Pix Credit: "We are All Public Intellectuals Now" |
Like public intellectuals everywhere, German public intellectuals enjoy the momentary limelight of the public intellectual (see here). It is a phenomenon made quite fashionable by the French about a generation ago (e.g., Pierre Bourdieu, 'The Corporatism of the Universal: The Role of Intellectuals in the Modern World,' Telos 81:99-110 (1989)); and also long embraced by academically conceptually cocooned academic intellectuals in Mitteleupropa as a means of grappling with ghosts on the right and rationalizing-avoiding the perditions of the left through the lens of a shifting fantasy center. But the itch has also long been scratched by the more programmatically minded and politically ambitious set in the Anglo-American world, whose reward is to be petted by those in power and the ability to pretend, if only for an an instant, that they are like their masters. In some respects, and again following the lead of French sociology, this appears to be the product of the marriage of a profound skepticism of the value of journalism to correctly curate public opinion in liberal democratic states (along with the recognition of their power to do just that; Pierre Bourdieu, 'Public Opinion Does not Exist' 1972), aligned with a sense that intellectuals must exploit that technology as a vanguard to appropriately guide the masses ("What must be invented today are forms of organization which permit the creation of a voice for a large collective of intellectuals, combining the talents of the ensemble of specific intellectuals" (Bourdieu supra 1989, 108). In the American context, of course, the trajectories of the public intellectual is almost pure bathos choking on its own populist elitism (Cf., "We are All Public Intellectuals Now").
The Russo-Ukrainian War has provided a grand opportunity for the sort of performance--in public--of the intellectual. It is one that has allowed them the appearance of a foray out from their well protected bubbles and into the world of flesh, of blood, of wealth, and of violence. But it is also one that permits the public intellectual to use these facts as avatars for the purpose of mobilizing public opinion in liberal democratic states and thus insert themselves, from a distance, into the political life of the nation. In this they may seek to mimic the great economic enterprises, the powerful non-governmental organizations, and the state security and propaganda organs of domestic and foreign governments, friendly or otherwise.
To that end, German intellectuals, academics and otherwise, sometimes use the mechanism of an "open letter" suitably published in some friendly or strategically interested press organ. Since the start of the Russo-Ukraine war, this modality of mobilization and narrative making has been used several times (see, here, and here) and then sometimes also by intellectuals from the center of the zone of combat and also circulated in German press organs (see, e.g., here). Many if these forays into discourse have taken a position that aligns with a position that advocates response of some kind against Russia and to aid Ukraine.Much of this is of course formulated and digested through the lens of the history of the last several centuries and its climax in the period 1914-1989.
It is thus with some interest that it may be work considering the recently posted open letter from a group of intellectuals seeking to mobilize opinion toward a different end--the choking off of the capacity of Ukraine to wage a defensive campaign against the Russian invasion. Berliner Zeitung: Offener Brief fordert von Scholz Stopp der Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine (Berliner Zeitung: "Open letter calls for Scholz to stop arms deliveries to Ukraine").
That is urged in the hopes of minimizing the damage to the human and physical capital housed in Ukraine for the exploitation of however is ultimately (via negotiation apparently at the point of a barrel of a (Russian) gun) to be effectuated between two secondary imperial hubs--that centered in elite networks in Berlin and those centered somewhere between St Petersburg and Moscow. It is certainly an interesting perspective from the point of view of husbanding productive resources for the exploitation by someone; though in this case it appears anyone may do. Its imagery invoked by the reference to „unverteidigten Städten“ (roughly open cities) invokes Paris in 1940, or Manila in 1941, more than Odessa in 2022. And indeed, one might well have read a variation of this in French newspapers immediately after Dunkirk from from the South of France. Yet at its heart, what appears to be a central concern--mimicking that of the Americans--is to keep German hands clean and avoid being "dragged" into a war:"Mit der Lieferung von Waffen haben sich Deutschland und weitere NATO-Staaten de facto zur Kriegspartei gemacht. Und somit ist die Ukraine auch zum Schlachtfeld für den sich seit Jahren zuspitzenden Konflikt zwischen der NATO und Russland über die Sicherheitsordnung in Europa geworden." ("By supplying weapons, Germany and other NATO countries have de facto made themselves a war party. And so Ukraine has also become the battlefield for the conflict between NATO and Russia over the security order in Europe, which has been escalating for years.") (Offener Brief)
More important, perhaps, is the practical calculus that then gives volume to the lofty principles meant to be furthered by the proposals embedded in the Offener Brief.
"Trotz zwischenzeitlicher Erfolgsmeldungen der ukrainischen Armee: Sie ist der russischen weit unterlegen und hat kaum eine Chance, diesen Krieg zu gewinnen. Der Preis eines längeren militärischen Widerstands wird ‒ unabhängig von einem möglichen Erfolg ‒ noch mehr zerstörte Städte und Dörfer und noch größere Opfer unter der ukrainischen Bevölkerung sein. Waffenlieferungen und militärische Unterstützung durch die NATO verlängern den Krieg und rücken eine diplomatische Lösung in weite Ferne." ("Despite reports of success from the Ukrainian army in the meantime: it is far inferior to the Russian one and has little chance of winning this war. The price of prolonged military resistance, regardless of possible success, will be more destroyed towns and villages and more casualties among the Ukrainian population. Deliveries of arms and military support from NATO prolong the war and make a diplomatic solution a long way off.") (Offener Brief)Why, indeed, through good money after bad if it will also incur the wrath of an antagonist that is in no danger of disappearing any time soon? There are all sorts of odd premises and miscalculation built into this, the heart of the argument: conceptions of the calculus of victory (how quickly the strategies of national liberation movements are forgotten); the valuation of arms supplies to hobble an antagonist second order state; and though treated as an afterthought, the calculus of the other side of the proxy war taking place in the Ukraine--if the Ukraine has the US-EU, Russia has China. China indeed is treated--in the usual European manner of certain intellectual circles, as an afterthought. These intellectuals continue to appear to believe that the Russian ox drives its Chinese master, a master who remains oblivious and shrouded in a mysterious unfathomable Asian mist that Europeans appear uincapable of penetrating (see here).
It is also a particularly interesting position for the way it situates, not just violence, but also the way it theorizes negotiation. For a long time time, negotiation appears to have has been undergoing a sort of intellectual transformation, from an action with object, to a fetish and a performance. Indeed, the Letter clearly states the aims of a negotiation--a performance that will lead to a pre-negotiated result (probably the reason why some recoil at the theatre of the absurd that negotiation has morphed into):
"Die bereits von Präsident Selenskyi ins Gespräch gebrachten Angebote an Moskau ‒ mögliche Neutralität, Einigung über die Anerkennung der Krim und Referenden über den zukünftigen Status der Donbass-Republiken ‒ bieten dazu eine reelle Chance." ("The offers to Moscow already discussed by President Zelenskyi - possible neutrality, agreement on the recognition of Crimea and referendums on the future status of the Donbass republics - offer a real chance to do so.") (Offener Brief)Negotiation here, then, is fetish: the legitimating performance of a done deal, one in which the object of this negotiation plays only a secondary role. But more than that, it is grounded on the asymmetries of rationality grounded in the strategic deployment of (in)security (see here). Here Chinese conceptualization of the indivisible security premise is married to the valuation of security where the concept is framed from the baseline of paranoia.
But that does seem to be the way of Post-Global Empire. And yet it is, in the form of this letter, an act of intellectual lèse majesté--if one follows the rules of Empire in the post global--yet one that falls nicely within the patterns of intellectual cat fighting in the West. In that context, of course, German intellectuals would have to defer to the needs and inclinations of the superior authority, even within intellectual circles, of the apex authority and the core of leadership of the liberal democratic empire. And that center does does reside in Berlin, or Brussels--it resides (even if for the moment in challenging way for American dependencies) in Washington. Even intellectuals sometimes bend the knee to power. Now that would be a quite interesting topic for an Open Letter--the negotiation of an orthodox position for intellectuals in a first tier dependent territory. And it would being the logic of the Offener Brief home.
And yet, again, what is brought home, given the coverage of this Offener Brief, is the power of the insights of the public intellectual in the West. Taken as a whole, the Offener Brief does not amount to much in the course of the policy discussion of the political and economic vanguards who are running this conflict. And yet, as a device for the mobilization of public opinion--for its creation--and as amplified for that purpose by its coverage, the Offener Brief has managed to leverage itself into some prominence, at least of a nanosecond in German public life, and perhaps longer behind closed doors.
The text of the Berliner Zeitung: Offener Brief fordert von Scholz Stopp der Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine (Berliner Zeitung: "Open letter calls for Scholz to stop arms deliveries to Ukraine") appears in the original German and in a crude translation that may not do full justice to the original text.
Ukraine-Krieg :Offener Brief fordert von Scholz Stopp der Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine
Ein offener Brief, der unterzeichnet wurde von Daniela Dahn und Konstantin Wecker, fordert den Stopp der Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine.
Artikel anhörenAngesichts wachsenden Drucks auf Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz, der Forderung nach Lieferung schwerer Waffen an die Ukraine nachzukommen, hat sich ein Kreis von Persönlichkeiten aus Wissenschaft, Politik, Kultur und anderen Bereichen der Zivilgesellschaft in einem offenen Brief an den Kanzler gewandt.
Darin fordern sie, die Waffenlieferungen an die ukrainischen Truppen einzustellen und die Regierung in Kiew zu ermutigen, den militärischen Widerstand ‒ gegen die Zusicherung von Verhandlungen über einen Waffenstillstand und eine politische Lösung ‒ zu beenden.
Die UnterzeichnerInnen kritisieren, dass mit der Lieferung von Waffen sich Deutschland und weitere Nato-Staaten de facto zur Kriegspartei gemacht hätten und warnen vor einer atomaren Eskalation.
Waffenlieferungen und militärische Unterstützung durch die NATO würden den Krieg verlängern und eine diplomatische Lösung in weite Ferne rücken. Der Preis eines längeren militärischen Widerstands wären ‒ unabhängig von einem möglichen Erfolg ‒ noch mehr zerstörte Städte und Dörfer und noch größere Opfer unter der ukrainischen Bevölkerung.
Mit ihrer Initiative wollen die UnterzeichnerInnen auch ein Signal an die Mitglieder des Bundestages senden, die kommende Woche voraussichtlich über weitere Waffenlieferungen an die Ukraine beraten werden. Hier der offene Brief im Wortlaut.
Sehr geehrter Herr Bundeskanzler Scholz,
wir sind Menschen unterschiedlicher Herkunft, politischer Einstellungen und Positionen gegenüber der Politik der NATO, Russlands und der Bundesregierung. Wir alle verurteilen zutiefst diesen durch nichts zu rechtfertigenden Krieg Russlands in der Ukraine. Uns eint, dass wir gemeinsam vor einer unbeherrschbaren Ausweitung des Krieges mit unabsehbaren Folgen für die gesamte Welt warnen und uns gegen eine Verlängerung des Krieges und Blutvergießens mit Waffenlieferungen einsetzen.
Mit der Lieferung von Waffen haben sich Deutschland und weitere NATO-Staaten de facto zur Kriegspartei gemacht. Und somit ist die Ukraine auch zum Schlachtfeld für den sich seit Jahren zuspitzenden Konflikt zwischen der NATO und Russland über die Sicherheitsordnung in Europa geworden.
Dieser brutale Krieg mitten in Europa wird auf dem Rücken der ukrainischen Bevölkerung ausgetragen. Der nun entfesselte Wirtschaftskrieg gefährdet gleichzeitig die Versorgung der Menschen in Russland und vieler armer Länder weltweit.
Berichte über Kriegsverbrechen häufen sich. Auch wenn sie unter den herrschenden Bedingungen schwer zu verifizieren sind, so ist davon auszugehen, dass in diesem Krieg, wie in anderen zuvor, Gräueltaten begangen werden und die Brutalität mit seiner Dauer zunimmt. Ein Grund mehr, ihn rasch zu beenden.
Der Krieg birgt die reale Gefahr einer Ausweitung und nicht mehr zu kontrollierenden militärischen Eskalation ‒ ähnlich der im Ersten Weltkrieg. Es werden Rote Linien gezogen, die dann von Akteuren und Hasardeuren auf beiden Seiten übertreten werden, und die Spirale ist wieder eine Stufe weiter. Wenn Verantwortung tragende Menschen wie Sie, sehr geehrter Herr Bundeskanzler, diese Entwicklung nicht stoppen, steht am Ende wieder der ganz große Krieg. Nur diesmal mit Atomwaffen, weitreichender Verwüstung und dem Ende der menschlichen Zivilisation. Die Vermeidung von immer mehr Opfern, Zerstörungen und einer weiteren gefährlichen Eskalation muss daher absoluten Vorrang haben.
Trotz zwischenzeitlicher Erfolgsmeldungen der ukrainischen Armee: Sie ist der russischen weit unterlegen und hat kaum eine Chance, diesen Krieg zu gewinnen. Der Preis eines längeren militärischen Widerstands wird ‒ unabhängig von einem möglichen Erfolg ‒ noch mehr zerstörte Städte und Dörfer und noch größere Opfer unter der ukrainischen Bevölkerung sein. Waffenlieferungen und militärische Unterstützung durch die NATO verlängern den Krieg und rücken eine diplomatische Lösung in weite Ferne.
Es ist richtig, die Forderung „Die Waffen nieder!“ in erste Linie an die russische Seite zu stellen. Doch müssen gleichzeitig weitere Schritte unternommen werden, das Blutvergießen und die Vertreibung der Menschen so schnell wie möglich zu beenden.
So bitter das Zurückweichen vor völkerrechtswidriger Gewalt auch ist, es ist die einzig realistische und humane Alternative zu einem langen zermürbenden Krieg. Der erste und wichtigste Schritt dazu wäre ein Stopp aller Waffenlieferungen in die Ukraine, verbunden mit einem auszuhandelnden sofortigen Waffenstillstand.
Wir fordern daher die Bundesregierung, die EU- und NATO-Staaten auf, die Waffenlieferungen an die ukrainischen Truppen einzustellen und die Regierung in Kiew zu ermutigen, den militärischen Widerstand ‒ gegen die Zusicherung von Verhandlungen über einen Waffenstillstand und eine politische Lösung ‒ zu beenden. Die bereits von Präsident Selenskyi ins Gespräch gebrachten Angebote an Moskau ‒ mögliche Neutralität, Einigung über die Anerkennung der Krim und Referenden über den zukünftigen Status der Donbass-Republiken ‒ bieten dazu eine reelle Chance.
Verhandlungen über den raschen Rückzug der russischen Truppen und die Wiederherstellung der territorialen Integrität der Ukraine sollten durch eigene Vorschläge der NATO-Staaten bezüglich berechtigter Sicherheitsinteressen Russlands und seinen Nachbarstaaten unterstützt werden.
Um jetzt weitere massive Zerstörungen der Städte so schnell wie möglich zu stoppen und Waffenstillstandsverhandlungen zu beschleunigen, sollte die Bundesregierung anregen, dass sich die derzeit belagerten, am meisten gefährdeten und bisher weitgehend unzerstörten Städte, wie Kiew, Charkiw und Odessa zu „unverteidigten Städten“ gemäß dem I. Zusatzprotokoll des Genfer Abkommen von 1949 erklären. Durch das bereits in der Haager Landkriegsordnung definierte Konzept konnten im Zweiten Weltkrieg zahlreiche Städte ihre Verwüstung verhindern.
Die vorherrschende Kriegslogik muss durch eine mutige Friedenslogik ersetzt und eine neue europäische und globale Friedensarchitektur unter Einschluss Russlands und Chinas geschaffen werden. Unser Land darf hier nicht am Rand stehen, sondern muss eine aktive Rolle einnehmen.
Hochachtungsvoll,
PD Dr. Johannes M. Becker, Politologe, ehem. Geschäftsführer des Zentrums für Konfliktforschung in Marburg
Daniela Dahn, Journalistin, Schriftstellerin und Publizistin, Pen-Mitglied
Dr. Rolf Gössner, Rechtsanwalt und Publizist, Internationale Liga für Menschenrechte
Jürgen Grässlin, Bundessprecher DFG-VK und Aktion Aufschrei ‒ Stoppt den Waffenhandel!
Joachim Guilliard, Publizist
Dr. Luc Jochimsen, Journalistin, Fernsehredakteurin, MdB 2005-2013
Christoph Krämer, Chirurg, Internationale Ärzte für die Verhütung des Atomkrieges IPPNW (deutsche Sektion)
Prof. Dr. Karin Kulow, Politikwissenschaftlerin
Dr. Helmut Lohrer, Arzt, International Councilor, IPPNW (deutsche Sektion)
Prof. Dr. Mohssen Massarrat, Politik- und Wirtschaftswissenschaftler
Dr. Hans Misselwitz, Grundwertekommission der SPD
Ruth Misselwitz, evangelische Theologin, ehem. Vorsitzende von Aktion Sühnezeichen
FriedensdiensteProf. Dr. Norman Paech, Völkerrechtler, ehem. Mitglied des Deutschen Bundestages
Prof. Dr. Werner Ruf, Politikwissenschaftler und Soziologe
Prof. Dr. Gert Sommer, Psychologe, ehem. Direktoriummitglied des Zentrums für
Konfliktforschung in MarburgHans Christoph Graf von Sponeck, ehem. Beigeordneter Generalsekretär der UNO
Dr. Antje Vollmer, ehem. Vizepräsidentin des Deutschen Bundestages
Konstantin Wecker, Musiker, Komponist und Autor
Ukraine War :
Open letter calls for Scholz to stop arms deliveries to Ukraine
An open letter signed by Daniela Dahn and Konstantin Wecker calls for a halt to arms deliveries to Ukraine.
BLZ/kuri, April 22, 2022 - 11:21 a.m
listen to the article
Reuters/Pool
Chancellor Olaf Scholz
In view of the growing pressure on Chancellor Olaf Scholz to meet the demand for the delivery of heavy weapons to Ukraine, a group of personalities from science, politics, culture and other areas of civil society have written an open letter to the Chancellor.
In it, they called for a halt to arms supplies to Ukrainian troops and to encourage the government in Kyiv to end military resistance against promises of negotiations for a ceasefire and a political solution.
The undersigned criticize that with the delivery of weapons Germany and other NATO countries have de facto made themselves a war party and warn against a nuclear escalation.
Deliveries of arms and military support from NATO would prolong the war and make a diplomatic solution a long way off. Regardless of success, the price of prolonged military resistance would be more destroyed towns and villages and more casualties among the Ukrainian population.
With their initiative, the signatories also want to send a signal to the members of the Bundestag, who are expected to discuss further arms deliveries to Ukraine in the coming week. Here is the full text of the open letter.Dear Chancellor Scholz,
we are people of different origins, political attitudes and positions towards the politics of NATO, Russia and the federal government. We all deeply condemn this unjustifiable war by Russia in Ukraine. We are united in warning against an uncontrollable escalation of the war with unforeseeable consequences for the entire world and in opposing a prolongation of the war and bloodshed with arms deliveries.
By supplying weapons, Germany and other NATO countries have de facto made themselves a war party. And so Ukraine has also become the battlefield for the conflict between NATO and Russia over the security order in Europe, which has been escalating for years.
This brutal war in the heart of Europe is being fought at the expense of the Ukrainian people. At the same time, the economic war that has now been unleashed is jeopardizing the supply of people in Russia and many poor countries around the world.
Reports of war crimes are piling up. Although difficult to verify under the prevailing conditions, it can be assumed that in this war, as in others before it, atrocities will be committed and that the brutality will increase with its duration. One more reason to end it quickly.
The war harbors the real danger of escalation and military escalation that can no longer be controlled - similar to that of the First World War. Red Lines are drawn, which are then crossed by actors and gamblers on both sides, and the spiral continues one step further. If responsible people like you, dear Mr. Federal Chancellor, do not stop this development, the end will be another big war. Only this time with nuclear weapons, widespread devastation and the end of human civilization. The avoidance of more and more casualties, destruction and a further dangerous escalation must therefore have absolute priority.
Despite reports of success from the Ukrainian army in the meantime: it is far inferior to the Russian one and has little chance of winning this war. The price of prolonged military resistance, regardless of possible success, will be more destroyed towns and villages and more casualties among the Ukrainian population. Deliveries of arms and military support from NATO prolong the war and make a diplomatic solution a long way off.
It is right to make the demand “Down with your arms!” primarily to the Russian side. But at the same time, further steps must be taken to end the bloodshed and displacement of people as soon as possible.
As bitter as it is to retreat from violence that violates international law, it is the only realistic and humane alternative to a long, grueling war. The first and most important step would be to stop all arms deliveries to Ukraine, combined with an immediate ceasefire to be negotiated.
We therefore call on the German government, the EU and NATO states to stop supplying arms to the Ukrainian troops and to encourage the government in Kyiv to resist military resistance - against the promise of negotiationnegotiations for a ceasefire and a political solution - to end. The offers to Moscow already discussed by President Zelenskyi - possible neutrality, agreement on the recognition of Crimea and referendums on the future status of the Donbass republics - offer a real chance to do so.
Negotiations on the rapid withdrawal of Russian troops and the restoration of Ukraine's territorial integrity should be supported by NATO countries' own proposals regarding the legitimate security interests of Russia and its neighboring countries.
In order to stop further massive destruction of the cities as quickly as possible and to accelerate ceasefire negotiations, the federal government should suggest that the cities currently under siege, most at risk and so far largely undestroyed, such as Kyiv, Kharkiv and Odessa, become "undefended cities". the First Additional Protocol to the Geneva Convention of 1949. Thanks to the concept already defined in the Hague Convention on Land Warfare, numerous cities were able to prevent their devastation during the Second World War.
The prevailing logic of war must be replaced by a courageous logic of peace and a new European and global peace architecture must be created, including Russia and China. Our country must not stand on the sidelines here, but must play an active role.
Sincerely,
PD dr Johannes M. Becker, political scientist, former managing director of the Center for Conflict research in Marburg
Daniela Dahn, journalist, writer and publicist, PEN member
dr Rolf Gössner, lawyer and publicist, International League for Human Rights
Jürgen Grässlin, Federal Spokesman DFG-VK and Aktion Aufschrei ‒ Stop the arms trade!
Joachim Guilliard, publicist
dr Luc Jochimsen, journalist, TV editor, MP 2005-2013
Christoph Kramer, Surgeon, International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War IPPNW (German Section)
Prof. Dr. Karin Kulow, political scientist
dr Helmut Lohrer, Doctor, International Councilor, IPPNW (German Section)
Prof. Dr. Mohssen Massarrat, political scientist and economist
dr Hans Misselwitz, Basic Values Commission of the SPD
Ruth Misselwitz, Protestant theologian, former chairwoman of Action Reconciliation
peace services
Prof. Dr. Norman Paech, international law expert, former member of the German Bundestag
Prof. Dr. Werner Ruf, political scientist and sociologist
Prof. Dr. Gert Sommer, psychologist, former board member of the Center for
Conflict research in Marburg
Hans Christoph Graf von Sponeck, former Assistant Secretary General of the UN
dr Antje Vollmer, former Vice President of the German Bundestag
Konstantin Wecker, musician, composer and author
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