building a system and mechanism to support comprehensive innovation. The draft decision coordinates the reform of the system and mechanism of education, science and technology talents, emphasizes deepening comprehensive education reform, deepening science and technology system reform, deepening talent development system and mechanism reform, and improving the overall efficiency of the national innovation system.
In terms of education system reform, it is proposed to promote the reform of universities in a classified manner, establish a discipline adjustment mechanism and talent training model driven by scientific and technological development and national strategic needs, and make extraordinary arrangements for urgently needed disciplines and majors; improve the scientific and technological innovation mechanism of universities and improve the efficiency of achievement transformation.
In terms of science and technology system reform, it is proposed to strengthen the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces, optimize the positioning and layout of national scientific research institutions, high-level research universities, and leading scientific and technological enterprises, improve the management of scientific and technological plans, and strengthen the forward-looking and leading layout of basic research fields, cross-cutting frontier fields, and key fields; strengthen the leading position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and establish a mechanism for cultivating and strengthening leading scientific and technological enterprises; allow scientific research institutions to implement a more flexible management system than general institutions, explore the implementation of enterprise management; deepen the reform of empowering post scientific and technological achievements.
In terms of talent development system and mechanism reform, it is proposed to accelerate the construction of national strategic talent forces and improve the quality of various types of talents; improve the mechanism for discovering, selecting, and cultivating young innovative talents, and better guarantee the treatment of young scientific and technological personnel; strengthen the talent incentive mechanism, insist on authorizing the main body of employment and unbundling talents; improve the support and guarantee mechanism for overseas talent introduction.
Third, focus on comprehensive reform. The draft decision plans to further deepen reforms in an all-round way under the framework of the overall layout of "five in one" and the coordinated promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and coordinates the deployment of economic system reform and other reforms in various fields.
In terms of reforms in the fields of democracy and the rule of law, arrangements are made for improving the system of whole process people's democracy and improving the socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics. It is proposed to strengthen the construction of the system of people's mastery of their own affairs; improve the mechanism of consultative democracy; improve the grassroots democratic system; and improve the overall united front work pattern. It is proposed to strengthen legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas; improve the system and mechanism in which the supervisory organs, public security organs, procuratorates, courts, and judicial administrative organs perform their respective duties, and the supervisory power, investigation power, procuratorial power, judicial power, and execution power cooperate and restrict each other; and improve the mechanism for promoting the construction of a rule of law society.
In terms of cultural system reform, with a view to promoting the modernization of coordinated material and spiritual civilization, it is proposed to promote the normalization and institutionalization of ideal and belief education, improve and innovate the working mechanism of civilization cultivation, civilization practice, and civilization creation; optimize the supply mechanism of cultural services and cultural products, and establish a mechanism for high-quality cultural resources to reach the grassroots directly; improve the comprehensive network governance system; promote the reconstruction of the international communication pattern and build a more effective international communication system.
In terms of improving the system of safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, it is proposed to improve the income distribution system and standardize the income distribution order; optimize the policy environment for entrepreneurship and employment promotion, support and standardize the development of new employment forms; improve the social security system for flexible employment personnel, migrant workers, and new employment forms, and completely cancel the restrictions on household registration in the place of employment; it is proposed to accelerate the construction of a new model of real estate development and fully give city governments the autonomy to regulate the real estate market; it is proposed to deepen the reform of the medical and health system and implement the health-first development strategy; it is proposed to improve the population development support and service system, improve the policy system and incentive mechanism for fertility support, improve the policy mechanism for the development of the elderly care industry, and promote the gradual delay of the statutory retirement age reform in a voluntary and flexible manner.
In terms of the reform of the ecological civilization system, it is proposed to improve the basic system of ecological civilization, improve the ecological environment governance system, and improve the green and low-carbon development mechanism; it is proposed to implement a regional, differentiated, and precise ecological environment management system, improve the horizontal ecological protection compensation mechanism, implement fiscal, tax, financial, investment, price policies and standard systems that support green and low-carbon development, and accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system.
Fourth, pay attention to the overall development and security. National security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term development of Chinese-style modernization. The draft decision puts the maintenance of national security in a more prominent position. Focusing on promoting the modernization of the national security system and capabilities, it proposes to build a coordinated and efficient national security protection system, promote the scientific and technological empowerment of national security; improve the handling and guarantee system of major public emergencies; establish an artificial intelligence security supervision system; explore the establishment of a unified national population management system; improve the overall prevention and control system of social security, and severely punish illegal and criminal activities that the masses strongly reflect in accordance with the law. In addition, proposes to improve the coordination mechanism for peripheral security work; improve the anti-sanction, anti-interference, and anti-"long-arm jurisdiction" mechanism; improve the trade risk prevention and control mechanism, improve the foreign-related legal system and the rule of law implementation system, and deepen international cooperation in law enforcement and justice. Focusing on the continuous deepening of national defense and military reforms, it is proposed to improve the leadership and management system and mechanism of the People's Army, deepen the reform of the joint combat system, and deepen cross-military and local reforms.
Fifth, focus on strengthening the Party's leadership over reforms. The Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for further deepening reforms in an all-round way and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The draft decision proposes to improve the implementation mechanism of major decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee; deepen the reform of the cadre and personnel system, clearly establish the correct orientation of selecting and employing people, vigorously select cadres with strong political integrity, courage to take responsibility, determination to reform, outstanding performance, and integrity, and strive to solve the problems of cadres acting arbitrarily, not acting, not daring to act, and not being good at acting; establish and practice a correct view of political achievements, implement the "three distinctions", and encourage cadres to be pioneering and enterprising, and do things and start businesses; enhance the political and organizational functions of the Party organizations; improve the institutional mechanisms for preventing and treating formalism and bureaucracy, improve the mechanism for investigating and treating unhealthy practices and corruption together, and enrich the effective methods for preventing and treating new types of corruption and hidden corruption.
I hope that comrades will deeply understand the spirit of the Party Central Committee, focus on the discussion of the plenary session, put forward constructive revision opinions and suggestions, and jointly hold this plenary session well and revise the draft decision.
(Editor: Wang Zifeng, Song Meiqi)
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习近平：关于《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》的说明
2024年07月21日16:43 来源：新华网
新华社北京7月21日电
关于《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》的说明
习近平
同志们：
受中央政治局委托，我就《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》起草的有关情况向全会作说明。
一、关于确定全会议题的考虑
围绕党的中心任务谋划和部署改革，是党领导改革开放的成功经验。从实践经验和现实需要出发，中央政治局决定党的二十届三中全会研究进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化问题，主要有以下几方面考虑。
第一，这是凝聚人心、汇聚力量，实现新时代新征程党的中心任务的迫切需要。实践充分证明，改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，我国大踏步赶上时代，靠的是改革开放。党的十八大以来，党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，靠的也是改革开放。新时代新征程上，要开创中国式现代化建设新局面，仍然要靠改革开放。党的二十大确立了全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的中心任务，阐述了中国式现代化的中国特色、本质要求、重大原则等，对推进中国式现代化作出战略部署。要把这些战略部署落到实处，把中国式现代化蓝图变为现实，根本在于进一步全面深化改革，不断完善各方面体制机制，为推进中国式现代化提供制度保障。
第二，这是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的迫切需要。党的十八大以来，我们突出制度建设这条主线，通过全面深化改革完善各方面制度，推动中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型，国家治理体系和治理能力现代化水平明显提高，为全面建成小康社会提供了有力制度保障。同时，要清醒看到，完善中国特色社会主义制度是一个动态过程，必然随着实践发展而不断发展，已有制度需要不断健全，新领域新实践需要推进制度创新、填补制度空白。面对新的形势和任务，必须进一步全面深化改革，继续完善各方面制度机制，固根基、扬优势、补短板、强弱项，不断把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能。
第三，这是推动高质量发展、更好适应我国社会主要矛盾变化的迫切需要。当前，推动高质量发展面临的突出问题依然是发展不平衡不充分。比如，市场体系仍不健全，市场发育还不充分，政府和市场的关系尚未完全理顺，创新能力不适应高质量发展要求，产业体系整体大而不强、全而不精，关键核心技术受制于人状况没有根本改变，农业基础还不稳固，城乡区域发展和收入分配差距仍然较大，民生保障、生态环境保护仍存短板，等等。归结起来，这些问题都是社会主要矛盾变化的反映，是发展中的问题，必须进一步全面深化改革，从体制机制上推动解决。
第四，这是应对重大风险挑战、推动党和国家事业行稳致远的迫切需要。推进中国式现代化是一项全新的事业，前进道路上必然会遇到各种矛盾和风险挑战。特别是当前世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，局部冲突和动荡频发，全球性问题加剧，来自外部的打压遏制不断升级，我国发展进入战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期，各种“黑天鹅”、“灰犀牛”事件随时可能发生。有效应对这些风险挑战，在日趋激烈的国际竞争中赢得战略主动，需要我们进一步全面深化改革，用完善的制度防范化解风险、有效应对挑战，在危机中育新机、于变局中开新局。
二、关于决定稿起草过程
2023年11月，中央政治局决定，成立党的二十届三中全会文件起草组，由我担任组长，王沪宁、蔡奇、丁薛祥同志担任副组长，在中央政治局常委会领导下承担文件起草工作。12月8日，文件起草组召开第一次全体会议，文件起草工作正式启动。在7个多月时间里，文件起草组深入调查研究，广泛征求意见，开展专题论证，反复讨论修改。
在决定稿起草过程中，我们重点把握以下几点：一是总结和运用改革开放以来特别是新时代全面深化改革的宝贵经验，确定遵循原则，坚持正确政治方向。二是紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化、落实党的二十大战略部署来谋划进一步全面深化改革，坚持问题导向。三是抓住重点，突出体制机制改革，突出战略性、全局性重大改革，突出经济体制改革牵引作用，凸显改革引领作用。四是坚持人民至上，从人民整体利益、根本利益、长远利益出发谋划和推进改革。五是强化系统集成，加强对改革整体谋划、系统布局，使各方面改革相互配合、协同高效。
这次全会文件起草，把发扬民主、集思广益贯穿全过程。2023年11月27日，党中央发出通知，就党的二十届三中全会议题征求各地区各部门各方面和部分干部群众意见。大家一致认为，党中央决定党的二十届三中全会重点研究进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化问题，彰显了将改革进行到底的坚强决心和强烈使命担当，是对新时代新征程举什么旗、走什么路的再宣示，对以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业具有重大而深远的意义。各地区各部门各方面就文件主题、框架、重要举措等提出许多有价值的建议，为决定稿起草提供了重要参考。
2024年5月7日，决定稿下发党内一定范围征求意见，征求党内老同志意见，专门听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士代表意见，听取相关企业和专家学者意见。从反馈情况看，大家一致认为，决定稿紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化这个主题擘画进一步全面深化改革战略举措，坚持正确政治方向，着力抓住推进中国式现代化需要破解的重大体制机制问题谋划改革，主题鲜明，重点突出，举措务实可行，是新时代新征程上推动全面深化改革向广度和深度进军的总动员、总部署，充分体现了完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的历史主动，必将为中国式现代化提供强大动力和制度保障。同时，各方面提出了1911条修改意见和建议。文件起草组认真研究这些意见和建议，能吸收尽量吸收，作出221处修改。
在起草工作过程中，中央政治局常委会召开3次会议、中央政治局召开2次会议进行审议、修改，形成了提请这次全会审议的决定稿。
三、关于决定稿基本框架和主要内容
决定稿除引言和结束语外，有15个部分，分三大板块。第一部分为第一板块，是总论，主要阐述进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重大意义和总体要求。第二至第十四部分为第二板块，是分论，主要从经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明、国家安全、国防和军队等方面部署改革。第十五部分为第三板块，主要讲加强党对改革的领导、深化党的建设制度改革、党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争。内容条目通篇排序，开列60条。
决定稿锚定2035年基本实现社会主义现代化目标，重点部署未来五年的重大改革举措，在内容摆布上有以下几个特点。
第一，注重发挥经济体制改革牵引作用。深化经济体制改革仍是进一步全面深化改革的重点，主要任务是完善有利于推动高质量发展的体制机制，塑造发展新动能新优势，坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”，构建全国统一大市场，完善市场经济基础制度。
决定稿围绕处理好政府和市场关系这个核心问题，把构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制摆在突出位置，对经济体制改革重点领域和关键环节作出部署。着眼增强国有企业核心功能、提升核心竞争力，提出增强各有关管理部门战略协同，推进国有经济布局优化和结构调整，推动国有资本和国有企业做强做优做大；着眼推动非公有制经济发展，提出制定民营经济促进法，加强产权执法司法保护，防止和纠正利用行政、刑事手段干预经济纠纷。提出加强公平竞争审查刚性约束，清理和废除妨碍全国统一市场和公平竞争的各种规定和做法，完善要素市场制度和规则，等等。这些举措将更好激发全社会内生动力和创新活力。
决定稿对健全推动经济高质量发展体制机制、促进新质生产力发展作出部署。围绕发展以高技术、高效能、高质量为特征的生产力，提出加强新领域新赛道制度供给，建立未来产业投入增长机制，以国家标准提升引领传统产业优化升级，促进各类先进生产要素向发展新质生产力集聚。
决定稿对健全宏观经济治理体系作出部署。提出完善国家战略规划体系和政策统筹协调机制；统筹推进财税体制改革，增加地方自主财力，拓展地方税源，合理扩大地方政府专项债券支持范围，适当加强中央事权、提高中央财政支出比例；完善金融机构定位和治理，健全投资和融资相协调的资本市场功能，完善金融监管体系。
决定稿对完善城乡融合发展体制机制作出部署。提出健全推进新型城镇化体制机制；巩固和完善农村基本经营制度；完善强农惠农富农支持制度；深化土地制度改革。
决定稿对完善高水平对外开放体制机制作出部署。提出稳步扩大制度型开放；深化外贸体制改革；深化外商投资和对外投资管理体制改革；优化区域开放布局；完善推进高质量共建“一带一路”机制。
第二，注重构建支持全面创新体制机制。决定稿统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革，强调深化教育综合改革、深化科技体制改革、深化人才发展体制机制改革，提升国家创新体系整体效能。
在教育体制改革方面，提出分类推进高校改革，建立科技发展、国家战略需求牵引的学科设置调整机制和人才培养模式，超常布局急需学科专业；完善高校科技创新机制，提高成果转化效能。
在科技体制改革方面，提出加强国家战略科技力量建设，优化国家科研机构、高水平研究型大学、科技领军企业定位和布局，改进科技计划管理，强化基础研究领域、交叉前沿领域、重点领域前瞻性、引领性布局；强化企业科技创新主体地位，建立培育壮大科技领军企业机制；允许科研类事业单位实行比一般事业单位更灵活的管理制度，探索实行企业化管理；深化职务科技成果赋权改革。
在人才发展体制机制改革方面，提出加快建设国家战略人才力量，提高各类人才素质；完善青年创新人才发现、选拔、培养机制，更好保障青年科技人员待遇；强化人才激励机制，坚持向用人主体授权、为人才松绑；完善海外引进人才支持保障机制。
第三，注重全面改革。决定稿在统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局框架下谋划进一步全面深化改革，统筹部署经济体制改革和其他各领域改革。
在民主和法治领域改革方面，对健全全过程人民民主制度体系、完善中国特色社会主义法治体系分别作出部署。提出加强人民当家作主制度建设；健全协商民主机制；健全基层民主制度；完善大统战工作格局。提出加强重点领域、新兴领域、涉外领域立法；健全监察机关、公安机关、检察机关、审判机关、司法行政机关各司其职，监察权、侦查权、检察权、审判权、执行权相互配合、相互制约的体制机制；完善推进法治社会建设机制。
在文化体制改革方面，着眼于推进物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化，提出推动理想信念教育常态化制度化，改进创新文明培育、文明实践、文明创建工作机制；优化文化服务和文化产品供给机制，建立优质文化资源直达基层机制；健全网络综合治理体系；推进国际传播格局重构，构建更有效力的国际传播体系。
在健全保障和改善民生制度体系方面，提出完善收入分配制度，规范收入分配秩序；优化创业促进就业政策环境，支持和规范发展新就业形态；健全灵活就业人员、农民工、新就业形态人员社保制度，全面取消在就业地参保户籍限制；提出加快构建房地产发展新模式，充分赋予各城市政府房地产市场调控自主权；提出深化医药卫生体制改革，实施健康优先发展战略；提出健全人口发展支持和服务体系，完善生育支持政策体系和激励机制，完善发展养老事业和养老产业政策机制，按照自愿、弹性原则稳妥有序推进渐进式延迟法定退休年龄改革。
在生态文明体制改革方面，提出完善生态文明基础体制，健全生态环境治理体系，健全绿色低碳发展机制；提出实施分区域、差异化、精准管控的生态环境管理制度，健全横向生态保护补偿机制，实施支持绿色低碳发展的财税、金融、投资、价格政策和标准体系，加快规划建设新型能源体系。
第四，注重统筹发展和安全。国家安全是中国式现代化行稳致远的重要基础。决定稿把维护国家安全放到更加突出位置，围绕推进国家安全体系和能力现代化，提出构建联动高效的国家安全防护体系，推进国家安全科技赋能；健全重大突发公共事件处置保障体系；建立人工智能安全监管制度；探索建立全国统一的人口管理制度；完善社会治安整体防控体系，依法严惩群众反映强烈的违法犯罪活动。提出建立健全周边安全工作协调机制；健全反制裁、反干涉、反“长臂管辖”机制；健全贸易风险防控机制，完善涉外法律法规体系和法治实施体系，深化执法司法国际合作。围绕持续深化国防和军队改革，提出完善人民军队领导管理体制机制，深化联合作战体系改革，深化跨军地改革。
第五，注重加强党对改革的领导。党的领导是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的根本保证。决定稿提出完善党中央重大决策部署落实机制；深化干部人事制度改革，鲜明树立选人用人正确导向，大力选拔政治过硬、敢于担当、锐意改革、实绩突出、清正廉洁的干部，着力解决干部乱作为、不作为、不敢为、不善为问题；树立和践行正确政绩观，落实“三个区分开来”，激励干部开拓进取、干事创业；增强党组织政治功能和组织功能；健全防治形式主义、官僚主义制度机制，健全不正之风和腐败问题同查同治机制，丰富防治新型腐败和隐性腐败的有效办法。
希望同志们深刻领会党中央精神，紧紧围绕全会主题进行讨论，提出建设性修改意见和建议，共同把这次全会开好、把决定稿修改好。
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