In the latest issue of Qiushi (No. 16/2024) are some interesting articles. As usual their selection tends to point to issues of interest or, in some cases, approaches to challenges and guidance for cadres and high level individuals throughout the State and social apparatus.This issue again highlights efforts around the output of the 3rd Plenum, as memorialized in its Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese Style Modernization [中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革 推进中国式现代化的决定]; but also as it has been glossed since the meeting (see also here, here, here, and here).
The Editorial Introduction, 全面准确理解《决定》的思想指引 /本刊编辑部 [Comprehensively and accurately understand the ideological guidance of the "Decision" / Editorial Department of this Journal] (which follows in full below) sets the tone for the issue:
党的二十届三中全会是在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期召开的一次十分重要的会议。[The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was a very important meeting held at a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.]
The Editorial Introduction also offers its own gloss on the Resolution. But that gloss is prelude to a more authoritative gloss.
It is extremely useful to read the essay by Xi Jinping alongside that of the CPC Party History and Literature Research Institute [中共中央党史和文献研究院] entitled "Continue to advance the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics pioneered by Comrade Deng Xiaoping" [把邓小平同志开创的中国特色社会主义伟大事业不断推向前进] which also follows below. The essay is particularly important for its efforts to more formally connect the passing Era of Reform and Opening Up with the New Era. The object is both to emphasize a seamless forward movement and an intimate connection between the foundational era of socialist modernization in its contemporary form and its expression in the current historical era and in the shadow of the current general contradiction against which policy is directed. It is particularly interesting for the way n which Deng Xiaoping is constructed as a historical figure within Chinese socialist historicism. "中国共产党的历史就是一部不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的历史。[The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of continuously advancing the sinicization and modernization of Marxism.]
History and continuity, then, contribute to the fundamental dialectical principle of Leninist evolution of social progress toward its alignment of Marxist ideals and practice sometime in the future. There are now two strong markers along that Socialist path--Deng Xiaoping and Xi Jinping who serve as avatarars of the particular place and time of the nation.
在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，邓小平同志成为党的第二代中央领导集体的核心，为开创中国特色社会主义作出了历史性贡献。[In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, Comrade Deng Xiaoping became the core of the second generation of the Party’s central leadership and made historic contributions to the creation of socialism with Chinese characteristics.]
And then the connection: "Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "Marx had the language of his time, and we have the language of our time. Each era has its own language, and the new era always has a new language." In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the "new language" of our Chinese Communists." [邓小平同志说过：“马克思有他那个时代的语言，我们有我们时代的语言。一个时代有一个时代的语言，新时代总有新语言。”在中国特色社会主义新时代，习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想就是我们中国共产党人的“新语言”。]
The (1) Table of Contents (with links to articles (in Chinese) along with the Chinese and English text of (2) 全面准确理解《决定》的思想指引 /本刊编辑部 [Comprehensively and accurately understand the ideological guidance of the "Decision" / Editorial Department of this Journal] ; and (3) "Continue to push forward the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics pioneered by Comrade Deng Xiaoping" [把邓小平同志开创的中国特色社会主义伟大事业不断推向前进] follow below.
目 录
关于《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》的说明 /习近平
全面准确理解《决定》的思想指引 /本刊编辑部
团结动员广大职工为进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作贡献 /王东明
落实进一步全面深化改革的决策部署 为中国式现代化提供强大动力和制度保障 /中央全面深化改革委员会办公室
完善高水平对外开放体制机制 /王文涛
深化立法领域改革 /沈春耀
进一步深化知识产权领域改革 为中国式现代化提供有力支撑 /申长雨
把邓小平同志开创的中国特色社会主义伟大事业不断推向前进 /中共中央党史和文献研究院
持续加强文化和自然遗产保护传承利用 /本刊评论员
北京中轴线：中国理想都城秩序的杰作 /国家文物局
经略辽阔西部 谱写世纪工程新篇章 /新华社记者
用实干澎湃振兴发展活力 /本刊记者 蔡春玲 《奋斗》杂志记者 韩建平
“浙里兴村治社”：减负增效推动基层善治 /本刊记者 周璐铭
群众“金点子”乘上立法直通车 /本刊记者 旷思思 《当代党员》杂志记者 别 致
经济社会发展统计图表：党的十八大以来农村居民生活质量显著提高 /国家统计局
Table of contents
Introduction to this issue
Explanation on the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization"/Xi Jinping
Comprehensively and accurately understand the ideological guidance of the "Decision" / Editorial Department of this Journal
Unite and mobilize the broad masses of employees to contribute to further comprehensively deepening reforms and promoting Chinese-style modernization/Wang Dongming
Implement the decision-making and deployment of further comprehensively deepening reforms to provide strong impetus and institutional guarantee for Chinese-style modernization / Office of the Central Commission for Comprehensive Deepening of Reforms
Improving the high-level opening-up system and mechanism/Wang Wentao
Deepening reforms in the legislative field/Shen Chunyao
Further deepening the reform in the field of intellectual property rights to provide strong support for Chinese-style modernization/Shen Changyu
Continuously push forward the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics pioneered by Comrade Deng Xiaoping / Institute of Party History and Documentation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China
Continuously strengthen the protection, inheritance and utilization of cultural and natural heritage /Commentator of this journal
Beijing Central Axis: A masterpiece of China’s ideal capital order/State Administration of Cultural Heritage
Navigating the vast western region and writing a new chapter in the Century Project/Xinhua News Agency reporter
Anchoring modernization and deepening reform (2)
Use hard work to revitalize development vitality/Staff reporter Cai Chunling "Struggle" magazine reporter Han Jianping
"Revitalizing villages and governing communities in Zhejiang": reducing burdens and increasing efficiency to promote good governance at the grassroots level / Staff reporter Zhou Luming
The masses’ “golden ideas” take advantage of the legislative express train/Staff reporter Kuang Sisi Journalist of “Contemporary Party Member” magazine Chi Chi
Economic and social development statistical chart: The quality of life of rural residents has improved significantly since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China/National Bureau of Statistics
"The most beautiful revolutionary soldier of the new era" (heroic model)
“通过！”
2024年7月18日下午，北京人民大会堂，党的二十届三中全会第二次全体会议在此举行，郑重表决《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定》（以下简称《决定》）。随着习近平总书记的庄严宣布，全场响起热烈掌声。
一份标注时代的改革新蓝图诞生了，中国改革开放矗立起新的里程碑。《决定》紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化这个主题擘画进一步全面深化改革战略举措，是指导新征程上进一步全面深化改革的纲领性文件，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的历史主动，以进一步全面深化改革开辟中国式现代化广阔前景的坚强决心，充分释放了改革不停顿、开放不止步的强烈信号。
党的二十届三中全会是在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期召开的一次十分重要的会议。审议通过《决定》，是这次全会的主要任务。7月15日上午，在全会第一次全体会议上，习近平总书记受中央政治局委托，就“关于确定全会议题的考虑”、“关于决定稿起草过程”、“关于决定稿基本框架和主要内容”等《决定》起草的有关情况向全会作了说明，明晰了为什么要进一步全面深化改革、往哪里改、怎么改等一系列重大理论和实践问题，展示了将改革进行到底的勇气与决心，为把全会开好、把决定稿修改好提供了重要遵循。
学习好贯彻好党的二十届三中全会精神，是当前和今后一个时期全党全国的一项重大政治任务。连日来，各地区各部门干部群众认真学习、广泛讨论、深入交流，迅速掀起学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神热潮。要持续深入学习贯彻《决定》和习近平总书记重要讲话精神，坚决把思想和行动统一到以习近平同志为核心的党中央决策部署上来，把进一步全面深化改革的战略部署转化为推进中国式现代化的强大力量。
实践续篇 时代新篇
“改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，我国大踏步赶上时代，靠的是改革开放。”
“党的十八大以来，党和国家事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，靠的也是改革开放。”
“新时代新征程上，要开创中国式现代化建设新局面，仍然要靠改革开放。”
党的二十届三中全会是在以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期召开的一次十分重要的会议。图为2024年7月19日，中共中央举行新闻发布会，介绍和解读党的二十届三中全会精神。 新华社记者 金立旺/摄
改革开放是党和人民事业大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝。党的十一届三中全会是划时代的，开启了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期。党的十八届三中全会也是划时代的，开启了新时代全面深化改革、系统整体设计推进改革新征程，开创了我国改革开放全新局面。党的二十届三中全会也是历史性的，全会通过的《决定》，是新时代新征程上推动全面深化改革向广度和深度进军的总动员、总部署，既是党的十八届三中全会以来全面深化改革的实践续篇，也是新征程推进中国式现代化的时代新篇。
党的十八届三中全会以来，习近平总书记以伟大的历史主动、巨大的政治勇气、强烈的责任担当，亲自谋划、亲自部署、亲自推动全面深化改革，带领全党全军全国各族人民以前所未有的力度开辟事业发展新天地，中华民族伟大复兴进入不可逆转的历史进程。无论是从改革广度和深度看，还是从党和国家各项事业发展对改革的实际检验看，全面深化改革都是一场思想理论的深刻变革、一场改革组织方式的深刻变革、一场国家制度和治理体系的深刻变革、一场人民广泛参与的深刻变革。放眼全世界，没有哪个国家和政党，能有这样的政治气魄和历史担当，能在这么短的时间内推动这么大范围、这么大规模、这么大力度的改革。全面深化改革取得这样辉煌的成就，根本在于习近平总书记领航掌舵，在于习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想科学指引。
围绕党的中心任务谋划和部署改革，是党领导改革开放的成功经验。党的二十大确立了全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的中心任务。当前和今后一个时期是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期。“新征程上，靠什么来进一步凝心聚力、汇聚起推进中华民族伟大复兴的强大力量？答案就是靠中国式现代化。”
党的二十大对推进中国式现代化作出战略部署。党的二十届三中全会把进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作为主题，这是以习近平同志为核心的党中央贯彻落实党的二十大精神，从新时代新征程党和国家事业发展新形势新任务新要求出发，经过深思熟虑作出的重大决策。一方面，推进中国式现代化面临许多复杂矛盾和问题，必须克服种种困难和阻力，需要通过进一步全面深化改革，推动生产关系和生产力、上层建筑和经济基础、国家治理和社会发展更好相适应，为中国式现代化提供强大动力和制度保障。另一方面，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业是新时代新征程党的中心任务，包括进一步全面深化改革在内的党和国家一切重大战略部署，都必须紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化来谋划和展开。
《决定》用“六个必然要求”集中阐明了进一步全面深化改革的重要性和必要性。在《关于〈中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的决定〉的说明》（以下简称《说明》）中，习近平总书记用“四个迫切需要”进一步作了概括凝练。
“第一，这是凝聚人心、汇聚力量，实现新时代新征程党的中心任务的迫切需要。”要把党的二十大作出的战略部署落到实处，把中国式现代化蓝图变为现实，根本在于进一步全面深化改革，不断完善各方面体制机制，为推进中国式现代化提供制度保障。
学习好贯彻好党的二十届三中全会精神，是当前和今后一个时期全党全国的一项重大政治任务。图为2024年7月27日，四川省眉山市仁寿县“小黑板”宣讲小分队，向基层党员干部群众宣讲党的二十届三中全会精神。 人民图片 潘帅/摄
“第二，这是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的迫切需要。”完善中国特色社会主义制度是一个动态过程，必须进一步全面深化改革，继续完善各方面制度机制，固根基、扬优势、补短板、强弱项，不断把我国制度优势更好转化为国家治理效能。
“第三，这是推动高质量发展、更好适应我国社会主要矛盾变化的迫切需要。”推动高质量发展面临的突出问题依然是发展不平衡不充分，诸如市场体系仍不健全，市场发育还不充分，等等，这些问题都是社会主要矛盾变化的反映，是发展中的问题，必须进一步全面深化改革，从体制机制上推动解决。
“第四，这是应对重大风险挑战、推动党和国家事业行稳致远的迫切需要。”有效应对各种风险挑战，在日趋激烈的国际竞争中赢得战略主动，需要进一步全面深化改革，用完善的制度防范化解风险、有效应对挑战，在危机中育新机、于变局中开新局。
“中国式现代化是在改革开放中不断推进的，也必将在改革开放中开辟广阔前景。”我们要顺应时代发展新趋势、实践发展新要求、人民群众新期待，以改革到底的坚强决心，不绕道、不回避，动真格、敢碰硬，坚决清除一切妨碍中国式现代化顺利推进的体制机制障碍和制约因素，努力形成精准发力、协同发力、持续发力、扎实推进中国式现代化的生动局面。
凝聚各方智慧的结晶
“党的二十大之后，我一直在思考进一步全面深化改革问题。”习近平总书记对进一步全面深化改革思考得很深、谋划得很实。博大精深的新思想、波澜壮阔的新征程，是改革理念创新的指南、实践创新的沃土。
在习近平总书记心中，全会决定“应该是一个能够对进一步全面深化改革起到全局性、引领性作用的文件”。在《说明》中，总书记深刻阐明决定稿起草过程中把握的重点：一是总结和运用改革开放以来特别是新时代全面深化改革的宝贵经验，确定遵循原则，坚持正确政治方向；二是紧紧围绕推进中国式现代化、落实党的二十大战略部署来谋划进一步全面深化改革，坚持问题导向；三是抓住重点，突出体制机制改革，突出战略性、全局性重大改革，突出经济体制改革牵引作用，凸显改革引领作用；四是坚持人民至上，从人民整体利益、根本利益、长远利益出发谋划和推进改革；五是强化系统集成，加强对改革整体谋划、系统布局，使各方面改革相互配合、协同高效。
全会文件起草自2023年隆冬开始到2024年的盛夏时节，历时7个多月。
全会文件起草，始终在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下进行。2023年11月，中央政治局决定，成立党的二十届三中全会文件起草组，习近平总书记亲自担任组长。12月8日，习近平总书记主持召开文件起草组第一次全体会议并发表重要讲话，文件起草工作正式启动。在起草工作过程中，中央政治局常委会召开3次会议、中央政治局召开2次会议进行审议、修改，形成了提请全会审议的决定稿。习近平总书记亲自把脉定向，从把握主题、搭建框架到内容摆布，从撰写初稿、征求意见到吸纳意见，从深入调研、提出举措到反复论证，都亲自谋划、精心指导，及时作出重要指示批示，在文件起草的每个环节都发挥了决定性作用。
全会文件起草，全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想特别是习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，认真总结研究改革开放的历史经验和党的十八大以来党中央关于各方面改革的决策部署和落实情况，全面把握改革的历史进程和推进中国式现代化对改革提出的新要求，以此作为坚实的思想理论基础。《决定》中作出的重大论断、提出的总体目标、确定的重大原则、部署的改革举措，都是以习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断作为根本遵循的。
全会文件起草，对文件涉及的一系列重大理论和实践问题进行了深入调研，并把发扬民主、集思广益贯穿全过程。
——2023年11月27日，党中央发出通知，就党的二十届三中全会议题征求各地区各部门各方面和部分干部群众意见，各地区各部门各方面就文件主题、框架、重要举措等提出许多有价值的建议。
——2023年12月，起草组召开全会重点课题调研部署会议，安排55家中央有关部门和单位就38个重点课题进行调研；同时，组成16个调研组，赴各省区市、新疆生产建设兵团和中央有关部门、单位调研。下旬起，就全会议题上门听取党和国家有关领导同志以及省部级主要领导同志的意见，形成一人一稿的访谈记录。针对一些重大问题，还组织进行专题论证。
——2024年5月7日，《决定》征求意见稿下发党内一定范围，征求各方面意见。5月20日，习近平总书记主持召开党外人士座谈会，听取各民主党派中央、全国工商联负责人和无党派人士代表意见。5月23日，总书记在山东济南主持召开企业和专家座谈会，听取相关企业和专家学者意见。各方面共提出了1911条修改意见和建议，文件起草组认真研究这些意见和建议，能吸收尽量吸收，作出221处修改。
——2024年7月15日，党的二十届三中全会开幕。全会期间，与会同志提出一些意见建议，经中央政治局常委会审定，又对决定稿作出多处修改，形成《决定》草案。18日下午，《决定》正式通过。
标注时代的改革新蓝图
“继续完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。到二〇三五年，全面建成高水平社会主义市场经济体制，中国特色社会主义制度更加完善，基本实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，基本实现社会主义现代化，为到本世纪中叶全面建成社会主义现代化强国奠定坚实基础。”
站在新的历史起点，《决定》明确了进一步全面深化改革的总目标。
2万余字的文件，300多项改革举措，描绘百年大党意气风发、坚毅笃行的改革蓝图，见证中华儿女勇往直前、拼搏奋斗的铿锵足音。
除引言和结束语外，《决定》共15部分，可分为“1+13+1”三大板块。第一板块是总论，主要阐述进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的重大意义和总体要求。第二板块是分论，主要从经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明、国家安全、国防和军队等方面部署改革。第三板块主要讲加强党对改革的领导、深化党的建设制度改革、党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争。内容条目通篇排序，开列60条。在《说明》中，习近平总书记在阐明决定稿基本框架的同时，用“五个注重”对决定稿内容摆布的特点作出深刻阐释。
“第一，注重发挥经济体制改革牵引作用。”经济基础决定上层建筑。经济体制改革对其他方面改革具有重要影响和传导作用。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央牢牢抓住深化经济体制改革这个“牛鼻子”部署改革举措，全面深化改革取得历史性伟大成就。实践充分证明，在整体推进的基础上抓主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，努力做到全局和局部相配套、治本和治标相结合、渐进和突破相衔接，实现整体推进和重点突破相统一，才能做到纲举目张。在《说明》中，习近平总书记深刻阐明：“深化经济体制改革仍是进一步全面深化改革的重点，主要任务是完善有利于推动高质量发展的体制机制，塑造发展新动能新优势，坚持和落实‘两个毫不动摇’，构建全国统一大市场，完善市场经济基础制度。”
——围绕处理好政府和市场关系这个核心问题，把构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制摆在突出位置，对经济体制改革重点领域和关键环节作出部署。必须深刻认识到，高水平社会主义市场经济体制是中国式现代化的重要保障，只有处理好政府和市场关系这个核心问题，既“放得活”又“管得住”，才能更好激发全社会内生动力和创新活力。《决定》在第5至7条围绕坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”、构建全国统一大市场、完善市场经济基础制度等三个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——对健全推动经济高质量发展体制机制、促进新质生产力发展作出部署。必须深刻认识到，高质量发展是全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务，只有以新发展理念引领改革，立足新发展阶段，深化供给侧结构性改革，完善推动高质量发展激励约束机制，才能塑造发展新动能新优势。《决定》在第8至12条围绕健全因地制宜发展新质生产力体制机制、健全促进实体经济和数字经济深度融合制度等五个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——对健全宏观经济治理体系作出部署。必须深刻认识到，科学的宏观调控、有效的政府治理是发挥社会主义市场经济体制优势的内在要求，只有完善宏观调控制度体系，统筹推进财税、金融等重点领域改革，才能增强宏观政策取向一致性。《决定》在第16至19条围绕完善国家战略规划体系和政策统筹协调机制、深化财税体制改革等四个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——对完善城乡融合发展体制机制作出部署。必须深刻认识到，城乡融合发展是中国式现代化的必然要求，只有统筹新型工业化、新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴，全面提高城乡规划、建设、治理融合水平，促进城乡要素平等交换、双向流动，才能促进城乡共同繁荣发展。《决定》在第20至23条围绕健全推进新型城镇化体制机制、巩固和完善农村基本经营制度等四个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——对完善高水平对外开放体制机制作出部署。必须深刻认识到，开放是中国式现代化的鲜明标识，只有坚持对外开放基本国策，坚持以开放促改革，建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，才能不断拓展中国式现代化的发展空间。《决定》在第24至28条围绕稳步扩大制度型开放、深化外贸体制改革等五个方面提出一系列改革举措。
“第二，注重构建支持全面创新体制机制。”教育、科技、人才是中国式现代化的基础性、战略性支撑。党的二十大突出创新在现代化建设全局中的核心地位，对教育、科技、人才工作作出统筹安排、一体部署，明确提出到2035年建成教育强国、科技强国、人才强国的目标。党的二十届三中全会对统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革作出部署，并统一于“构建支持全面创新体制机制”。这充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央对创新本质和规律的深刻洞察，充分体现了以改革促创新促发展的鲜明导向和工作方法。在《说明》中，习近平总书记深刻阐明：“决定稿统筹推进教育科技人才体制机制一体改革，强调深化教育综合改革、深化科技体制改革、深化人才发展体制机制改革，提升国家创新体系整体效能。”
党的十八大以来，我国科技事业取得历史性成就、发生历史性变革，科技自立自强成果持续涌现。图为2024年7月3日在北京航天飞行控制中心拍摄的神舟十八号航天员李聪在空间站组合体舱外作业的画面。 新华社记者 郭中正/摄
在教育体制改革方面，《决定》在第13条提出分类推进高校改革、完善高校科技创新机制等一系列举措。在科技体制改革方面，《决定》在第14条提出加强国家战略科技力量建设、强化企业科技创新主体地位等一系列举措。在人才发展体制机制改革方面，《决定》在第15条提出加快建设国家战略人才力量、强化人才激励机制等一系列举措。
“第三，注重全面改革。”全面深化改革，全面者，就是要统筹推进各领域改革。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央加强改革顶层设计和整体谋划，注重把握各领域改革关联性和各项改革举措耦合性，统筹改革发展稳定的关系，协调影响改革推进的各个方面、各个层次、各个要素，推动改革系统集成、协同高效。进一步全面深化改革，面临的各种矛盾及其关系更为错综复杂，必须统筹兼顾、辩证施策，增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性。在《说明》中，习近平总书记深刻阐明：“决定稿在统筹推进‘五位一体’总体布局、协调推进‘四个全面’战略布局框架下谋划进一步全面深化改革，统筹部署经济体制改革和其他各领域改革。”
——在民主和法治领域改革方面，对健全全过程人民民主制度体系、完善中国特色社会主义法治体系分别作出部署。必须深刻认识到，发展全过程人民民主是中国式现代化的本质要求，只有坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，把人民当家作主具体、现实体现到国家政治生活和社会生活各方面，才能巩固和发展生动活泼、安定团结的政治局面；法治是中国式现代化的重要保障，只有全面贯彻实施宪法，协同推进立法、执法、司法、守法各环节改革，全面推进国家各方面工作法治化，才能在法治轨道上全面建设社会主义现代化国家。《决定》在第29至37条围绕加强人民当家作主制度建设、深化立法领域改革等九个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——在文化领域改革方面，对深化文化体制机制改革作出部署。必须深刻认识到，中国式现代化是物质文明和精神文明相协调的现代化，只有增强文化自信，加快适应信息技术迅猛发展新形势，激发全民族文化创新创造活力，才能为强国建设、民族复兴注入强大精神力量。《决定》在第38至41条围绕完善意识形态工作责任制、优化文化服务和文化产品供给机制等四个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——在社会领域改革方面，对健全保障和改善民生制度体系作出部署。必须深刻认识到，在发展中保障和改善民生是中国式现代化的重大任务，只有坚持尽力而为、量力而行，解决好人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题，不断满足人民对美好生活的向往，才能扎实推进共同富裕。《决定》在第42至46条围绕完善收入分配制度、完善就业优先政策等五个方面提出一系列改革举措。
——在生态文明领域改革方面，对深化生态文明体制改革作出部署。必须深刻认识到，中国式现代化是人与自然和谐共生的现代化，只有完善生态文明制度体系，协同推进降碳、减污、扩绿、增长，加快完善落实绿水青山就是金山银山理念的体制机制，才能建设美丽中国、谱写新时代生态文明建设新篇章。《决定》在第47至49条围绕完善生态文明基础体制、健全生态环境治理体系等三个方面提出一系列改革举措。
“第四，注重统筹发展和安全。”现代化的历史进程表明，发展和安全是一体之两翼、驱动之双轮，需要统筹兼顾、同步推进，实现动态平衡、相得益彰。必须深刻认识到，国家安全是中国式现代化行稳致远的重要基础，只有全面贯彻总体国家安全观，完善维护国家安全体制机制，实现高质量发展和高水平安全良性互动，才能切实保障国家长治久安；国防和军队现代化是中国式现代化的重要组成部分，只有坚持党对人民军队的绝对领导，深入实施改革强军战略，才能为如期实现建军一百年奋斗目标、基本实现国防和军队现代化提供有力保障。《决定》在第50至56条围绕健全国家安全体系、完善人民军队领导管理体制机制等七个方面提出一系列改革举措。
“第五，注重加强党对改革的领导。”党的领导是我们的最大政治优势，是我国改革开放成功推向前进的根本保证。党的十八大以来，面对艰巨繁重的改革任务和各种风险挑战，以习近平同志为核心的党中央举旗定向、谋篇布局，自上而下建立集中统一的改革领导体制机制，习近平总书记亲自挂帅出征，亲力亲为指导推动改革工作，在许多重大改革、重大关头、重大问题上果断决策、一锤定音，为改革提供了最坚强有力的领导保障。必须深刻认识到，党的领导是进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化的根本保证，只有深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，保持以党的自我革命引领社会革命的高度自觉，坚持用改革精神和严的标准管党治党，才能确保党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。《决定》在第57至60条围绕坚持党中央对进一步全面深化改革的集中统一领导、深化党的建设制度改革等四个方面提出一系列改革举措。
在新的历史起点上进一步全面深化改革，任务重、责任大。我们要更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，深入学习贯彻习近平总书记关于全面深化改革的一系列新思想、新观点、新论断，深入学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神，把思想和行动统一到党中央决策部署上来，齐心协力抓好《决定》落实，以一往无前的奋斗姿态把改革推向前进，把中国式现代化的宏伟蓝图变成美好现实。
Comprehensively and accurately understand the ideological guidance of the "Decision"
Editorial Department of "Qiushi" Magazine
"Approved!"
On the afternoon of July 18, 2024, the second plenary session of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, and the "Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Comprehensively Deepening Reform and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization" (hereinafter referred to as the "Decision") was solemnly voted. With the solemn announcement of General Secretary Xi Jinping, warm applause broke out in the audience.
A new blueprint for reform marking the times was born, and a new milestone for China's reform and opening up stood. The "Decision" closely revolves around the theme of promoting Chinese-style modernization and outlines strategic measures for further comprehensively deepening reform. It is a programmatic document guiding the further comprehensive deepening of reform on the new journey. It fully reflects the historical initiative of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities, and the strong determination to open up broad prospects for Chinese-style modernization with further comprehensive deepening of reform, and fully releases a strong signal that reform will not stop and opening up will not stop.
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was a very important meeting held at a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. The main task of this plenary session is to review and approve the "Decision". On the morning of July 15, at the first plenary session of the plenary session, General Secretary Xi Jinping, entrusted by the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, explained to the plenary session the relevant circumstances of the drafting of the "Decision", such as "Considerations on determining the agenda of the plenary session", "Drafting process of the draft decision", "Basic framework and main contents of the draft decision", etc., clarifying a series of major theoretical and practical issues such as why we should further comprehensively deepen reforms, where to change, and how to change, showing the courage and determination to carry out reforms to the end, and providing important guidance for holding a plenary session and revising the draft decision.
Learning and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is a major political task for the whole party and the whole country at present and in the future. In recent days, cadres and masses in various regions and departments have studied seriously, discussed extensively, and exchanged in depth, quickly setting off a wave of learning and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. We must continue to study and implement the "Decision" and the spirit of General Secretary Xi Jinping's important speech, resolutely unify our thoughts and actions with the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, and transform the strategic deployment of further comprehensively deepening reforms into a powerful force to promote Chinese-style modernization.
A sequel to practice and a new chapter of the times
"In the new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, my country has made great strides to catch up with the times, relying on reform and opening up."
"Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the party and the country have achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes, relying on reform and opening up."
"In the new era and new journey, to create a new situation of Chinese-style modernization, we still have to rely on reform and opening up."
The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee was a very important meeting held at a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. The picture shows the press conference held by the CPC Central Committee on July 19, 2024 to introduce and interpret the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Xinhua News Agency reporter Jin Liwang/Photo
Reform and opening up is an important magic weapon for the party and the people's cause to catch up with the times. The Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee was epoch-making, opening a new era of reform and opening up and socialist modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee was also epoch-making, opening a new journey of comprehensively deepening reform and promoting reform with systematic overall design in the new era, and creating a new situation of reform and opening up in my country. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is also historic. The "Decision" adopted by the Plenary Session is a general mobilization and general deployment to promote the comprehensive deepening of reform to advance in breadth and depth in the new era and new journey. It is not only a practical sequel to the comprehensive deepening of reform since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, but also a new chapter in the era of promoting Chinese-style modernization in the new journey.
Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, General Secretary Xi Jinping has personally planned, deployed and promoted the comprehensive deepening of reform with great historical initiative, great political courage and strong sense of responsibility, leading the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to open up a new world for the development of the cause with unprecedented strength, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. Whether from the breadth and depth of reform, or from the actual test of reform by the development of various undertakings of the Party and the country, the comprehensive deepening of reform is a profound change in ideology and theory, a profound change in the way of organizing reform, a profound change in the national system and governance system, and a profound change with the extensive participation of the people. Looking around the world, no country or political party can have such political courage and historical responsibility to promote such a large-scale, large-scale and powerful reform in such a short period of time. The fundamental reason for the brilliant achievements of comprehensively deepening reform lies in the leadership of General Secretary Xi Jinping and the scientific guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
Planning and deploying reforms around the central tasks of the Party is the successful experience of the Party in leading reform and opening up. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the central tasks of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, achieving the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The current and future period is a critical period for comprehensively promoting the construction of a powerful country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. "On the new journey, what can we rely on to further unite our hearts and minds and gather a powerful force to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation? The answer is to rely on Chinese-style modernization."
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made strategic arrangements for promoting Chinese-style modernization. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China took further comprehensively deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization as its theme. This is a major decision made after careful consideration by the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core to implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, starting from the new situation, new tasks and new requirements for the development of the party and state cause in the new era and new journey. On the one hand, the promotion of Chinese-style modernization faces many complex contradictions and problems. We must overcome various difficulties and obstacles. We need to further deepen reforms in an all-round way to promote better adaptation between production relations and productivity, superstructure and economic foundation, national governance and social development, and provide strong impetus and institutional guarantees for Chinese-style modernization. On the other hand, comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization is the central task of the Party in the new era and new journey. All major strategic deployments of the Party and the country, including further deepening reforms in an all-round way, must be planned and carried out closely around promoting Chinese-style modernization.
The "Decision" uses "six inevitable requirements" to focus on the importance and necessity of further deepening reforms in an all-round way. In the "Explanation on the Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Further Deepening Reforms in an All-round Way and Promoting Chinese-style Modernization" (hereinafter referred to as the "Explanation"), General Secretary Xi Jinping further summarized and condensed it with "four urgent needs".
"First, this is an urgent need to unite people's hearts and gather strength to realize the central task of the Party in the new era and new journey." To implement the strategic deployment made at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and turn the blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into reality, it is fundamental to further deepen reform in an all-round way, constantly improve various systems and mechanisms, and provide institutional guarantees for promoting Chinese-style modernization.
Learning and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee is a major political task for the whole party and the whole country at present and in the future. The picture shows the "small blackboard" propaganda team in Renshou County, Meishan City, Sichuan Province, on July 27, 2024, preaching the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee to grassroots party members, cadres and the masses. People's Picture Pan Shuai/Photo
"Second, this is an urgent need to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities." Improving the socialist system with Chinese characteristics is a dynamic process. It is necessary to further deepen reform in an all-round way, continue to improve various systems and mechanisms, consolidate the foundation, promote advantages, make up for shortcomings, strengthen weaknesses, and continuously transform our country's institutional advantages into better national governance effectiveness.
"Third, this is an urgent need to promote high-quality development and better adapt to the changes in the main contradictions in our society." The outstanding problems faced in promoting high-quality development are still unbalanced and insufficient development, such as the market system is still not sound, the market is not fully developed, etc. These problems are all reflections of the changes in the main contradictions in society and are problems in development. We must further deepen reforms in an all-round way and promote solutions from the institutional mechanism.
"Fourth, this is an urgent need to respond to major risks and challenges and promote the steady and long-term development of the cause of the Party and the country." To effectively respond to various risks and challenges and win strategic initiative in the increasingly fierce international competition, it is necessary to further deepen reforms in an all-round way, use a sound system to prevent and resolve risks, effectively respond to challenges, cultivate new opportunities in crises, and open up new situations in changes.
"Chinese-style modernization is constantly advancing in reform and opening up, and will surely open up broad prospects in reform and opening up." We must adapt to the new development trends of the times, the new requirements of practice and development, and the new expectations of the people. With the firm determination to reform to the end, we will not take detours or avoid them, but will take real actions and dare to face difficulties. We will resolutely remove all institutional and mechanism obstacles and constraints that hinder the smooth advancement of Chinese-style modernization, and strive to form a vivid situation of precise, coordinated, continuous and solid promotion of Chinese-style modernization.
Crystallization of wisdom from all parties
"After the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, I have been thinking about further deepening reform in an all-round way." General Secretary Xi Jinping has thought deeply and planned very practically about further deepening reform in an all-round way. The profound new ideas and the magnificent new journey are the guide for innovation in reform concepts and the fertile ground for innovation in practice.
In the mind of General Secretary Xi Jinping, the plenary session decision "should be a document that can play an overall and leading role in further deepening reform in an all-round way." In the "Explanation", the General Secretary profoundly explained the key points in the process of drafting the draft decision: First, summarize and apply the valuable experience of comprehensively deepening reform since the reform and opening up, especially in the new era, determine the principles to follow, and adhere to the correct political direction; second, closely focus on promoting Chinese-style modernization and implementing the strategic deployment of the 20th National Congress of the Party to plan further comprehensive deepening of reform, and adhere to problem orientation; third, focus on key points, highlight institutional and mechanism reforms, highlight strategic and overall major reforms, highlight the traction role of economic system reform, and highlight the leading role of reform; fourth, adhere to the people first, plan and promote reforms based on the overall interests, fundamental interests, and long-term interests of the people; fifth, strengthen system integration, strengthen overall planning and systematic layout of reforms, so that all aspects of reform can cooperate with each other and work together efficiently.
The drafting of the plenary session documents lasted more than 7 months from the midwinter of 2023 to the midsummer of 2024.
The drafting of the plenary session documents has always been carried out under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core. In November 2023, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee decided to establish a drafting group for the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, with General Secretary Xi Jinping personally serving as the group leader. On December 8, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over the first plenary meeting of the document drafting group and delivered an important speech, and the document drafting work was officially launched. During the drafting process, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held three meetings and the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held two meetings for deliberation and revision, and formed a draft decision to be submitted to the plenary session for deliberation. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally took the pulse and set the direction. From grasping the theme, building the framework to arranging the content, from writing the first draft, soliciting opinions to absorbing opinions, from in-depth research, proposing measures to repeated argumentation, he personally planned and carefully guided, and made important instructions and instructions in a timely manner, playing a decisive role in every link of the document drafting.
The drafting of the plenary session document fully implements Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, especially General Secretary Xi Jinping’s series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new conclusions on comprehensively deepening reform, conscientiously summarizes and studies the historical experience of reform and opening up and the decision-making arrangements and implementation of the Party Central Committee on various aspects of reform since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, comprehensively grasps the historical process of reform and the new requirements for reform put forward by promoting Chinese-style modernization, and takes this as a solid ideological and theoretical foundation. The major conclusions, overall goals, major principles and reform measures made in the Decision are all based on General Secretary Xi Jinping's new ideas, new viewpoints and new conclusions on comprehensively deepening reform.
In drafting the plenary session documents, in-depth research was conducted on a series of major theoretical and practical issues involved in the documents, and democracy and brainstorming were carried out throughout the whole process.
——On November 27, 2023, the Party Central Committee issued a notice to solicit opinions from all regions, departments and some cadres and the masses on the topics of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. All regions, departments and aspects put forward many valuable suggestions on the theme, framework and important measures of the document.
——In December 2023, the drafting group held a research and deployment meeting on key topics of the plenary session, and arranged 55 relevant central departments and units to conduct research on 38 key topics; at the same time, 16 research teams were formed to conduct research in various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and relevant central departments and units. Starting from the second half of the month, we will go to the doorsteps of the relevant leaders of the Party and the State and the main leaders at the provincial and ministerial levels to listen to the opinions of the leaders on the plenary session, and form a one-person-one-draft interview record. For some major issues, we will also organize special discussions.
——On May 7, 2024, the draft of the "Decision" was distributed to a certain range of people within the Party to solicit opinions from all parties. On May 20, General Secretary Xi Jinping presided over a symposium with non-Party personages to listen to the opinions of the leaders of the central committees of the democratic parties, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and representatives of non-party personages. On May 23, the General Secretary presided over a symposium with enterprises and experts in Jinan, Shandong, to listen to the opinions of relevant enterprises and experts and scholars. A total of 1,911 revision opinions and suggestions were put forward by all parties. The drafting group of the document carefully studied these opinions and suggestions, absorbed them as much as possible, and made 221 revisions.
——On July 15, 2024, the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee opened. During the plenary session, the comrades present put forward some opinions and suggestions, which were approved by the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and the draft decision was revised in many places to form the draft of the "Decision". On the afternoon of the 18th, the Decision was formally adopted.
A new blueprint for reform that marks the era
"Continue to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. By 2035, a high-level socialist market economic system will be fully established, the socialist system with Chinese characteristics will be more perfect, the national governance system and governance capabilities will be basically modernized, and socialist modernization will be basically realized, laying a solid foundation for building a socialist modern power in an all-round way by the middle of this century."
Standing at a new historical starting point, the Decision clarifies the overall goal of further deepening reform in an all-round way.
The document of more than 20,000 words and more than 300 reform measures depict the reform blueprint of the century-old party with high spirits and perseverance, and witness the sonorous footsteps of the Chinese people forging ahead and striving hard.
Except for the introduction and conclusion, the Decision has 15 parts, which can be divided into three major sections of "1+13+1". The first section is the general discussion, which mainly expounds the great significance and overall requirements of further deepening reform in an all-round way and promoting Chinese-style modernization. The second section is the sub-discussion, which mainly deploys reforms from the aspects of economy, politics, culture, society, ecological civilization, national security, national defense and the military. The third section mainly talks about strengthening the party's leadership over reform, deepening the reform of the party building system, building a clean and honest party style, and fighting corruption. The content items are arranged in order throughout the text, with 60 items listed. In the "Explanation", General Secretary Xi Jinping explained the basic framework of the draft decision. At the same time, the characteristics of the arrangement of the content of the draft decision were profoundly explained with "five focuses".
"First, focus on the leading role of economic system reform." The economic base determines the superstructure. Economic system reform has an important influence and transmission effect on other reforms. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has firmly grasped the "bull nose" of deepening economic system reform to deploy reform measures, and has achieved historic and great achievements in comprehensively deepening reform. Practice has fully proved that on the basis of overall advancement, grasping the main contradictions and the main aspects of the contradictions, striving to achieve the overall and local matching, combining root causes and symptoms, and linking gradual progress and breakthroughs, and realizing the unity of overall advancement and key breakthroughs, can achieve the overall goal. In the Explanation, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly explained: "Deepening economic system reform is still the focus of further deepening reform in an all-round way. The main task is to improve the system and mechanism that is conducive to promoting high-quality development, create new momentum and new advantages for development, adhere to and implement the "two unshakable" principles, build a unified national market, and improve the basic system of the market economy."
——Focusing on the core issue of handling the relationship between the government and the market, the construction of a high-level socialist market economic system is placed in a prominent position, and arrangements are made for key areas and key links of economic system reform. It must be deeply recognized that a high-level socialist market economic system is an important guarantee for China's modernization. Only by handling the core issue of the relationship between the government and the market, both "letting it live" and "controlling it", can the endogenous motivation and innovation vitality of the whole society be better stimulated. In Articles 5 to 7, the Decision proposes a series of reform measures in three aspects: adhering to and implementing the "two unshakable" principles, building a unified national market, and improving the basic system of the market economy.
——Make arrangements for improving the system and mechanism for promoting high-quality economic development and promoting the development of new quality productivity. It is necessary to deeply realize that high-quality development is the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way. Only by guiding reform with the new development concept, based on the new development stage, deepening supply-side structural reform, and improving the incentive and constraint mechanism for promoting high-quality development can we create new momentum and new advantages for development. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in five aspects, including improving the system and mechanism for developing new quality productivity in accordance with local conditions and improving the system for promoting the deep integration of the real economy and the digital economy, in Articles 8 to 12.
——Make arrangements for improving the macroeconomic governance system. It is necessary to deeply realize that scientific macroeconomic regulation and effective government governance are the inherent requirements for giving full play to the advantages of the socialist market economy system. Only by improving the macroeconomic regulation system and promoting reforms in key areas such as finance and taxation can the consistency of macroeconomic policy orientation be enhanced. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in four aspects, including improving the national strategic planning system and policy coordination mechanism, and deepening the reform of the finance and taxation system, in Articles 16 to 19.
——Make arrangements for improving the system and mechanism for urban-rural integrated development. It is necessary to deeply realize that the integrated development of urban and rural areas is an inevitable requirement of China's modernization. Only by coordinating new industrialization, new urbanization and comprehensive rural revitalization, comprehensively improving the integration level of urban and rural planning, construction and governance, and promoting equal exchange and two-way flow of urban and rural factors, can we promote the common prosperity and development of urban and rural areas. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in four aspects, including improving the system and mechanism for promoting new urbanization and consolidating and improving the basic rural management system, in Articles 20 to 23.
- Make arrangements for improving the system and mechanism for high-level opening up. It is necessary to deeply realize that openness is a distinctive symbol of China's modernization. Only by adhering to the basic national policy of opening up, promoting reform through opening up, and building a new system of open economy at a higher level can we continuously expand the development space of China's modernization. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in five aspects, including steadily expanding institutional opening up and deepening foreign trade system reform, in Articles 24 to 28.
"Second, focus on building a system and mechanism to support comprehensive innovation." Education, science and technology, and talents are the basic and strategic support for China's modernization. The 20th CPC National Congress highlighted the core position of innovation in the overall modernization drive, made overall arrangements and integrated deployment for education, science and technology, and talent work, and clearly put forward the goal of building a strong country in education, science and technology, and talent by 2035. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee made arrangements for the integrated reform of the education, science and technology talent system and mechanism, and unified it in "building a system and mechanism to support comprehensive innovation". This fully reflects the profound insight of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core into the essence and laws of innovation, and fully reflects the clear orientation and working methods of promoting innovation and development through reform. In the Explanation, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly explained: "The draft decision comprehensively promotes the integrated reform of the education, science and technology talent system and mechanism, emphasizes deepening the comprehensive reform of education, deepening the reform of the science and technology system, deepening the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, and improving the overall efficiency of the national innovation system."
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, my country's science and technology undertakings have achieved historic achievements and undergone historic changes, and the achievements of scientific and technological self-reliance have continued to emerge. The picture shows the picture of Shenzhou 18 astronaut Li Cong working outside the space station assembly on July 3, 2024, taken at the Beijing Aerospace Flight Control Center. Xinhua News Agency reporter Guo Zhongzheng/Photo
In terms of education system reform, the Decision proposes a series of measures in Article 13, such as promoting college reform in a classified manner and improving the scientific and technological innovation mechanism of colleges and universities. In terms of scientific and technological system reform, the Decision proposes a series of measures in Article 14, such as strengthening the construction of national strategic scientific and technological forces and strengthening the dominant position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation. In terms of talent development system and mechanism reform, the Decision proposes a series of measures in Article 15, such as accelerating the construction of national strategic talent forces and strengthening talent incentive mechanisms.
"Third, pay attention to comprehensive reform." Comprehensively deepen reform, comprehensive means to coordinate and promote reforms in various fields. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has strengthened the top-level design and overall planning of reforms, paid attention to grasping the relevance of reforms in various fields and the coupling of various reform measures, coordinated the relationship between reform, development and stability, coordinated all aspects, levels and elements that affect the advancement of reforms, and promoted reforms to be systematically integrated and coordinated and efficient. To further comprehensively deepen reforms, the various contradictions and their relationships faced are more complicated, and we must coordinate and balance, dialectically implement policies, and enhance the systematic, holistic and coordinated nature of reforms. In the Explanation, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly explained: "The draft decision plans to further deepen reforms in an all-round way under the framework of the overall layout of the 'five-in-one' and the coordinated promotion of the 'four comprehensive' strategic layout, and coordinates the deployment of economic system reform and other reforms in various fields."
- In terms of reforms in the fields of democracy and the rule of law, arrangements are made for improving the system of people's democracy throughout the process and improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics. It must be deeply recognized that the development of people's democracy throughout the process is the essential requirement of Chinese-style modernization. Only by unswervingly following the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics and concretely and realistically embodying the people's mastery of their own affairs in all aspects of national political and social life can we consolidate and develop a lively, stable and united political situation; the rule of law is an important guarantee for Chinese-style modernization. Only by fully implementing the Constitution, coordinating the reform of legislation, law enforcement, justice, and law-abiding, and comprehensively promoting the rule of law in all aspects of national work can we comprehensively build a socialist modern country on the track of the rule of law. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in nine aspects, including strengthening the construction of the people's mastery of their own affairs system and deepening reforms in the field of legislation, in Articles 29 to 37.
- In terms of reforms in the field of culture, arrangements are made to deepen the reform of cultural systems and mechanisms. It must be deeply recognized that Chinese modernization is a modernization of coordinated material and spiritual civilization. Only by enhancing cultural confidence, accelerating the adaptation to the new situation of rapid development of information technology, and stimulating the cultural innovation and creativity of the whole nation can we inject strong spiritual power into the construction of a strong country and national rejuvenation. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in four aspects, including improving the responsibility system for ideological work and optimizing the supply mechanism of cultural services and cultural products, in Articles 38 to 41.
- In terms of social reform, arrangements are made for improving the system of safeguarding and improving people's livelihood. It must be deeply recognized that safeguarding and improving people's livelihood in development is a major task of Chinese modernization. Only by adhering to doing our best and doing what we can, solving the most direct and realistic interests that the people are most concerned about, and constantly satisfying the people's yearning for a better life, can we solidly promote common prosperity. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in five aspects, including improving the income distribution system and improving the employment priority policy, in Articles 42 to 46.
- In terms of reform in the field of ecological civilization, arrangements are made for deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system. It must be deeply understood that Chinese modernization is a modernization of harmonious coexistence between man and nature. Only by improving the system of ecological civilization, promoting carbon reduction, pollution reduction, green expansion and growth in a coordinated manner, and accelerating the improvement of the system and mechanism for implementing the concept that green waters and green mountains are gold and silver mountains, can we build a beautiful China and write a new chapter in the construction of ecological civilization in the new era. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in three aspects, namely, improving the basic system of ecological civilization and improving the ecological environment governance system, in Articles 47 to 49.
"Fourth, pay attention to the overall coordination of development and security." The historical process of modernization shows that development and security are the two wings of one body and the two wheels of driving force. They need to be coordinated and promoted simultaneously to achieve dynamic balance and complement each other. It must be deeply understood that national security is an important foundation for the steady and long-term development of Chinese modernization. Only by fully implementing the overall national security concept, improving the system and mechanism for maintaining national security, and achieving a benign interaction between high-quality development and high-level security, can we effectively ensure the long-term stability of the country; national defense and military modernization are important components of Chinese modernization. Only by adhering to the absolute leadership of the Party over the people's army and deeply implementing the strategy of reform and strengthening the army can we provide a strong guarantee for achieving the goal of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the army as scheduled and basically realizing the modernization of national defense and the army. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in seven aspects, including improving the national security system and the leadership and management system of the People's Army, in Articles 50 to 56.
"Fifth, focus on strengthening the Party's leadership over reform." The Party's leadership is our greatest political advantage and the fundamental guarantee for the successful advancement of my country's reform and opening up. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, in the face of arduous and heavy reform tasks and various risks and challenges, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has set the direction and laid out a plan to establish a centralized and unified reform leadership system from top to bottom. General Secretary Xi Jinping personally led the battle and personally guided and promoted the reform work. He made decisive decisions and finalized decisions on many major reforms, major junctures, and major issues, providing the strongest and most powerful leadership guarantee for the reform. We must deeply realize that the Party's leadership is the fundamental guarantee for further deepening reform and promoting Chinese-style modernization. Only by deeply understanding the decisive significance of the "two establishments", strengthening the "four consciousnesses", firming the "four self-confidences", and achieving the "two safeguards", maintaining a high degree of consciousness in leading the social revolution with the Party's self-revolution, and adhering to the spirit of reform and strict standards in governing the Party, can we ensure that the Party always remains the strong leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Decision proposes a series of reform measures in four aspects, including upholding the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee in further deepening reform in an all-round way and deepening the reform of the Party building system, in Articles 57 to 60.
Further deepening reform in an all-round way at a new historical starting point is a heavy task and a great responsibility. We must unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping's series of new ideas, new viewpoints, and new propositions on comprehensively deepening reform, thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, unify thoughts and actions with the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee, work together to implement the Decision, push forward reform with an indomitable fighting spirit, and turn the grand blueprint of Chinese-style modernization into a beautiful reality.
邓小平同志是全党全军全国各族人民公认的享有崇高威望的卓越领导人，伟大的马克思主义者，伟大的无产阶级革命家、政治家、军事家、外交家，久经考验的共产主义战士，中国社会主义改革开放和现代化建设的总设计师，中国特色社会主义道路的开创者，邓小平理论的主要创立者。在邓小平同志诞辰120周年之际，在全党全军全国各族人民深入学习贯彻党的二十届三中全会精神之时，缅怀他的丰功伟绩，学习他的崇高风范，对紧密团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业，具有重大意义。
一、邓小平同志为中华民族的独立和解放、为中国的社会主义现代化事业建立了不朽的功勋
邓小平，一个铭刻在亿万人民心中不朽的名字。邓小平同志的一生，同中国共产党、中国人民解放军、中华人民共和国创建和发展的历史进程紧紧相连，同中国革命、建设、改革的历史进程紧紧相连，同中华民族抗争、独立、振兴的历史进程紧紧相连，是光辉的一生、战斗的一生、伟大的一生。
新民主主义革命时期，邓小平同志为党领导的民族独立和人民解放事业建立了卓越功勋，是中华人民共和国的开国元勋。从百色起义到浴血太行，从挺进中原到决战淮海，从横渡长江到挥师西南，邓小平同志作为毛泽东同志的亲密战友，以超人的胆识和卓著的战功，为新民主主义革命的胜利和新中国的诞生，建立了赫赫功勋。
在社会主义革命和建设时期，邓小平同志为胜利完成社会主义革命、探索我国社会主义建设道路作出了杰出贡献。作为以毛泽东同志为核心的党的第一代中央领导集体的重要成员，邓小平同志为探索适合我国情况的社会主义建设道路、为克服经济困难提出许多正确主张，进行了卓有成效的工作。
在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，邓小平同志成为党的第二代中央领导集体的核心，为开创中国特色社会主义作出了历史性贡献。面对“文化大革命”造成的严峻局面，邓小平同志旗帜鲜明反对“两个凡是”的错误观点，支持和领导开展真理标准问题的讨论，推动进行各方面的拨乱反正。在邓小平同志指导下，党的十一届三中全会重新确立了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线，停止使用“以阶级斗争为纲”的错误提法，确定把全党工作的着重点转移到社会主义现代化建设上来，作出实行改革开放的重大决策，实现了党的历史上具有深远意义的伟大转折。
1948年11月16日，为了保证淮海战役的胜利，中共中央和中央军委决定由刘伯承、陈毅、邓小平、粟裕、谭震林五位同志组成淮海战役总前委，邓小平同志为总前委书记。图为淮海战役五人总前委成员，左二为邓小平同志（资料照片）。
党的十一届三中全会以后，邓小平同志领导我们党作出一系列重大决策，把改革开放和社会主义现代化建设一步一步推向前进。他指导我们党系统总结新中国成立以来的历史经验，解决了科学评价毛泽东同志的历史地位和毛泽东思想的科学体系、根据新的实际和发展要求确立中国社会主义现代化建设的正确道路这样两个相互联系的重大历史课题，领导我们党在新中国成立以来革命和建设实践的基础上，成功走出了一条中国特色社会主义新道路。他强调必须坚持以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则，坚持改革开放，领导我们党制定了党在社会主义初级阶段的基本路线，制定了现代化建设“三步走”发展战略。20世纪80年代末90年代初，邓小平同志坚决有力地支持党和政府为捍卫中国特色社会主义而进行的斗争，并发表南方谈话，从理论上深刻回答了长期困扰和束缚人们思想的许多重大认识问题，提出了对整个社会主义现代化建设具有现实和长远指导意义的重要思想，保证了党和国家沿着中国特色社会主义道路奋勇前进。
邓小平同志对党和人民的贡献，是历史性的，也是世界性的，不仅改变了中国人民的历史命运，而且改变了世界的历史进程。这一点，在回看走过的路、比较别人的路、远眺前行的路中可以看得格外清晰。回顾我们党在领导社会主义建设中经历的艰辛探索，联系社会主义在一些国家遭受的严重挫折，再看看社会主义在今天中国取得的巨大成功，让人由衷感慨，中国有邓小平同志来领导我们开创中国特色社会主义伟大事业是多么值得庆幸！党的十五大把邓小平和孙中山、毛泽东并称为20世纪“三位站在时代前列的伟大人物”，习近平总书记把邓小平同志领导开创的改革开放和中国特色社会主义伟大事业誉为“近代以来实现中华民族伟大复兴的三大里程碑”之一，这样的评价，邓小平同志当之无愧。邓小平同志说过：“没有毛主席，至少我们中国人民还要在黑暗中摸索更长的时间。”同样应当说，如果没有邓小平同志，中国人民就不可能有今天的新生活，中国就不可能有今天改革开放的新局面和社会主义现代化的光明前景。
邓小平同志在为中国人民不懈奋斗的光辉一生中，充分展现了一位真正共产党人的崇高品德、博大胸怀、卓越胆识和革命风格，不愧是中国人民的伟大儿子。邓小平同志一生最鲜明的政治品格是信念坚定，最深厚的情感寄托是热爱人民，最重要的思想特点是实事求是，最鲜明的领导风范是开拓创新，最恢宏的革命气度是战略思维，最光辉的人格魅力是坦荡无私。他对马克思主义、共产主义始终不渝的信仰信念，对祖国和人民的深情大爱，善于“照辩证法办事”的思想方法和领导艺术，革故鼎新、一往无前的勇气锐气，“放眼世界，放眼未来”的世界眼光和战略思维，心底无私天地宽的博大胸怀，是那样亲切感人，又那样令人肃然起敬。邓小平同志身处逆境而始终豁达乐观，肩负重任而总是举重若轻，目光远大而始终脚踏实地，功高至伟而从不居功自傲。邓小平同志的丰功伟绩和崇高风范，将永远铭刻在中国人民的心中，永远激励我们在新时代新征程奋勇前进。今天，让我们衷心地再道一声：“小平您好！”
二、深刻认识邓小平理论的历史地位和指导意义，在新的起点上不断开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界
邓小平同志留给我们的最重要的思想和政治遗产，就是他带领党和人民开创的中国特色社会主义，就是他创立的邓小平理论。邓小平理论是马克思列宁主义的基本原理同当代中国实践和时代特征相结合的产物，是毛泽东思想在新的历史条件下的继承和发展，是马克思主义在中国发展的新阶段，是当代中国的马克思主义，是中国共产党集体智慧的结晶。
什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，这是邓小平同志在领导改革开放和现代化建设过程中不断提出和反复思考的根本问题。我国社会主义在改革开放前所经历的曲折和失误，改革开放后在前进中遇到的一些困惑，都与这个问题没有完全搞清楚有关。邓小平同志说：“我们搞改革开放，把工作重心放在经济建设上，没有丢马克思，没有丢列宁，也没有丢毛泽东。老祖宗不能丢啊！问题是要把什么叫社会主义搞清楚，把怎么样建设和发展社会主义搞清楚。”正是紧紧围绕这一根本问题，以邓小平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，深刻总结新中国成立以来正反两方面经验，借鉴世界社会主义历史经验，创立了邓小平理论。邓小平理论在社会主义发展道路、发展阶段、根本任务、发展动力、外部条件、政治保证、战略步骤、领导力量和依靠力量、祖国统一等重大问题上，形成了一系列相互联系的基本观点，第一次比较系统地初步回答了在中国这样经济文化比较落后的国家如何建设社会主义、如何巩固和发展社会主义的一系列基本问题，用新的思想观点继承和发展了马克思主义，把对社会主义的认识提高到新的科学水平。
1978年12月，党的十一届三中全会胜利召开。全会果断结束“以阶级斗争为纲”，实现党和国家工作中心战略转移，开启了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设新时期，实现了新中国成立以来党的历史上具有深远意义的伟大转折。图为邓小平同志在十一届三中全会上（资料照片）。
解放思想、实事求是是邓小平理论的精髓。早在1958年，邓小平同志就说过，“思想解放，破除迷信，后来者可以居上”，“要敢想、敢说、敢干，富有创造性”，“要按照中国的情况写中国的文章”。改革开放后，邓小平同志强调：“我们讲解放思想，是指在马克思主义指导下打破习惯势力和主观偏见的束缚，研究新情况，解决新问题。”“解放思想，就是使思想和实际相符合，使主观和客观相符合，就是实事求是。”改革开放和现代化建设过程中，邓小平同志在关键时刻作出的每一项重大决策，都体现了解放思想、实事求是。也正是依靠解放思想、实事求是，邓小平同志指引我们干出了“马克思没有讲过，我们的前人没有做过，其他社会主义国家也没有干过”的全新的事业，并以一系列具有开创意义的思想观点，开辟了马克思主义新境界。比如：我国还处在社会主义初级阶段；社会主义的本质，是解放生产力，发展生产力，消灭剥削，消除两极分化，最终达到共同富裕；科学技术是第一生产力；在农村实行联产承包责任制；允许一部分地区、一部分人先富裕起来，先发展起来的地区带动和帮助后发展的地区；计划和市场都是经济手段，计划多一点还是市场多一点，不是社会主义与资本主义的本质区别；没有民主就没有社会主义，就没有社会主义现代化；用“一国两制”的科学构想解决台湾问题和香港问题、澳门问题；等等。其中不少在今天的人们看来习以为常的重大论断，在当时提出来是多么振聋发聩乃至石破天惊，对廓清人们头脑中的思想迷雾、开创改革开放和现代化建设新局面产生了多么巨大而深远的影响！
中国共产党的历史就是一部不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化的历史。在这一伟大历史进程中，邓小平理论有着举足轻重的地位。这一伟大历史进程是以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人开启的，毛泽东思想实现了马克思主义中国化的第一次历史性飞跃。沿着毛泽东同志开拓的马克思主义中国化道路，我们党先后创立邓小平理论，形成“三个代表”重要思想和科学发展观，形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系，实现了马克思主义中国化新的飞跃。邓小平理论是对马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想在新的历史条件下的继承和发展，同时又是中国特色社会主义理论体系的开篇之作。正如习近平总书记指出的：“坚持和发展中国特色社会主义是一篇大文章，邓小平同志为它确定了基本思路和基本原则，以江泽民同志为核心的党的第三代中央领导集体、以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央在这篇大文章上都写下了精彩的篇章。现在，我们这一代共产党人的任务，就是继续把这篇大文章写下去。”
邓小平同志说过：“马克思有他那个时代的语言，我们有我们时代的语言。一个时代有一个时代的语言，新时代总有新语言。”在中国特色社会主义新时代，习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想就是我们中国共产党人的“新语言”。这一重要思想科学回答了新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义等重大时代课题，是对马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观的继承和发展，是当代中国马克思主义、21世纪马克思主义，是中华文化和中国精神的时代精华，实现了马克思主义中国化时代化新的飞跃。
今天，时代变化和我国发展的广度和深度，远远超出了马克思主义经典作家当时的想象，对推进实践基础上的理论创新提出了新的更高要求。邓小平同志曾说：“真正的马克思列宁主义者必须根据现在的情况，认识、继承和发展马克思列宁主义。”我们要切实肩负起当代中国共产党人的庄严历史责任，把坚持马克思主义和发展马克思主义统一起来，坚持不懈用习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想凝心铸魂，坚持不懈用马克思主义之“矢”去射新时代中国之“的”，坚持不懈把马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合、同中华优秀传统文化相结合，不断谱写马克思主义中国化时代化新篇章。
三、沿着邓小平同志开创的中国特色社会主义道路奋勇前进，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业
实现现代化是我们党百余年来孜孜以求的奋斗目标，凝结着毛泽东、邓小平等老一辈革命家的毕生心血，也是他们留给我们的未竟事业。邓小平同志亲切地把我们的社会主义现代化事业命名为“中国式的现代化”，并用“小康”这个富有传统文化色彩的概念进行诠释，还以非凡的胆略为我们设计了分三步走基本实现现代化的宏伟蓝图。他强调：“同心同德地实现四个现代化，是今后一个相当长的时期内全国人民压倒一切的中心任务，是决定祖国命运的千秋大业。”现在，对邓小平同志最好的纪念，就是锚定党的二十届三中全会作出的重大部署，锲而不舍、真抓实干，以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业。
推进中国式现代化，必须坚定在中国共产党领导下走中国特色社会主义道路。从改革开放一开始，邓小平同志就指出，坚持四项基本原则“是实现四个现代化的根本前提”，核心“是坚持党的领导”。他反复强调，“中国的社会主义现代化建设事业由共产党领导，这个原则是不能动摇的”，“我们人民的团结，社会的安定，民主的发展，国家的统一，都要靠党的领导”。邓小平同志还指出：“中国式的现代化，必须从中国的特点出发。”“过去搞民主革命，要适合中国情况，走毛泽东同志开辟的农村包围城市的道路。现在搞建设，也要适合中国情况，走出一条中国式的现代化道路。”中国式现代化是中国共产党领导的社会主义现代化，是既有各国现代化的共同特征、更有基于自己国情的鲜明特色的现代化。我们要把党的全面领导落实到中国式现代化建设各领域各方面，坚持党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略不动摇，牢牢把握中国式现代化的中国特色、本质要求、重大原则等，既不走封闭僵化的老路，也不走改旗易帜的邪路，让中国式现代化乘风破浪、行稳致远。
推进中国式现代化，必须把坚持高质量发展作为新时代的硬道理。邓小平同志指出，“社会主义的任务很多，但根本一条就是发展生产力”。他反复强调：“发展才是硬道理。”硬道理，硬就硬在它是被实践反复证明的真理，是必须服从和服务的党和国家工作大局。邓小平同志深刻总结过去工作重点未能及时转移到经济建设或一有干扰就不能坚持的教训，突出强调“把经济建设当作中心”，“其他一切任务都要服从这个中心，围绕这个中心，决不能干扰它，冲击它”。他反复要求，“利用机遇，把中国发展起来”；“力争隔几年上一个台阶”；“在今后的现代化建设长过程中，出现若干个发展速度比较快、效益比较好的阶段，是必要的，也是能够办到的”。发展过去是、今后仍是中国解决所有问题的关键，发展是硬道理的战略思想必须始终不渝地坚持。同时也要看到，今天的发展环境和条件相比过去有了很大变化，而且“发展起来以后的问题不比不发展时少”。进入新发展阶段，必须把高质量发展作为全面建设社会主义现代化国家的首要任务，把发展新质生产力作为推动高质量发展的内在要求和重要着力点，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，着力推动高质量发展。邓小平同志指出，实现四个现代化，科学技术是关键，基础在教育。我们要把教育、科技、人才作为中国式现代化的基础性、战略性支撑，坚定不移深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，不断塑造发展新动能新优势。
推进中国式现代化，必须继续用好用足改革开放这个重要法宝。邓小平同志指出，“改革是中国的第二次革命”，“坚持改革开放是决定中国命运的一招”。就改革的性质和目的而言，决不是要否定和抛弃社会主义制度，而是社会主义制度的自我完善和发展。邓小平同志提出，“胆子要大，步子要稳”，“看准了的，就大胆地试，大胆地闯”。他还概括了判断改革和各方面工作是非得失的“三个有利于”标准，强调“实践这个标准最硬”，“要用上百上千的事实来回答改革开放姓‘社’不姓‘资’，有利于社会主义”。邓小平同志对改革开放看得很远、想得很深，强调“改革不只是看三年五年，而是要看二十年，要看下世纪的前五十年”，“改革开放要贯穿中国整个发展过程”。通过40多年的改革开放，我们党带领人民实现了从赶上时代到引领时代的伟大跨越。特别是党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央围绕解决现代化建设中存在的突出矛盾和问题全面深化改革，成功推进和拓展了中国式现代化。改革开放只有进行时，没有完成时。中国式现代化越是伟大而艰巨，越要向改革要动力、向开放要活力。前不久闭幕的党的二十届三中全会，就进一步全面深化改革、推进中国式现代化作出部署，充分体现了以习近平同志为核心的党中央完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的历史主动，以进一步全面深化改革开辟中国式现代化广阔前景的坚强决心，充分释放了改革不停顿、开放不止步的强烈信号。我们要深入学习宣传贯彻全会精神，坚决清除一切妨碍中国式现代化顺利推进的体制机制障碍和制约因素，以进一步全面深化改革谱写好新征程推进中国式现代化的时代新篇。
1992年1月18日至2月21日，邓小平同志先后到武昌、深圳、珠海、上海等地视察，发表了重要谈话，明确回答了长期困扰和束缚人们思想的许多重大认识问题，提出了对整个社会主义现代化建设具有现实和长远指导意义的重要思想。图为邓小平同志在从深圳前往珠海的途中（资料照片）。
推进中国式现代化，必须促进人的全面发展和全体人民共同富裕。在邓小平同志看来，贫穷不是社会主义，两极分化也不是社会主义；没有民主就没有社会主义，没有法制也没有社会主义；不重视物质文明搞不好社会主义，不重视精神文明也搞不好社会主义。他强调“搞四个现代化一定要有两手，只有一手是不行的”，并推动一手抓物质文明、一手抓精神文明，一手抓建设、一手抓法制，一手抓改革开放、一手抓惩治腐败等一系列“两手抓、两手都要硬”的战略举措。邓小平同志还高度重视共同富裕问题，指出：“共同致富，我们从改革一开始就讲，将来总有一天要成为中心课题。”“社会主义最大的优越性就是共同富裕，这是体现社会主义本质的一个东西。”改革开放40多年来，从坚持物质文明和精神文明都搞好到促进物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明协调发展，从摆脱贫困、实现小康到把推进共同富裕摆在更加突出的位置，中国式现代化的内涵不断丰富、优势不断彰显，创造了人类文明新形态。我们要把实现人民对美好生活的向往作为现代化建设的出发点和落脚点，在厚植现代化的物质基础的同时不断丰富人民精神世界，发展全过程人民民主，促进人与自然和谐共生，推动人的全面发展和全体人民共同富裕取得更为明显的实质性进展。
推进中国式现代化，必须坚持走和平发展道路。邓小平同志高瞻远瞩地作出“和平和发展是当代世界的两大问题”的重大判断，强调“我们的对外政策，就本国来说，是要寻求一个和平的环境来实现四个现代化”。他指出，“中国永远不会称霸，永远不会欺负别人”，“要维护我们独立自主、不信邪、不怕鬼的形象”，“任何外国不要指望中国做他们的附庸，不要指望中国会吞下损害我国利益的苦果”。不同于一些老牌资本主义国家通过战争、殖民、掠夺等方式实现现代化的老路，中国式现代化是走和平发展道路的现代化。我们要坚定站在历史正确的一边、站在人类文明进步的一边，高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜，弘扬全人类共同价值，推动构建人类命运共同体，在坚定维护世界和平与发展中谋求自身发展，又以自身发展更好维护世界和平与发展。
推进中国式现代化，必须深入推进新时代党的建设新的伟大工程。邓小平同志指出，“中国现代化建设需要我们的党”。他在改革开放之初就提出了“执政党应该是一个什么样的党，执政党的党员应该怎样才合格，党怎样才叫善于领导”的问题。邓小平同志谆谆告诫“中国要出问题，还是出在共产党内部”，强调“领导层有活力，克服了官僚主义，提高了效率，调动了基层和人民的积极性，四个现代化才真正有希望”，“要聚精会神地抓党的建设”，“抓党风、社会风气好转，必须狠狠地抓，一天不放松地抓”，“在整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败”，等等。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央以前所未有的决心和力度推进全面从严治党，指引百年大党开辟了自我革命新境界。我们要时刻保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定，持之以恒推进全面从严治党，以党的自我革命引领社会革命，使我们党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心，为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供坚强保证。
在中国这样一个大国坚持和发展中国特色社会主义，让14亿多人口整体迈入现代化社会，是一件很了不起的大事，将彻底改写现代化的世界版图。邓小平同志曾坚定而自信地说过：“只要中国不垮，世界上就有五分之一的人口在坚持社会主义。”他还充满期待地预测：“到下世纪中叶，能够接近世界发达国家的水平，那才是大变化。到那时，社会主义中国的分量和作用就不同了，我们就可以对人类有较大的贡献。”
今天，可以告慰邓小平同志的是，他深情热爱的中国大地日新月异，他开创的中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广，他念兹在兹的现代化事业生机勃勃，他为我们擘画的宏伟蓝图正在一步步变成美好现实。同时，邓小平同志在南方谈话中的殷殷嘱托言犹在耳：“从现在起到下世纪中叶，将是很要紧的时期，我们要埋头苦干。我们肩膀上的担子重，责任大啊！”
现在，历史的车轮已行进到以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的关键时期。让我们更加紧密地团结在以习近平同志为核心的党中央周围，全面贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，深刻领悟“两个确立”的决定性意义，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，只争朝夕、埋头苦干，奋力夺取中国式现代化这一人类历史上空前壮丽的伟大事业的新胜利！
CPC Party History and Literature Research Institute
Comrade Deng Xiaoping is an outstanding leader with high prestige recognized by the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups in the country, a great Marxist, a great proletarian revolutionary, politician, military strategist, diplomat, a time-tested communist fighter, the chief architect of China's socialist reform and opening up and modernization, the pioneer of the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the main founder of Deng Xiaoping Theory. On the occasion of the 120th anniversary of Comrade Deng Xiaoping's birth, when the whole party, the whole army and the people of all ethnic groups in the country are deeply studying and implementing the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, it is of great significance to remember his great achievements and learn from his lofty style to closely unite around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core and comprehensively promote the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.
I. Comrade Deng Xiaoping has made immortal contributions to the independence and liberation of the Chinese nation and China's socialist modernization cause
Deng Xiaoping, an immortal name engraved in the hearts of hundreds of millions of people. Comrade Deng Xiaoping's life was closely linked to the historical process of the founding and development of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese People's Liberation Army, and the People's Republic of China, to the historical process of China's revolution, construction, and reform, and to the historical process of the Chinese nation's struggle, independence, and rejuvenation. It was a glorious life, a fighting life, and a great life.
During the New Democratic Revolution, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made outstanding contributions to the cause of national independence and people's liberation led by the Party, and was a founding hero of the People's Republic of China. From the Baise Uprising to the bloody battles in Taihang, from advancing into the Central Plains to the decisive battle of Huaihai, from crossing the Yangtze River to marching to the southwest, Comrade Deng Xiaoping, as a close comrade-in-arms of Comrade Mao Zedong, made outstanding contributions to the victory of the New Democratic Revolution and the birth of New China with superhuman courage and outstanding military exploits.
During the period of socialist revolution and construction, Comrade Deng Xiaoping made outstanding contributions to the successful completion of the socialist revolution and the exploration of the path of socialist construction in my country. As an important member of the first generation of the Party's central leadership collective with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward many correct propositions and carried out fruitful work to explore the path of socialist construction suitable for my country's conditions and to overcome economic difficulties.
In the new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, Comrade Deng Xiaoping became the core of the second generation of the Party's central leadership and made historic contributions to the creation of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Faced with the severe situation caused by the "Cultural Revolution", Comrade Deng Xiaoping clearly opposed the erroneous view of "two whatevers", supported and led the discussion on the standard of truth, and promoted the rectification of all aspects. Under the guidance of Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party re-established the ideological line of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts, stopped using the erroneous formulation of "taking class struggle as the key link", determined to shift the focus of the work of the whole party to socialist modernization, made major decisions to implement reform and opening up, and achieved a great turning point with far-reaching significance in the history of the Party.
On November 16, 1948, in order to ensure the victory of the Huaihai Campaign, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Military Commission decided that Liu Bocheng, Chen Yi, Deng Xiaoping, Su Yu and Tan Zhenlin would form the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the Secretary of the General Front Committee. The picture shows the five members of the General Front Committee of the Huaihai Campaign, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping second from the left (data photo).
After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Comrade Deng Xiaoping led our Party to make a series of major decisions, pushing forward reform and opening up and socialist modernization step by step. He guided our Party to systematically summarize the historical experience since the founding of New China, solved two interrelated major historical issues: scientifically evaluating the historical status of Comrade Mao Zedong and the scientific system of Mao Zedong Thought, and establishing the correct path of China's socialist modernization according to the new reality and development requirements. He led our Party to successfully embark on a new path of socialism with Chinese characteristics on the basis of the revolutionary and construction practices since the founding of New China. He stressed the need to adhere to economic construction as the center, adhere to the four basic principles, and adhere to reform and opening up. He led our Party to formulate the Party's basic line in the primary stage of socialism and the "three-step" development strategy for modernization. In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Comrade Deng Xiaoping firmly and forcefully supported the struggle of the Party and the government to defend socialism with Chinese characteristics, and delivered the Southern Tour, which profoundly answered many major cognitive issues that had long troubled and constrained people's thinking in theory, and put forward important ideas with practical and long-term guiding significance for the entire socialist modernization, ensuring that the Party and the country forged ahead along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping's contribution to the Party and the people is historic and global. It has not only changed the historical destiny of the Chinese people, but also changed the historical process of the world. This can be seen particularly clearly when looking back at the road we have traveled, comparing the roads of others, and looking forward to the road ahead. Looking back at the arduous explorations our Party has experienced in leading socialist construction, linking the serious setbacks that socialism has suffered in some countries, and looking at the great success of socialism in China today, it makes people feel sincerely that China is so fortunate to have Comrade Deng Xiaoping to lead us in creating the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics! The 15th National Congress of the Communist Party of China called Deng Xiaoping, Sun Yat-sen, and Mao Zedong "three great figures standing at the forefront of the times" in the 20th century. General Secretary Xi Jinping praised the reform and opening up and the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics initiated by Comrade Deng Xiaoping as one of the "three major milestones in realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in modern times". Comrade Deng Xiaoping deserves such an evaluation. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said: "Without Chairman Mao, at least we Chinese people will have to grope in the dark for a longer time." It should also be said that without Comrade Deng Xiaoping, the Chinese people would not have today's new life, and China would not have today's new situation of reform and opening up and the bright prospects of socialist modernization.
Comrade Deng Xiaoping fully demonstrated the noble character, broad mind, outstanding courage and revolutionary style of a true Communist in his glorious life of unremitting struggle for the Chinese people, and he deserves to be the great son of the Chinese people. Comrade Deng Xiaoping's most distinctive political character in his life was his firm belief, his deepest emotional sustenance was his love for the people, his most important ideological characteristic was seeking truth from facts, his most distinctive leadership style was pioneering and innovative, his most magnificent revolutionary bearing was his strategic thinking, and his most glorious personality charm was his openness and selflessness. His unswerving belief in Marxism and communism, his deep love for the motherland and the people, his thinking method and leadership art of "doing things according to dialectics", his courage and spirit to make changes and forge ahead, his world vision and strategic thinking of "looking at the world and the future", and his broad mind of selflessness and broadness are so intimate and touching, and so awe-inspiring. Comrade Deng Xiaoping was always optimistic and open-minded in the face of adversity, shouldered heavy responsibilities and always made light of them, had a far-sighted vision and was always down-to-earth, and never took credit for himself despite his great achievements. Comrade Deng Xiaoping's great achievements and noble style will always be engraved in the hearts of the Chinese people and will always inspire us to forge ahead in the new era and new journey. Today, let us say again from the bottom of our hearts: "Hello, Xiaoping!"
Second, deeply understand the historical status and guiding significance of Deng Xiaoping Theory, and constantly open up new horizons for the sinicization and modernization of Marxism at a new starting point
The most important ideological and political legacy Comrade Deng Xiaoping left us is the socialism with Chinese characteristics that he led the Party and the people to create, and the Deng Xiaoping Theory that he created. Deng Xiaoping Theory is the product of the combination of the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the practice of contemporary China and the characteristics of the times. It is the inheritance and development of Mao Zedong Thought under new historical conditions, a new stage in the development of Marxism in China, Marxism in contemporary China, and the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the Communist Party of China.
What is socialism and how to build socialism are the fundamental issues that Comrade Deng Xiaoping constantly raised and repeatedly thought about in the process of leading reform, opening up and modernization. The twists and turns and mistakes that my country's socialism experienced before reform and opening up, and some confusions encountered in the process of progress after reform and opening up, are all related to the fact that this issue has not been fully clarified. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "We carried out reform and opening up and focused our work on economic construction. We did not abandon Marx, Lenin, or Mao Zedong. We cannot abandon our ancestors! The problem is to understand what socialism is and how to build and develop socialism." It was around this fundamental issue that the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, profoundly summarized the positive and negative experiences since the founding of New China, drew on the historical experience of world socialism, and created Deng Xiaoping Theory. Deng Xiaoping Theory has formed a series of interrelated basic viewpoints on major issues such as the socialist development path, development stage, fundamental tasks, development momentum, external conditions, political guarantees, strategic steps, leadership and reliance, and national reunification. For the first time, it has systematically and preliminarily answered a series of basic questions on how to build socialism and how to consolidate and develop socialism in a country like China with relatively backward economy and culture. It has inherited and developed Marxism with new ideas and viewpoints, and raised the understanding of socialism to a new scientific level.
In December 1978, the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Party was successfully held. The plenary session decisively ended the "taking class struggle as the key link", realized the strategic shift of the work center of the Party and the country, opened a new period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization, and achieved a great turning point with far-reaching significance in the history of the Party since the founding of New China. The picture shows Comrade Deng Xiaoping at the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee (file photo).
Emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts are the essence of Deng Xiaoping Theory. As early as 1958, Comrade Deng Xiaoping said, "Thinking emancipated, breaking superstition, latecomers can take the lead", "We must dare to think, dare to speak, dare to act, and be creative", "We must write Chinese articles according to China's conditions". After reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping emphasized: "When we talk about emancipating the mind, we mean breaking the shackles of habitual forces and subjective prejudices under the guidance of Marxism, studying new situations and solving new problems." "Emancipating the mind means making thoughts consistent with reality, making subjective and objective consistent, and seeking truth from facts." In the process of reform and opening up and modernization, every major decision made by Comrade Deng Xiaoping at a critical moment embodied emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts. It was also by emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts that Comrade Deng Xiaoping guided us to do a brand-new cause that "Marx did not talk about, our predecessors did not do, and other socialist countries did not do", and opened up a new realm of Marxism with a series of pioneering ideas and viewpoints. For example: my country is still in the primary stage of socialism; the essence of socialism is to liberate productivity, develop productivity, eliminate exploitation, eliminate polarization, and ultimately achieve common prosperity; science and technology are the primary productive forces; implement the contract responsibility system in rural areas; allow some regions and some people to get rich first, and the first developed regions drive and help the later developed regions; planning and market are both economic means, and more planning or more market is not the essential difference between socialism and capitalism; without democracy, there is no socialism, and there is no socialist modernization; use the scientific concept of "one country, two systems" to solve the Taiwan issue, the Hong Kong issue, and the Macao issue; and so on. Many of the major conclusions that people today take for granted were so shocking and even earth-shattering when they were put forward at that time, and they had a huge and far-reaching impact on clearing the ideological fog in people's minds and creating a new situation of reform and opening up and modernization!
The history of the Communist Party of China is a history of continuously advancing the sinicization and modernization of Marxism. In this great historical process, Deng Xiaoping Theory plays a pivotal role. This great historical process was initiated by the Chinese Communists represented mainly by Comrade Mao Zedong, and Mao Zedong Thought achieved the first historic leap in the sinicization of Marxism. Following the path of sinicization of Marxism pioneered by Comrade Mao Zedong, our party successively established Deng Xiaoping Theory, formed the important thought of "Three Represents" and the Scientific Outlook on Development, formed the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and achieved a new leap in the sinicization of Marxism. Deng Xiaoping Theory is the inheritance and development of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought under new historical conditions, and it is also the opening work of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. As General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is a big article. Comrade Deng Xiaoping determined the basic ideas and basic principles for it. The third generation of the Party's central leadership collective with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the core and the Party Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as the general secretary have written wonderful chapters in this big article. Now, the task of our generation of Communists is to continue to write this big article."
Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "Marx had the language of his time, and we have the language of our time. Each era has its own language, and the new era always has a new language." In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era is the "new language" of our Chinese Communists. This important thought scientifically answers major contemporary issues such as what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics should be upheld and developed in the new era and how to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is the inheritance and development of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thought of "Three Represents", and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It is contemporary Chinese Marxism, Marxism in the 21st century, and the essence of the times of Chinese culture and Chinese spirit. It has achieved a new leap in the sinicization and modernization of Marxism.
Today, the breadth and depth of changes in the times and the development of our country have far exceeded the imagination of the classical Marxist writers at that time, and have put forward new and higher requirements for promoting theoretical innovation based on practice. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said: "True Marxist-Leninists must understand, inherit and develop Marxism-Leninism in light of current conditions." We must earnestly shoulder the solemn historical responsibility of contemporary Chinese Communists, unify the adherence to Marxism and the development of Marxism, unremittingly use Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to unite hearts and souls, unremittingly use the "arrow" of Marxism to shoot the "target" of China in the new era, unremittingly combine the basic principles of Marxism with China's specific reality and with the excellent traditional Chinese culture, and constantly write a new chapter in the sinicization and modernization of Marxism.
III. Forge ahead courageously along the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics pioneered by Comrade Deng Xiaoping, and comprehensively promote the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization
Realizing modernization has been the goal that our party has been striving for for more than a hundred years. It embodies the life-long efforts of Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping and other older generation revolutionaries, and is also the unfinished cause they left us. Comrade Deng Xiaoping affectionately named our socialist modernization cause "Chinese-style modernization", and interpreted it with the concept of "moderate prosperity" rich in traditional cultural colors. He also designed a grand blueprint for us to basically achieve modernization in three steps with extraordinary courage. He emphasized: "To realize the four modernizations with one heart and one mind is the overriding central task of the people of the whole country for a considerable period of time in the future, and it is a great cause that will determine the destiny of the motherland for generations to come." Now, the best way to commemorate Comrade Deng Xiaoping is as anchor on the major arrangements made at the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, we will persevere and work hard to comprehensively promote the great cause of building a strong country and national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.
To promote Chinese-style modernization, we must firmly follow the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. From the beginning of reform and opening up, Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that adhering to the four basic principles "is the fundamental prerequisite for realizing the four modernizations" and the core "is to adhere to the leadership of the Party." He repeatedly emphasized that "China's socialist modernization construction is led by the Communist Party, and this principle cannot be shaken," and "the unity of our people, social stability, democratic development, and national unity all depend on the leadership of the Party." Comrade Deng Xiaoping also pointed out: "Chinese-style modernization must proceed from China's characteristics." "In the past, democratic revolution must be adapted to China's conditions and follow the path of encircling the cities from the countryside pioneered by Comrade Mao Zedong. Now, construction must also be adapted to China's conditions and take a Chinese-style modernization path." Chinese-style modernization is socialist modernization led by the Communist Party of China. It is a modernization that has both the common characteristics of modernization in various countries and distinctive characteristics based on its own national conditions. We must implement the Party's overall leadership in all areas and aspects of China's modernization, adhere to the Party's basic theory, basic line, and basic strategy, firmly grasp the Chinese characteristics, essential requirements, and major principles of China's modernization, and neither follow the old path of closed and rigid development nor the evil path of changing flags and banners, so that China's modernization can ride the wind and waves and move forward steadily.
To promote China's modernization, we must adhere to high-quality development as a hard truth in the new era. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "there are many tasks for socialism, but the fundamental one is to develop productivity." He repeatedly emphasized: "Development is the hard truth." The hard truth is that it is a truth repeatedly proven by practice and is the overall situation of the Party and the country that must be obeyed and served. Comrade Deng Xiaoping profoundly summarized the lessons of the past work focus not being able to shift to economic construction in a timely manner or not being able to persist once there was interference, and emphasized "taking economic construction as the center" and "all other tasks must obey this center and revolve around this center, and must not interfere with it or impact it." He repeatedly demanded, "Take advantage of opportunities to develop China"; "Strive to reach a higher level every few years"; "In the long process of modernization construction in the future, it is necessary and possible to have several stages with relatively fast development speed and relatively good benefits". Development has been and will remain the key to China's solution to all problems, and the strategic thinking that development is the hard truth must be adhered to unswervingly. At the same time, we must also see that today's development environment and conditions have changed greatly compared with the past, and "the problems after development are no less than those before development". Entering a new stage of development, we must take high-quality development as the primary task of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way, take the development of new quality productivity as the inherent requirement and important focus of promoting high-quality development, fully, accurately and comprehensively implement the new development concept, accelerate the construction of a new development pattern, and strive to promote high-quality development. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that science and technology are the key to realizing the four modernizations, and the foundation is education. We must take education, science and technology, and talents as the basic and strategic support for China's modernization, unswervingly implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, and constantly create new momentum and new advantages for development.
To promote Chinese-style modernization, we must continue to make good use of the important magic weapon of reform and opening up. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "reform is China's second revolution" and "persisting in reform and opening up is a move that determines China's destiny." In terms of the nature and purpose of reform, it is by no means to deny and abandon the socialist system, but the self-improvement and development of the socialist system. Comrade Deng Xiaoping proposed that "we must be bold and steady" and "if we are sure, we should boldly try and boldly break through." He also summarized the "three benefits" standards for judging the pros and cons of reform and various aspects of work, emphasizing that "practice is the most stringent standard" and "hundreds and thousands of facts should be used to answer whether reform and opening up are "socialist" or "capitalist" and are beneficial to socialism." Comrade Deng Xiaoping had a long-term vision and deep thoughts on reform and opening up, emphasizing that "reform should not only be seen in three to five years, but in twenty years and the first fifty years of the next century" and "reform and opening up should run through China's entire development process." Through more than 40 years of reform and opening up, our party has led the people to achieve a great leap from catching up with the times to leading the times. Especially since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has comprehensively deepened reforms to solve outstanding contradictions and problems in modernization construction, and successfully promoted and expanded Chinese-style modernization. Reform and opening up are only in progress, not completed. The greater and more arduous the Chinese-style modernization is, the more we need to seek power from reform and vitality from opening up. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, which concluded not long ago, made arrangements for further comprehensively deepening reforms and promoting Chinese-style modernization, which fully reflects the historical initiative of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. It fully released a strong signal that reform will not stop and opening up will not stop by further comprehensively deepening reforms to open up broad prospects for Chinese-style modernization. We must thoroughly study, publicize and implement the spirit of the plenary session, resolutely eliminate all institutional and mechanism obstacles and constraints that hinder the smooth advancement of Chinese-style modernization, and further comprehensively deepen reforms to write a new chapter in the era of promoting Chinese-style modernization on the new journey.
From January 18 to February 21, 1992, Comrade Deng Xiaoping visited Wuhan, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Shanghai and other places, delivered important speeches, clearly answered many major cognitive issues that have long troubled and constrained people's thinking, and put forward important ideas with practical and long-term guiding significance for the entire socialist modernization construction. The picture shows Comrade Deng Xiaoping on his way from Shenzhen to Zhuhai (data photo).
To promote Chinese-style modernization, it is necessary to promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people. In Comrade Deng Xiaoping's view, poverty is not socialism, polarization is not socialism; there is no socialism without democracy, and there is no socialism without the rule of law; socialism cannot be done well without paying attention to material civilization, and socialism cannot be done well without paying attention to spiritual civilization. He emphasized that "to carry out the four modernizations, we must have two hands, and only one hand is not enough", and promoted a series of strategic measures of "grasping both hands and making both hands strong", such as grasping material civilization on one hand and spiritual civilization on the other, grasping construction on one hand and the rule of law on the other, grasping reform and opening up on one hand, and punishing corruption on the other. Comrade Deng Xiaoping also attached great importance to the issue of common prosperity, pointing out: "We have been talking about common prosperity since the beginning of reform, and it will become a central topic one day in the future." "The greatest superiority of socialism is common prosperity, which is something that reflects the essence of socialism." Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up, from insisting on improving both material and spiritual civilization to promoting the coordinated development of material civilization, political civilization, spiritual civilization, social civilization, and ecological civilization, from getting rid of poverty and achieving a well-off society to placing the promotion of common prosperity in a more prominent position, the connotation of Chinese-style modernization has been continuously enriched, the advantages have been continuously demonstrated, and a new form of human civilization has been created. We must take the realization of people's yearning for a better life as the starting point and foothold of modernization construction, while consolidating the material foundation of modernization, constantly enriching the people's spiritual world, developing full-process people's democracy, promoting harmonious coexistence between man and nature, and promoting the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people to achieve more obvious and substantial progress.
To promote Chinese-style modernization, we must adhere to the path of peaceful development. Comrade Deng Xiaoping made a far-sighted judgment that "peace and development are the two major issues in the contemporary world" and emphasized that "our foreign policy, as far as our country is concerned, is to seek a peaceful environment to achieve the four modernizations." He pointed out that "China will never seek hegemony and will never bully others", "We must maintain our image of independence, not believing in evil and not fearing ghosts", and "No foreign country should expect China to be their vassal, and should not expect China to swallow the bitter fruit of damaging our interests". Unlike some old capitalist countries that have achieved modernization through war, colonization, plunder and other means, China's modernization is a modernization that takes the path of peaceful development. We must firmly stand on the right side of history and the side of human civilization progress, hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, promote the common values of all mankind, promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, seek our own development while firmly safeguarding world peace and development, and better safeguard world peace and development with our own development.
To promote China's modernization, we must deepen the new great project of party building in the new era. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out that "China's modernization construction needs our party". At the beginning of reform and opening up, he raised the question of "what kind of party should the ruling party be, how qualified should the members of the ruling party be, and how can the party be good at leadership". Comrade Deng Xiaoping admonished that "if there are problems in China, they will still arise from within the Communist Party", and stressed that "only when the leadership is dynamic, bureaucracy is overcome, efficiency is improved, and the enthusiasm of the grassroots and the people is mobilized, can there be real hope for the four modernizations", "we must concentrate on party building", "we must work hard to improve the party style and social atmosphere, and we must not relax for a day", "we must fight corruption throughout the reform and opening up process", etc. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has promoted comprehensive and strict governance of the Party with unprecedented determination and strength, and guided the century-old party to open up a new realm of self-revolution. We must always remain sober and firm in solving the unique problems of a large party, persevere in promoting comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, lead social revolution with the party's self-revolution, make our party always the strong leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and provide a strong guarantee for comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization.
In a large country like China, it is a great event to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics and allow more than 1.4 billion people to enter a modern society as a whole, which will completely rewrite the world map of modernization. Comrade Deng Xiaoping once said firmly and confidently: "As long as China does not collapse, one-fifth of the world's population will adhere to socialism." He also predicted with expectation: "By the middle of the next century, it will be a big change if we can approach the level of developed countries in the world. By then, the weight and role of socialist China will be different, and we can make greater contributions to mankind."
Today, we can comfort Comrade Deng Xiaoping that the land of China that he deeply loved is changing with each passing day, the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics that he pioneered is getting wider and wider, the modernization cause that he always thought about is full of vitality, and the grand blueprint he drew for us is gradually becoming a beautiful reality. At the same time, Comrade Deng Xiaoping's earnest exhortation in his southern talks is still ringing in our ears: "From now until the middle of the next century, it will be a very important period, and we must work hard. The burden on our shoulders is heavy and the responsibility is great!"
Now, the wheel of history has moved to a critical period of comprehensively promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation with Chinese-style modernization. Let us unite more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, fully implement Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, deeply understand the decisive significance of the "two establishments", strengthen the "four consciousnesses", firm up the "four self-confidences", and achieve the "two safeguards", seize the day, work hard, and strive to win new victories in Chinese-style modernization, a great cause unprecedented in human history!
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