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The 3rd Plenum of the 20th Central Committee will be meeting soon. The theme is not unexpected, especially given the amount of attention it has received in recent months: "deepening comprehensive reform to advance Chinese modernization." In anticipation of that meeting the Chinese People's Consultative Conference (CPPCC) released 14 recommendations one each from its political advisors after the recently completed 7th Meeting of the Standing Committee of its 14th National Committee (official description here). The recommendations included the following:
易纲常委的发言：完善社会主义市场经济体制的若干建议2024-06-07 Speech by Yi Gang, member of the Standing Committee: Several suggestions for improving the socialist market economic system 2024-06-07
王志刚常委的发言：统筹推进国际和区域科技创新中心建设2024-06-07 Speech by Wang Zhigang, member of the Standing Committee: Coordinate the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers 2024-06-07
张连起常委的发言：深化财税体制改革 推进统一大市场建设2024-06-07 Speech by Zhang Lianqi, member of the Standing Committee: Deepen the reform of the fiscal and taxation system and promote the construction of a unified large market 2024-06-07
江尔雄常委代表台盟中央的发言：建立健全数据产权制度 促进数据要素高效流通2024-06-07 Speech by Jiang Erxiong, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the Taiwan Democratic League: Establish and improve the data property rights system and promote the efficient circulation of data elements 2024-06-07
解冬常委代表民建中央的发言：加强财政金融政策协调性 促进消费投资良性循环2024-06-07 Speech by Jie Dong, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the China Democratic National Construction Association: Strengthen the coordination of fiscal and financial policies and promote a virtuous cycle of consumption and investment 2024-06-07
张震宇常委代表民进中央的发言：优化民营经济发展环境 激发民间投资活力2024-06-07 Speech by Zhang Zhenyu, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League: Optimize the development environment of the private economy and stimulate the vitality of private investment 2024-06-07
葛会波常委代表九三学社中央的发言：深化分配制度改革 促进低收入群体增收2024-06-07 Speech by Ge Huibo, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the Jiusan Society: Deepen the reform of the distribution system and promote the increase of income for low-income groups 2024-06-07
毕井泉常委的发言：探索构建城乡统一的老年人医疗保障制度2024-06-07 Speech by Bi Jingquan, member of the Standing Committee: Explore the construction of a unified urban and rural elderly medical security system 2024-06-07
张宽寿常委的发言：健全基本医保筹资和待遇调整机制 促进“三医”协同发展和治理2024-06-07 Speech by Zhang Kuanshou, member of the Standing Committee: Improve the basic medical insurance financing and benefit adjustment mechanism to promote the coordinated development and governance of the "three medical services" 2024-06-07
钱克明常委代表民盟中央的发言：畅通城乡要素流动 推进城乡融合发展2024-06-07 Speech by Qian Keming, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League: Smooth the flow of urban and rural factors and promote urban-rural integrated development 2024-06-07
程永波常委的发言：深耕农村金融沃土 夯实粮食安全根基2024-06-07 Speech by Cheng Yongbo, member of the Standing Committee: Deepen the fertile soil of rural finance and consolidate the foundation of food security 2024-06-07
张恩迪常委代表致公党中央的发言：加快自贸试验区制度创新 引领高水平对外开放2024-06-07 Speech by Zhang Endi, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the Central Committee of the Zhi Gong Party: Accelerate the institutional innovation of the free trade pilot zone and lead the high-level opening up 2024-06-07
高峰常委代表全国工商联的发言：发挥跨境电商优势 助力高水平对外开放2024-06-07 Speech by Gao Feng, member of the Standing Committee on behalf of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce: Give full play to the advantages of cross-border e-commerce and help high-level opening up 2024-06-07
蔡冠深常委的发言：推动香港国际化提质增效 为国家高水平对外开放服务 2024-06-07 Speech by Cai Guanshen, member of the Standing Committee: Promote the quality and efficiency of Hong Kong's internationalization and serve the country's high-level opening up
Many of these reflect themes raised in the bi-weekly consultation meetings held since the end of 2023 (see here for links). There is little by way of surprises. The major themes revolve around the "new" development of productive forces--these mark an evolution of the practice and focus of development of productive forces during the Era of Reform and Opening Up. These are reflected in the CPPCC's work recommendations ("Their suggestions included deepening market-orientated reform, building international and regional scientific and technological innovation centers in a holistic manner, furthering reform of the fiscal and tax systems and improving the data property rights system." (here)).
Wang Huning, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, said the CPPCC will make active contributions to developing a high-standard socialist market economy. Wang made the remarks at the closing meeting of the seventh session of the Standing Committee of the 14th CPPCC National Committee on Thursday. He noted that since the 18th CPC National Congress was held in 2012, the CPC leadership has prioritized upholding and improving the socialist market economy in deepening reform across the board, with a series of significant measures taken. With a focus on advancing Chinese modernization and refining the systems underpinning the market economy, the CPPCC should conduct in-depth research and consultation, enhance democratic oversight and build broad consensus to make suggestions on and contribute to developing a high-standard socialist market economy, Wang said. (here)
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The ideological bridge is the shift in the central contradiction focusing more on an integration of economic and social objectives as a center of a policy now increasingly built around notions of complex repeating patterns of hubs and spokes both internally and externally interlinking economic, social, cultural, and political objectives--all with the CPC at the center.
The 14 Recommendations follow below in the original Chinese and in crude English translation.
易纲常委的发言：完善社会主义市场经济体制的若干建议
2024-06-07
来源：人民政协报
改革开放以来，我国在构建社会主义市场经济体制方面取得了一系列重大成就。中共十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的中共中央对完善和发展社会主义市场经济作出一系列重要部署。不断推进市场化改革，使我国创造了持续多年的经济高速增长、社会长期稳定的人类奇迹。当前形势下，进一步完善社会主义市场经济体制面临新的挑战。为进一步完善社会主义市场经济体制，建议：
坚持深化市场化改革。理论和实践都证明，市场配置资源是最有效率的。要围绕“使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用”这一主线，深化市场化改革，重点是减少要素市场上妨碍产权保护、公平竞争的限制性措施，改进消费领域干预和限制自主消费的政策条款。政府作用应主要体现在维护公平竞争的市场环境、提供公共物品、应对市场失灵上。
坚持推进法治化建设。社会主义市场经济本质上是法治经济。在法治经济下，一方面企业和消费者这两大类微观主体要依法经营、依法纳税、依法消费；另一方面，政府行为也要在法治轨道上运行，依法做好宏观调控、市场监管、社会管理、公共服务等。政府治理要依法透明、恪守契约、公平公正，接受社会和舆论监督。
坚持高水平对外开放，利用好国内国际两个市场、两种资源。中国和世界历史充分证明，开放带来进步，封闭必然落后。坚持对外开放的基本国策，必须稳步扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境。中国改革开放和经济发展的奇迹正是在这一国际治理体系下实现的，也将为维护和完善这一体系作出更大贡献。
Speech by Yi Gang, member of the Standing Committee: Several suggestions for improving the socialist market economic system
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
Since the reform and opening up, my country has made a series of major achievements in building a socialist market economic system. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core has made a series of important arrangements for improving and developing the socialist market economy. The continuous promotion of market-oriented reforms has enabled my country to create a human miracle of sustained high economic growth and long-term social stability for many years. Under the current situation, further improving the socialist market economic system faces new challenges. To further improve the socialist market economic system, it is recommended that:
Adhere to deepening market-oriented reforms. Both theory and practice have proved that the market is the most efficient in allocating resources. We should deepen market-oriented reforms around the main line of "making the market play a decisive role in resource allocation and better play the role of the government", focusing on reducing restrictive measures that hinder property rights protection and fair competition in the factor market, and improving policy clauses that intervene in the consumption field and restrict autonomous consumption. The role of the government should be mainly reflected in maintaining a fair and competitive market environment, providing public goods, and responding to market failures.
Adhere to the promotion of the rule of law. The socialist market economy is essentially a rule of law economy. Under the rule of law economy, on the one hand, enterprises and consumers, two major types of micro-subjects, must operate, pay taxes and consume in accordance with the law; on the other hand, government behavior must also operate on the track of the rule of law, and do a good job in macro-control, market supervision, social management, public services, etc. in accordance with the law. Government governance must be transparent, abide by contracts, be fair and just, and accept social and public opinion supervision.
Adhere to high-level opening up to the outside world and make good use of the two domestic and international markets and two resources. Chinese and world history have fully proved that openness brings progress, and closure will inevitably lag behind. Adhering to the basic national policy of opening up to the outside world, it is necessary to steadily expand institutional opening up such as rules, regulations, management, and standards, and create a market-oriented, rule-of-law, and internationalized first-class business environment. The miracle of China's reform and opening up and economic development was achieved under this international governance system, and it will also make greater contributions to maintaining and improving this system.
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王志刚常委的发言：统筹推进国际和区域科技创新中心建设
2024-06-07来源：
科技是国家强盛之基、民族复兴之要，在推动社会生产力发展和现代化建设中发挥着关键作用。以习近平同志为核心的中共中央高度重视科技创新中心建设。中共二十大报告强调，统筹推进国际科技创新中心、区域科技创新中心建设，为我们提供了根本遵循。建议进一步统筹推进国际和区域科技创新中心建设，打造科技发展“先锋队”“王牌军”，发挥“头雁作用”，形成以科技创新促进新质生产力发展的“雁阵效应”。
向统筹要战力，突出科技创新体系的顶层设计。应进一步加强整体谋划、完善空间布局，集成重大科技基础设施、国家级科技创新基地平台和园区、重大科技项目等创新资源，强化央地协同，支持科技创新中心发挥自身优势、加强联动，形成强大战斗力，打赢关键核心技术攻坚战、未来制高点争夺战、产业升级持久战。
向改革要动力，突出科技创新体系的人才关键作用。应支持科技创新中心率先开展科技驱动的“教科人综合改革试点”，建立教育科技人才一体推进的制度政策、工作机制，以研究生教育改革、重大科技攻关任务为突破口，构建科技人才全链条培养使用新机制，夯实科技创新体系建设的人才基础，打造人才发展高地。
向开放要活力，突出以我为主、扩大国际科技合作。越是面临封锁打压，越要主动开放。应立足自身发展和安全需求，加强部门协调，支持科技创新中心对标世界先进标准，打造具有国际竞争力的开放创新生态，形成对全球顶尖人才的强大吸引力，主动布局并积极利用全球创新资源，深度参与“一带一路”科技创新行动计划。
Speech by Standing Committee Member Wang Zhigang: Coordinated promotion of the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
Science and technology are the foundation of national prosperity and the key to national rejuvenation, and play a key role in promoting the development of social productivity and modernization. The CPC Central Committee, with Comrade Xi Jinping as its core, attaches great importance to the construction of science and technology innovation centers. The report of the 20th CPC National Congress emphasized that the coordinated promotion of the construction of international science and technology innovation centers and regional science and technology innovation centers provides us with a fundamental guideline. It is recommended to further coordinate the construction of international and regional science and technology innovation centers, build a "vanguard" and "ace army" for science and technology development, play a "leading goose role", and form a "goose formation effect" to promote the development of new quality productivity through scientific and technological innovation.
We need to seek combat power from coordination and highlight the top-level design of the science and technology innovation system. We should further strengthen overall planning, improve spatial layout, integrate major scientific and technological infrastructure, national-level science and technology innovation base platforms and parks, major scientific and technological projects and other innovative resources, strengthen central-local coordination, support science and technology innovation centers to give full play to their own advantages, strengthen linkage, form a strong combat effectiveness, and win the battle of key core technologies, the battle for future commanding heights, and the protracted battle of industrial upgrading.
We need to seek momentum from reform and highlight the key role of talents in the science and technology innovation system. We should support the science and technology innovation centers to take the lead in carrying out the "comprehensive reform pilot of education, science and people" driven by science and technology, establish institutional policies and working mechanisms for the integrated promotion of education, science and technology talents, take the reform of graduate education and major scientific and technological tasks as breakthroughs, build a new mechanism for the cultivation and use of scientific and technological talents in the whole chain, consolidate the talent foundation for the construction of the science and technology innovation system, and create a highland for talent development.
We should seek vitality from opening up, highlight self-reliance and expand international scientific and technological cooperation. The more we face blockades and suppression, the more we should take the initiative to open up. We should base ourselves on our own development and security needs, strengthen departmental coordination, support science and technology innovation centers to benchmark the world's advanced standards, create an open innovation ecosystem with international competitiveness, form a strong attraction for the world's top talents, take the initiative to plan and actively use global innovation resources, and deeply participate in the "Belt and Road" science and technology innovation action plan.
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张连起常委的发言：深化财税体制改革 推进统一大市场建设
2024-06-07来源：人民政协报
谋划包括新一轮财税体制改革在内的进一步全面深化改革，既是中共十八届三中全会以来全面深化改革的实践续篇，也是新征程推进中国式现代化的时代新篇。为此建议：
以推动高质量发展、维护市场统一、促进社会公平、提高财税治理能力、推进中国式现代化为目标，谋划新一轮财税体制改革。立足世界产业变革、技术革命与我国高质量发展的历史交汇点，坚持系统思维、守正创新、问题导向、先立后破，既要解决短期面临的宏观税负持续下行、财政紧平衡、地方政府债务风险上升等问题，更要站在国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的高度，充分调动中央和地方、企业和社会各方面积极性，重塑激励约束制度，把握效率和公平的平衡。
消除地方保护和市场分割的深层次堵点，扫清建设全国统一大市场的关键阻碍。严格落实税收法定、税制统一原则，尽快填平“税收洼地”“政策洼地”。规范政府采购程序，不得以限定投标人所在地、所有制形式、组织形式设置不合理条件、排斥或限制经营者参与政府采购活动、妨碍市场准入和退出等。严肃纠治干扰地区间要素自由流动和资源有效配置等现象。
进一步厘清政府与市场关系，完善事权、支出责任和财力相适应的财税体制。保持中央收入占比处于合理区间，为应对系统性风险提供坚实的财力基础。深化省以下财政体制改革，强化省级事权和支出责任。合理配置地方税权，理顺税费关系，逐步建立规范、稳定、可持续的地方税体系。
支持增进民生福祉，让全体人民共享发展成果。新一轮财税体制改革要办好人民群众可感可及的实事，腾挪出更多财政资源用于教育、医疗、养老、托育、社保等民生领域，在发展中稳步提升民生保障水平，持续增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感。
Speech by Standing Committee Member Zhang Lianqi: Deepen fiscal and taxation system reform and promote the construction of a unified market
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
Planning for further comprehensive deepening of reforms, including a new round of fiscal and taxation system reforms, is not only a practical sequel to the comprehensive deepening of reforms since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, but also a new chapter in the era of promoting Chinese-style modernization in the new journey. To this end, it is recommended that:
Plan a new round of fiscal and taxation system reforms with the goal of promoting high-quality development, maintaining market unity, promoting social equity, improving fiscal and taxation governance capabilities, and promoting Chinese-style modernization. Based on the historical intersection of world industrial transformation, technological revolution and my country's high-quality development, adhere to systematic thinking, adhere to innovation, problem orientation, and establish before breaking. It is necessary to solve the problems of continued downward macro tax burden, tight fiscal balance, and rising local government debt risks in the short term, and stand at the height of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities. Fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the central and local governments, enterprises and all aspects of society, reshape the incentive and constraint system, and grasp the balance between efficiency and fairness.
Eliminate the deep-seated blockages of local protectionism and market segmentation, and clear the key obstacles to building a unified national market. Strictly implement the principles of statutory taxation and unified tax system, and fill the "tax depression" and "policy depression" as soon as possible. Standardize government procurement procedures, and do not set unreasonable conditions by limiting the location, ownership form, and organizational form of bidders, exclude or restrict operators from participating in government procurement activities, or hinder market access and exit. Seriously rectify phenomena that interfere with the free flow of factors and effective resource allocation between regions.
Further clarify the relationship between the government and the market, and improve the fiscal and taxation system that is compatible with power, expenditure responsibility, and financial resources. Keep the proportion of central revenue in a reasonable range to provide a solid financial foundation for responding to systemic risks. Deepen the reform of the fiscal system below the provincial level and strengthen provincial power and expenditure responsibility. Rationally allocate local tax powers, straighten out the relationship between taxes and fees, and gradually establish a standardized, stable, and sustainable local tax system.
Support the improvement of people's livelihood and welfare, and let all people share the fruits of development. The new round of fiscal and taxation system reform should do practical things that are tangible and accessible to the people, free up more fiscal resources for education, medical care, elderly care, childcare, social security and other livelihood areas, steadily improve the level of people's livelihood security in development, and continuously enhance the people's sense of gain, happiness, and security.
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江尔雄常委代表台盟中央的发言：建立健全数据产权制度 促进数据要素高效流通
2024-06-07
来源：人民政协报
近年来，数据要素作为数字经济的核心生产要素，已成为国家基础性和战略性资源。2022年以来，中共中央、国务院出台了《关于构建数据基础制度 更好发挥数据要素作用的意见》（即“数据二十条”）等重要政策文件，逐步形成具有中国特色的数据产权制度体系。
针对当前数据要素流通仍面临的困难，建议：
健全法制体系，促进数据资产确权有法可依。一方面，落实落细“数据二十条”产权制度框架，对数据要素价值链中“原始数据—数据资源—数据产品—数据资产”各环节涉及的相关主体进行立法确权，加快研究制定“数权法”，形成数据产权保护支撑；另一方面，参照知识产权法对于著作权、专利权的保护条款，加强数据知识产权保护。
加强分级分类，促进数据流通规则有章可循。公共数据、企业数据和个人数据来源、属性、价值各不相同，应制定不同领域、区域数据要素分级分类办法。对于公共数据，可采取“负面清单”形式，划定不可进入加工应用和流通交易环节明细，清单外的公共数据加大开放共享力度。对于企业数据，应加强正面激励，授权行业协会和龙头企业编制企业数据要素分级分类采集、评估、赋值办法和目录，为企业数据要素进入流通交易环节提供依据。对于个人数据要更多关注个人信息保护及安全，避免个人隐私暴露风险和引发社会舆情风险。
坚持应用牵引，促进数字技术运用有的放矢。通过政府购买服务、股权投资等形式，支持企业和科研机构开展公共数据开发研究和运营。支持开展数据资产管理、结算交付等业务，建立全链条数据要素市场机制，推动数据要素与实体经济深度融合，构建工业制造、现代农业、商贸流通、科技创新等领域的数据场景，最大限度释放数据要素潜力。
Speech by Jiang Erxiong, member of the Standing Committee, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League: Establish and improve the data property rights system to promote the efficient circulation of data elements
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
In recent years, data elements, as the core production factors of the digital economy, have become the country's basic and strategic resources. Since 2022, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued important policy documents such as "Opinions on Building a Data Basic System to Better Play the Role of Data Elements" (i.e. "Twenty Data Articles"), and gradually formed a data property rights system with Chinese characteristics.
In view of the difficulties that the current circulation of data elements still faces, it is recommended that:
Improve the legal system and promote the confirmation of data assets with laws to follow. On the one hand, implement the "Twenty Data Articles" property rights system framework in detail, legislate and confirm the rights of relevant entities involved in each link of the data element value chain of "original data-data resources-data products-data assets", accelerate the research and formulation of the "Digital Rights Law", and form a support for data property rights protection; on the other hand, refer to the protection clauses of the Intellectual Property Law for copyrights and patents, and strengthen data intellectual property protection.
Strengthen classification and classification to promote the rules of data circulation. Public data, enterprise data and personal data have different sources, attributes and values. We should formulate methods for grading and classifying data elements in different fields and regions. For public data, a "negative list" can be adopted to define the details of the processing, application and circulation and trading links that cannot be entered, and the public data outside the list should be more open and shared. For enterprise data, positive incentives should be strengthened, and industry associations and leading enterprises should be authorized to compile methods and catalogs for the grading and classification of enterprise data elements, so as to provide a basis for enterprise data elements to enter the circulation and trading links. For personal data, more attention should be paid to the protection and security of personal information to avoid the risk of personal privacy exposure and the risk of triggering social public opinion.
Adhere to application traction and promote the targeted use of digital technology. Through government procurement of services, equity investment and other forms, support enterprises and scientific research institutions to carry out public data development, research and operation. Support the development of data asset management, settlement and delivery and other businesses, establish a full-chain data element market mechanism, promote the deep integration of data elements with the real economy, build data scenarios in the fields of industrial manufacturing, modern agriculture, commercial circulation, scientific and technological innovation, and maximize the potential of data elements.
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解冬常委代表民建中央的发言：加强财政金融政策协调性 促进消费投资良性循环
2024-06-07来源：人民政协报
我国正处于消费投资转型升级的关键时期，更加需要财政金融政策同向发力、形成合力。当前宏观政策在协调消费投资需求方面还存在以下不足：缺乏系统有效的促消费政策体系，对消费需求刺激效果不明显；财政金融政策工具在促投资上存在挤出效应；财政金融政策在支持民营中小企业方面合力不足；财政金融政策的实施对商业银行依赖度提高，银行资本补充压力随之增大。为此建议：
加快构建促进消费的宏观政策体系。要健全消费政策实施框架，明确消费政策目标、工具、评估、传导机制与治理架构等一系列原则，形成稳定可预期的消费政策。要明确财政金融政策在促进消费方面的分工。财政政策要侧重优化收入分配结构、完善社会保障，金融政策要侧重解决居民合理消费信贷的覆盖率问题，创设更多满足新市民、新需求的金融产品。要加强中央消费政策与地方消费政策衔接，鼓励各地因地制宜出台消费政策，推动央地形成合力。
加快明确财政金融政策在支持投资上的分工定位，提升政策协调性。要完善专项债、政策性银行贷款、特别国债的使用管理办法，鼓励优先使用政策性金融工具进行基础设施投资，支持运用专项债撬动更广泛的民生领域投资。要围绕大规模设备更新和技术改造行动，加大财政金融政策支持的协同力度。
提升财政金融政策支持民营经济的协同性。特别是在民营中小企业科技化、数字化、绿色化转型等重点领域，发挥好财政金融政策合力，充分运用财政贴息、政府性融资担保机制等，有效提升民营中小企业获得优惠利率贷款的比例。
提升商业银行对财政货币政策的承接能力。要指导商业银行加强资产负债管理，合理调整贷款和债券投资结构，充分发挥国有商业银行在购买政府性债券方面的带头作用。要根据资产规模、盈利能力等指标，加强对中小银行资本补充的指导，进一步拓宽中小银行资本补充渠道，有效防范风险。
Standing Committee member Jie Dong's speech on behalf of the Central Committee of the China Democratic National Construction Association: Strengthen the coordination of fiscal and financial policies to promote a virtuous cycle of consumption and investment
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
my country is in a critical period of transformation and upgrading of consumption and investment, and it is even more necessary for fiscal and financial policies to work in the same direction and form a joint force. The current macroeconomic policies still have the following shortcomings in coordinating consumption and investment demand: there is a lack of a systematic and effective policy system to promote consumption, and the effect of stimulating consumer demand is not obvious; fiscal and financial policy tools have a crowding-out effect on promoting investment; fiscal and financial policies are insufficient in supporting private small and medium-sized enterprises; the implementation of fiscal and financial policies has increased its dependence on commercial banks, and the pressure on banks to supplement capital has increased accordingly. For this reason, it is recommended:
Accelerate the construction of a macroeconomic policy system to promote consumption. It is necessary to improve the implementation framework of consumption policies, clarify a series of principles such as consumption policy goals, tools, evaluation, transmission mechanisms and governance structures, and form a stable and predictable consumption policy. It is necessary to clarify the division of labor of fiscal and financial policies in promoting consumption. Fiscal policy should focus on optimizing the income distribution structure and improving social security, while financial policy should focus on solving the coverage problem of reasonable consumer credit for residents and creating more financial products that meet new citizens and new needs. It is necessary to strengthen the connection between central and local consumer policies, encourage local governments to introduce consumer policies according to local conditions, and promote the formation of joint forces between the central and local governments.
Accelerate the clarification of the division of labor and positioning of fiscal and financial policies in supporting investment and improve policy coordination. It is necessary to improve the management methods for the use of special bonds, policy bank loans, and special treasury bonds, encourage the priority use of policy financial instruments for infrastructure investment, and support the use of special bonds to leverage a wider range of investments in people's livelihood. It is necessary to increase the coordination of fiscal and financial policy support around large-scale equipment renewal and technological transformation actions.
Improve the coordination of fiscal and financial policy support for the private economy. In particular, in key areas such as the technological, digital, and green transformation of private small and medium-sized enterprises, give full play to the joint efforts of fiscal and financial policies, make full use of fiscal interest subsidies, government financing guarantee mechanisms, etc., and effectively increase the proportion of private small and medium-sized enterprises that obtain preferential interest rate loans.
Improve the ability of commercial banks to undertake fiscal and monetary policies. We should guide commercial banks to strengthen asset-liability management, rationally adjust the structure of loans and bond investments, and give full play to the leading role of state-owned commercial banks in purchasing government bonds. We should strengthen guidance on capital replenishment for small and medium-sized banks based on indicators such as asset size and profitability, further broaden the channels for capital replenishment for small and medium-sized banks, and effectively prevent risks.
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张震宇常委代表民进中央的发言：优化民营经济发展环境 激发民间投资活力
2024-06-07
来源：人民政协报
当前民营企业发展的营商环境总体有所改进，但仍需系统发力、久久为功。为此建议：
以理论创新提振民营经济发展信心。激发民间投资活力，要发挥理论的引领保障作用。应加强实践基础上的理论创新，科学回答新时代民营经济发展的重大理论、实践问题，明确民营经济在社会主义市场经济中的定位。应加强正面宣传和舆论引导，旗帜鲜明支持民营经济发展，积极引导社会正确认识民营经济的重大贡献和重要作用，正确看待民营经济人士通过合法合规经营获得的财富，让民营企业和民营企业家真正感受到是“自己人”，吃上“定心丸”，提振发展的信心、决心和恒心。
持续优化民营经济发展环境。激发民间投资活力，最关键的是要优化发展环境。要从企业实际需求出发，加快打造市场化、法治化、国际化的营商环境，完善产权保护、市场准入、公平竞争、社会信用等基础制度。要加快民营经济促进法立法进程，推动不同所有制企业平等使用要素、公平参与竞争、同等保护产权。要杜绝选择性执法、“自证清白”式监管，让民营企业心无旁骛做强实业。要完善政府诚信履约机制，积极推动各级党委和政府信守承诺、“新官理旧账”，清理政府欠款。
着力解决民营企业急难愁盼问题。激发民间投资活力，必须让民营企业“有得有感”。要建立长期、常态沟通交流机制，全面了解各类民营企业面临的难点、堵点、痛点，及时把企业的“忧心事”转化为政府的“案头事”。建立问题协调解决机制，对民营企业在调结构、转方式、加大研发投入以及用工、用能、用款、用地中面临的实际困难，形成收集、会商、办理、反馈、跟踪问效的工作闭环，加强条块统筹，协调解决制约民营经济发展的急难愁盼问题，推动更多惠企政策“免申即享”“直达快享”。鼓励各方面组织开展金融服务民营经济专项调研，促进金融机构更好为民营企业服务。
Speech by Zhang Zhenyu, member of the Standing Committee, on behalf of the Central Committee of the China Democratic League: Optimizing the development environment of the private economy and stimulating the vitality of private investment
2024-06-07
Source: People's Political Consultative Conference Daily
The current business environment for the development of private enterprises has generally improved, but it still requires systematic efforts and long-term efforts. For this reason, it is recommended:
Boost confidence in the development of the private economy with theoretical innovation. To stimulate the vitality of private investment, the guiding and guaranteeing role of theory should be brought into play. Theoretical innovation based on practice should be strengthened, major theoretical and practical issues in the development of the private economy in the new era should be scientifically answered, and the positioning of the private economy in the socialist market economy should be clarified. Positive publicity and public opinion guidance should be strengthened, and a clear-cut stand should be made to support the development of the private economy, actively guide the society to correctly understand the major contributions and important role of the private economy, and correctly view the wealth obtained by private economic people through legal and compliant operations, so that private enterprises and private entrepreneurs can truly feel that they are "their own people", take "reassurance pills", and boost confidence, determination and perseverance in development.
Continuously optimize the development environment of the private economy. To stimulate the vitality of private investment, the most important thing is to optimize the development environment. We should start from the actual needs of enterprises, speed up the creation of a market-oriented, law-based and internationalized business environment, and improve basic systems such as property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit. We should speed up the legislative process of the law to promote the private economy, and promote enterprises of different ownerships to use factors equally, participate in competition fairly, and protect property rights equally. We should put an end to selective law enforcement and "self-innocence" supervision, so that private enterprises can focus on strengthening the real industry. We should improve the government's integrity and fulfillment mechanism, actively promote party committees and governments at all levels to keep their promises, "new officials settle old accounts", and clear government debts.
Focus on solving the urgent problems of private enterprises. To stimulate the vitality of private investment, private enterprises must be "gained and felt". We should establish a long-term and normal communication mechanism to fully understand the difficulties, bottlenecks, and pain points faced by various types of private enterprises, and promptly transform the "worries" of enterprises into the "desktop matters" of the government. Establish a problem coordination and resolution mechanism to form a closed loop of collection, consultation, handling, feedback, and follow-up and effectiveness of the actual difficulties faced by private enterprises in adjusting their structures, changing their modes of production, increasing their R&D investment, and in employing workers, energy, funds, and land. Strengthen the overall coordination of departments and blocks, coordinate and resolve the urgent, difficult, and anxious issues that restrict the development of the private economy, and promote more preferential policies for enterprises to be "enjoyed without application" and "enjoyed directly and quickly". Encourage all parties to organize special surveys on financial services for the private economy and promote financial institutions to better serve private enterprises.
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