 | |
| Pix Credit |
Chinese Communist Internationalism is, according to those who believe this, built on the smoldering ashes of the failures of the post 1945 World ordering--as envisioned and constructed under the leadership of the United States and its allies--the realities of the failures of which have only definitively emerged in the last decade or so of the 21st century. Into this void, and articulated for the world in a more developed form by General Secretary Xi published in Qiushi (Seeking Truth), and recirculated through Xinhua (1 January 2021), is a Communist (Socialist) alternative grounded in what is described as a different set of ordering principles built on the experiences of the post-colonial and developing world the leading forces of which are represented by China. That alternative is commonly amalgamated as the core internationalist principle of "Jointly building a community with a shared future for mankind." 习近平：共同构建人类命运共同体 2021-01-01 [Xi Jinping: Jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind].
What happened to the world, what should we do? This is the question that the whole world is thinking about, and it is the question that I have been thinking about. In my opinion, to answer this question, we must first clarify the most basic question, that is, where did we come from, where are we now, and where are we going? . . . The common aspiration of all mankind for more than 100 years is peace and development. However, this task is far from complete. We must obey the voice of the people, take over the baton of history, and continue to forge ahead on the marathon track of peace and development. . . China's plan is to build a community with a shared future for mankind and achieve win-win and shared benefits. . .The key to building a community with a shared future for mankind lies in action. I believe that the international community should make efforts in terms of partnership, security structure, economic development, civilization exchanges, and ecological construction. (习近平：共同构建人类命运共同体 ).
This was elaborated in a serious way for global consumption since the start of the Trump Administration (see, e.g., Wang Yi, "Work Together to Create a Community of Shared Future for Mankind" (31 May 2016)
The latest elaboration of this Socialist construction of the basic premises for shaping the global order through a revived Communist International(ism) was recently circulated by Vice Foreign Minister Xie Feng [外交部副部长谢锋]--"Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is China's solution to changes in the world, times, and history (16 January 2023) [推动构建人类命运共同体是应对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变的中国方案]. The original text in Chinese and my crude translation follows below. I add only these brief comments:
1. It may be useful to foreground that the Chinese approach is grounded in a premise that politics is a means of expressing economic inevitability, and that internationalism as politics and economics is closely tied to the central objective of interaction at the national and international levels--the imperative of development. "The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made it clear that promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is one of the essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization." [二十大报告明确将推动构建人类命运共同体作为中国式现代化的本质要求之一。(推动构建人类命运共同体是应对世界之变)] It is also important to understand the trajectories of that modernization--a trajectory first clarified during the Reform and Opening Up Era and now better aligned with the political front in the New Era. That overarching objective is tied to the fundamental mission of the Leninist leading forces vanguard--to establish a communist society. The path to that establishment is development at a sufficiently high enough level to make issues of economic necessity irrelevant to the organization of social relations. Modernization, of course, may be bent to other objectives. That is the point of "Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind." And yet, by framing post-liberal democratic internationalism around a Chinese Leninist understanding of modernization, it pulls all variants within the orbit of its core historical and policy objectives. That said, the point is not that this redirecting is either good or bad; the point is that it is there and rarely engaged in its own right.
2. The general outline of the principal elements of "Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind" remain substantially unchanged.
First, we must adhere to common development and inject impetus into solving the global development deficit. . . Second, we must promote common security and contribute to the realization of lasting peace for mankind. . . Third, we must promote common opening up and create opportunities for deepening cooperation and win-win results. . . Fourth, we must promote common values and build bridges for exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations. . .Fifth, we must assume common responsibilities and do our best to maintain international strategic stability. (推动构建人类命运共同体是应对世界之变)Here the important element is the way ion which these are manifested in contemporary Chinese policy. That manifestation suggests the way different policy areas are valued (that is arranged in orders of importance), as well as the ways in which the trajectories of modernization based Chinese internationalism would then suggest a value maximizing set of alternatives (as well as alternatives worth rejection).
3. China continues to use its current palette of international programs as the model against which elaboration of the five elements of Chinese internationalism ought to be measured and with respect to which the working styles of the international community ought to align. Thus, for example, with respect to common development, the Belt & Road Initiative is offered as " a platform for common development and cooperation created by China, and a vivid practice of realizing the 'world version of common prosperity'."(推动构建人类命运共同体是应对世界之变). Common security, the second prong, in interpreted in tyhe shadow of the Russo-Ukrainian War and China's foreign policy choices in that conflict.
For this reason, President Xi Jinping proposed a global security initiative, emphasizing that mankind is an indivisible security community, advocating a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, paying attention to the legitimate security concerns of all countries, and advocating the construction of a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture. (Ibid.).That position, of course, is incompatible in the strongest possible way, with that of at least some of the leading social forces in the liberal democratic camp; though it is quite useful in fostering factionalism in that camp by offering a conceptual rabbit hole into which certain elements of German, French, Hungarian and reactionary isolationist American vanguard members (among others) might find shelter. The third prong, common opening up and global integration elaborates the understanding of the so called win-win policy in trade. It is also the basis for moving forward economic interactions based on a dual circulation strategy (at least at the core). It is also a basis for attacking the American version of dual circulation grounded in national security imperatives--especially in the tech field. That makes sense from the Chinese side but poses challenges for those who seek to protect their own national security in a context where the appearances suggests that national security will be determined elsewhere. At the same time there is an intimation that only great powers have national security concerns that are not a cover for domestic market protection--a concept that is likely to be further elaborated this year.
4. The common values prong tends to be undervalued by China's liberal democratic competitors. But it is important. The elaboration of "whole process democracy" as a counter to liberal democratic electoral based orthodoxies poses a substantial challenge to the contemporary structures of markets driven collective organization facilitated through notions of electoral representative politics manifested in public state organs. The last common responsibilities prong was the most interesting. It suggests a further step toward the public elaboration of the principles of post-global empire in which the leading states--China and the United States--bear substantially heightened responsibility for the organization and management of the global collective orders.
China and the United States share broad common interests and shoulder special and important responsibilities in maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global development and prosperity. Sino-US relations go beyond the bilateral scope and have a bearing on the future and destiny of the world. (Ibid.)5. And thus the shape of post-global imperial management, which is tied both to the common security prong and frames the basis for ideological competition critical for framing the way geo-politics is judged and shaped, especially in the context of war and social relations:
China and the United States have extensive common interests in bilateral and multilateral fields. There are many things that can and should be cooperated. The two sides should strive to make the list of cooperation longer and longer instead of shortening and shortening. Cooperation should take care of each other's concerns, give and take; it should be mutually beneficial, equal and balanced; it should benefit the whole world and benefit the world. [作为最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，中美在双多边领域存在广泛共同利益，可以合作、应该合作的事情很多，双方应努力使合作清单越拉越长，而不是越缩越短。合作要照顾彼此关切，有取有予；要互利互惠，对等平衡；要兼济天下，造福世界。] (Ibid.)
This is a delicate task as it threatens the public adherence to the principle of sovereign equality., and the notion of imperialism is still so discursively tied to its racist, ethnocentric and territoriality driven manifestations that ended after 1945, that either a new vocabulary for imperial responsibilities will have to be developed or re-education will be necessary to box the prior iteration of the imperial impulse within the cage of history. It also suggests that the borderlands of the new imperial order is ideological rather than territorial, abstract rather than concrete, and that stability at the borderlands is the optimum task of global management of the community of states and sub-national communities.
China and the United States should recognize the differences in each other's social systems and development paths, and respect these differences, instead of trying to change or even subvert each other's systems. China welcomes the United States to maintain prosperity and development, and the United States should also respect the rights of the Chinese people to pursue a better life. [相互尊重是中美交往互动的前提。中美应该承认彼此社会制度和发展道路的不同，尊重这种不同，而不是试图去改变甚至颠覆对方的制度。中国欢迎美国保持繁荣发展，美国也应该尊重中国人民追求美好生活的权利。] (Ibid).
6. What is missing is the development and deployment of the counter vision from the liberal democratic camp.When it does come, it appears in fits and starts perhaps (see eg Summit for Democracy) in part because of the focus of American elites on the internal squabbling that reached its high water mark during and after the 2020 elections and its institutionalization of a high level of corrosive internal fracture. Not that the counter narrative cannot be more strategically developed and deployed; strategic advantage, though may suffer as a result of less attention.
The speech, then, is richer than it might appear on first reading. It is well worth a read and follows below in the original Chinese text and in a crude English translation. A summary of the remarks, prepared in English by the Foreign Ministry may be found HERE.
Vice Foreign Minister Xie Feng: Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is China's solution to changes in the world, times, and history 2023-01-16
https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/wjbxw_new/202301/t20230116_11008622.shtml
On January 16, 2023, Vice Foreign Minister Xie Feng was invited to attend the opening ceremony of the 2023 Macro Situation Annual Forum and the 4th China Think Tank International Influence Forum hosted by the Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies of Renmin University of China and delivered a keynote speech.
Xie Feng said that today's world is intertwined with turmoil, high winds and high waves, global challenges emerge one after another, geopolitical conflicts continue to be tense, economic recovery prospects are worrying, and the risk of division and confrontation has intensified. Humanity is once again at the crossroads of history. Facing the question of the times, "What's wrong with the world and what should China do?" General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly declared in his report to the 20th National Congress that from now on, the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in the country to build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way. , Realize the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The Communist Party of China not only seeks happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, but also seeks progress for mankind and great harmony for the world. China has always adhered to the foreign policy purpose of maintaining world peace and promoting common development, and is committed to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. This is the Chinese solution proposed by China in response to changes in the world, times, and history.
Xie Feng said that this year marks the tenth anniversary of President Xi Jinping's concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind. In the past ten years, this concept has been welcomed and responded more and more widely, showing more and more powerful truth power and practical power. Building a community with a shared future for mankind is not an empty idea, but a rich practice;
First, we must adhere to common development and inject impetus into solving the global development deficit. All people are born equal, all countries have the right to development, and everyone is really good. China is working with countries around the world to promote the implementation of the global development initiative and further promote the high-quality development of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road".
Second, promote common security and contribute to the realization of lasting peace for mankind. China follows the path of peaceful development, and other countries should also follow the path of peaceful development. Only when everyone follows the path of peaceful development can there be hope for lasting peace for mankind. The global security initiative proposed by President Xi Jinping is an innovative measure to deal with international security challenges and a fundamental solution to achieve long-term peace and stability in the world.
The third is to promote common opening up and create opportunities for deepening cooperation and win-win results. Opening up is a win-win situation, and both China with its door open and the world with its arms open have benefited a lot from it. Openness is a two-way street. You cannot ask others to open up while closing your own door. Science and technology are the common wealth of mankind, not a tool for geopolitical games, and should not be politicized, weaponized, or ideological.
Fourth, promote common values and build bridges for exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations. The common values of all mankind embody the greatest common divisor among different systems, civilizations and countries, provide important inspiration for solving the challenges facing mankind, and provide value bonds for realizing the broadest international solidarity. Democracy cannot have only one model. As long as it suits the national conditions of the country, wins the support of the people, and brings about improvement of people's livelihood and social progress, it is a good democracy.
Fifth, we must assume common responsibilities and do our best to maintain international strategic stability. In an era of turbulent events, countries need to help each other even more. As the top two economies and permanent members of the Security Council, China and the United States share broad common interests and shoulder special and important responsibilities in maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global development and prosperity. Finding the right way to get along that benefits the two countries and the world, and promoting the healthy and stable development of Sino-US relations is a real responsibility to the people of the two countries and the world.
Xie Feng said that in the new era and new journey, China will continue to follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, seize opportunities, meet challenges, and firmly move towards the realization of the development strategies and goals established at the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. China has the confidence and ability to follow its own path, and looks forward to working with other countries to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, inclusiveness, cleanliness and beauty, and jointly promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
The full text of the speech is as follows:
Meet the challenges of the times and create a better future
——At the 2023 Macro Situation Annual Forum and the 4th China Think Tank
Keynote Speech at the International Impact Forum
Vice Foreign Minister Xie Feng
(January 16, 2023)
Dear Secretary Zhang Donggang,
Dear Vice President Wang Yi,
Dear President Wang Wen,
Distinguished guests and friends,
ladies and gentlemen:
It is a great pleasure to gather with all friends old and new at Renmin University of China to exchange and discuss the theme of "China and the World under the New Period of Turmoil and Change".
Today's world is full of turmoil, high winds and rough seas, global challenges keep emerging, geopolitical conflicts continue to be tense, economic recovery prospects are worrying, and the risk of division and confrontation has intensified. Humanity is once again at the crossroads of history. The more complicated the international situation is, the more we need the guidance of correct thinking, the more we need the confidence to overcome difficulties, and the more we need the strength of unity and forge ahead.
Facing the question of the times, "What's wrong with the world and what should China do?" General Secretary Xi Jinping clearly declared in his report to the 20th National Congress that from now on, the central task of the Communist Party of China is to unite and lead the people of all ethnic groups in the country to build a powerful modern socialist country in an all-round way. , Realize the second centenary goal, and comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization. The Communist Party of China not only seeks happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation, but also seeks progress for mankind and great harmony for the world. China has always adhered to the foreign policy purpose of maintaining world peace and promoting common development, and is committed to promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind. This is the Chinese solution proposed by China in response to changes in the world, times, and history.
This year marks the tenth anniversary of President Xi Jinping's concept of building a community with a shared future for mankind. Over the past ten years, this concept has been widely welcomed and responded to. At the bilateral level, China and Pakistan, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and other countries have jointly promoted the construction of different forms of communities with a shared future. At the regional level, communities of destiny such as the neighborhood, Asia, Asia-Pacific, China-ASEAN, Lancang-Mekong countries, Central Africa, China-Arabia, China-Latin America, China-Central Asia, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization are steadily advancing. At the global level, communities of shared future in cyberspace, nuclear security, and oceans have emerged as the times require. The concept of a community of shared future for mankind has been written into resolutions or declarations of international organizations such as the United Nations and the BRICS many times to build consensus and promote cooperation.
Over the past ten years, this concept has shown more and more powerful truth power and practical power. In the face of a century of changes and a century of epidemics, people have increasingly realized that the future and destiny of every country are closely linked. No country can alone cope with the various challenges facing mankind, and no country can retreat to the Self-enclosed islands, to break the predicament, must carry out global action, global response, global cooperation, and move towards the goal of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Dear guests and friends:
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made it clear that promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind is one of the essential requirements of Chinese-style modernization. From the avenue to simplicity, hard work is the key. Building a community with a shared future for mankind is not an empty idea, but a rich practice;
First, we must adhere to common development and inject impetus into solving the global development deficit.
All people are created equal and all countries have the right to development. On this planet, rich countries cannot remain rich forever and poor countries remain poor forever. In the pursuit of happiness, no country, nation or individual should be left behind. While each country seeks its own development, it should also actively promote the common development of other countries. Only when everyone is good is good.
At present, the world is facing serious development problems. According to statistics, nearly half of the world's population lives on less than $5.50 a day. Affected by the epidemic, many years of global poverty reduction achievements have been in vain, and the number of hungry people has increased by more than 150 million. Some 574 million people will still be living in extreme poverty by the end of 2030.
President Xi Jinping put forward the global development initiative to promote the resolution of the urgent problems faced by developing countries such as the gap between the rich and the poor and the development gap, and to accelerate the implementation of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. At present, more than 100 countries and many international organizations including the United Nations have supported this initiative, and nearly 70 countries have joined the "Group of Friends of the Global Development Initiative". China is working with countries around the world to promote the implementation of the initiative, sounding the "assembly call" and paving the "fast track" for focused development, united development, and common development.
The "Belt and Road" is a platform for common development and cooperation created by China, and a vivid practice of realizing the "world version of common prosperity". Since the "Belt and Road" initiative was proposed 10 years ago, China has signed cooperation documents with 151 countries and 32 international organizations, bringing tangible benefits and prosperity to the local area. In the first 11 months of 2022, the trade volume between China and the "Belt and Road" partners bucked the trend and increased by 20.4%. "To get rich, build roads first", this important experience of China's development is being promoted in more and more developing countries. Kenya’s first modern railway, the Mombasa-Nairobi Railway, has been in operation for five years, contributing more than 2% to Kenya’s GDP; the China-Laos Railway has been in operation for only one year, and has transported 8.5 million passengers and nearly 11.2 million tons of cargo; the UAE Railway The second phase of the project alone has created 17,000 local jobs and trained a large number of railway construction and management talents.
Recently, I heard a song called "Song of Yawan" that became popular on the Internet in Indonesia. The song sang, "From Jakarta to Bandung at a speed of 350 kilometers per hour, the high-speed rail shortens the journey from 3 hours to 40 minutes." "From Zheng He's voyages to the joint construction of the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed rail, China is our old friend." The concise lyrics and cheerful rhythm sang the eager expectation of the Indonesian people for the completion and opening of the Jakarta-Bandung high-speed railway.
This year, China will work with all parties to successfully host the third Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, sum up achievements and draw a blueprint. We will further promote the high-quality development of the joint construction of the "Belt and Road", strive to achieve a higher level of cooperation, higher input efficiency, higher supply quality, and higher development resilience, continue to provide new momentum for the common development of all countries, and open up new opportunities for global economic cooperation. new space.
Second, we must promote common security and contribute to the realization of lasting peace for mankind.
Peace, harmony, and harmony are concepts inherited by the Chinese nation for more than 5,000 years. The Chinese nation has never attempted to dominate the world, let alone the record of dominating the world. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China has resolutely abandoned the old path of foreign aggression, expansion, and colonial plunder of some countries, insisted on promoting modernization on the path of peaceful development, and explored a development path that is different from the rise of traditional great powers. China is the only country in the world that has "adhered to the path of peaceful development" enshrined in its constitution. It is also the only country among the five nuclear-weapon states that has pledged not to use nuclear weapons first. threatened. China's development has always represented the growth of world peace forces. Some people baselessly hype that China is using power to change the status quo, and spread rumors that China will use force to change the status quo in the future. This is completely smearing with ulterior motives.
China takes the path of peaceful development, and other countries should also follow the path of peaceful development. Only when everyone takes the path of peaceful development can countries live in harmony with each other, and there is hope for lasting peace for mankind. For this reason, President Xi Jinping proposed a global security initiative, emphasizing that mankind is an indivisible security community, advocating a common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security concept, paying attention to the legitimate security concerns of all countries, and advocating the construction of a balanced, effective, and sustainable security architecture , to resolve differences and disputes between countries in a peaceful manner through dialogue and consultation. This is an innovative measure to deal with international security challenges and a fundamental solution to achieving long-term peace and stability in the world. China has practiced it personally. On the Ukraine crisis and other issues, it decides its position and policy based on the merits of the matter itself, upholds the basic principles of objectivity and fairness, follows the correct direction of persuading peace and promoting talks, and seeks solutions that address both symptoms and root causes, making contributions to world peace and security. contribute.
Only when everyone is safe can everyone be safe. The security of a country cannot be based on the insecurity of other countries. Sticking to the Cold War mentality of zero-sum game, generalizing and abusing the concept of national security, beggar-thy-neighbor, tearing down roads and building walls, this is against the trend of the times; The "law of the jungle" and "laws of the family" are packaged into international rules. This is a typical overbearing bully; fearing that the world will not be chaotic, add fuel to the fire, take advantage of the fire, only sell weapons, and do not accept refugees , only care about sanctions, regardless of people's livelihood, this will lead to a more prominent global security deficit, and ultimately it is shooting itself in the foot.
Third, we must promote common opening up and create opportunities for deepening cooperation and win-win results.
Reform and opening up is a key move to determine the future and destiny of contemporary China. China's two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability depend on reform after reform, opening up and opening up. Without reform and opening up, there would be no Chinese miracle, and there would be no successful practice of Chinese-style modernization. China's reform and opening up can only be carried out, not completed.
Opening up is a win-win situation, and both China with its door open and the world with its arms open have benefited a lot from it. From 2001 to 2021, 20 years since China joined the WTO, its economic aggregate has risen from the sixth to the second in the world, and its trade in goods has risen from the sixth to the first in the world, becoming a major trader in more than 140 countries and regions. Business partner. In the past 10 years, the number of China's pilot free trade zones has increased from 0 to 21; the number of free trade agreements has increased from 10 to 19; national treatment before foreign investment access has been fully implemented, and the negative list has been reduced from 93 to 31; The ranking of business environment jumped 65 places in 10 years, ranking 31st. From 2013 to 2021, China's average contribution rate to world economic growth will reach 38.6%, exceeding the sum of the contribution rates of the Group of Seven (G7). Last year, although the global economy faced the impact of the epidemic, China's Canton Fair, Consumer Expo, Service Trade Fair, and China Import Expo were held smoothly as scheduled, becoming a rare bright spot in the economic winter.
China is still expanding the institutional opening up of rules, regulations, management, and standards, and creating a first-class business environment that is market-oriented, ruled by law, and internationalized. On the eve of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the relevant departments of China issued "Several Policies and Measures Concerning Promoting Foreign Capital Expansion, Stable Quantity and Quality Improvement by Focusing on the Manufacturing Industry", focusing on solving the outstanding problems faced by foreign-invested enterprises in China, and put forward high standards for the implementation of foreign investment. 15 specific measures including national treatment after entry, strengthening financial support for foreign-funded enterprises, facilitating international business personnel exchanges, and strengthening the smooth flow of goods and materials. The China Council for the Promotion of International Trade recently conducted a survey of more than 160 foreign-funded enterprises and foreign chambers of commerce in China, and the results showed that 99.4% of the surveyed enterprises are more confident in China's economic development in 2023. I have also heard that many foreign-funded enterprises have already started to make plans for group executives to visit China, eager to come to China to seek new investment opportunities, for fear of missing the high-speed rail of Chinese-style modernization.
Openness is a two-way street. You cannot ask others to open up while closing your own door. This practice is self-contradictory and harms others. Competition should be fair and reasonable, and it is you chasing after each other, not you. In order to gain a competitive advantage, some countries use the state apparatus to occupy the financial, technological and Resources, in violation of market rules and economic laws, wage tariff wars, trade wars, technology wars, chip wars, and rules wars in an attempt to suppress and deprive the other party of its right to development. This is unfair and shady. Science and technology are the common wealth of mankind, not a tool for geopolitical games. Politicizing scientific and technological issues, weaponizing ideology, and artificially blocking scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation will only lead to the stagnation of scientific and technological progress and self-isolation and backwardness.
Closing other people's doors will also block your own way. People of insight in the Western strategic circles, business circles, and academic circles are seeing this more and more clearly, and their voices against "decoupling and breaking chains" are converging into an increasingly powerful momentum. Former U.S. Treasury Secretary Paulson said that the delusion of large-scale and comprehensive decoupling will plunge the United States, China and the world into a quagmire. According to the survey, 75% of European companies in China still regard China as a potential innovative R&D base and will increase R&D investment in China; 93% of American scientists believe that restricting cooperation with China will harm academia. The 2022 "White Paper on American Businesses in China" issued by the American Chamber of Commerce in China opposes the complete "decoupling" of China and the United States, and supports the expansion of tariff exemptions for China.
Recently, China has optimized and adjusted the epidemic prevention and control policy according to the time and situation, and further opened the door to opening up. This not only paves the way for the stabilization and recovery of the Chinese economy, but also injects new momentum into the recovery of the world economy, which is widely welcomed by the international community. China strengthened its control when the epidemic was severe, and some countries asked China to open up; after China opened up personnel exchanges, they instead imposed unreasonable restrictions on China. The Chinese people do not understand and have a lot of opinions on this. What are these countries trying to do? For the very few countries that disregard scientific facts, engage in political manipulation, and take discriminatory and excessive measures against China, it is only natural for us to carry out reciprocal countermeasures.
Fourth, we must promote common values and build bridges for exchanges and mutual learning among different civilizations.
Peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom are the common values of all mankind. Peace and development are common causes, fairness and justice are common ideals, and democracy and freedom are common pursuits. The common values of all mankind embody the greatest common divisor among different systems, civilizations and countries, provide important inspiration for solving the challenges facing mankind, and provide value bonds for realizing the broadest international solidarity.
Democracy and human rights are the unremitting pursuit of the Chinese people. 3,000 years ago, the "Book of History" recorded that in ancient China, "the sky only seeks democracy at the right time". 100 years ago, the Chinese Communists wrote "unifying China into a true democratic republic" into the program of the democratic revolution. Whether it was the May 4th Movement, the Anti-Japanese War or the War of Liberation, the Communist Party of China has always been the vanguard and pillar of "struggling for democracy, human rights, and anti-dictatorship." From the First to the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, "democracy" has always been a high-frequency word in the reports of previous congresses. Today, the whole process of people's democracy has been integrated into the daily life of 1.4 billion Chinese people. China's protection of human rights does not just stay in words, but is implemented in concrete matters of people's livelihood. We have historically solved the problem of absolute poverty, and built the world's largest education system, social security system, and medical and health system. The people's sense of gain, happiness, and security are more substantial, more secure, and more sustainable.
The world is colorful, and there cannot be only one model of democracy. As long as it suits the country's national conditions, wins the support of the people, and brings about improvement of people's livelihood and social progress, it is a good democracy. There is no "universal value" that is universally applicable in the world. Neither the "clash of civilizations" nor the "end of history" is in line with the trend of the times. Attempting to impose the values of a few countries on the whole world is in itself contrary to the true meaning of democracy. True democracy means respecting that countries take a path of democracy that suits their own national conditions. True human rights means respecting other countries’ practice of their own distinctive human rights concepts. True freedom means respecting other countries’ free choices to accelerate development while maintaining their own independence.
Any country or nation has its own specific civilizational background, and it is inevitable that there will be cognitive biases, policy differences, and cultural barriers in the process of communication. However, as long as everyone agrees with and adheres to the common values of all mankind, they can meet each other halfway and be harmonious without differences. "Knowing each other is not far or near, thousands of miles are still neighbors." China is willing to work with all countries in the world to carry forward the common values of all mankind, jump out of the trap of ideological confrontation, and transcend civilization barriers through civilization exchanges, mutual learning between civilizations beyond civilization conflicts, and civilization coexistence beyond civilization superiority. We will continue to promote exchanges, mutual learning and harmonious coexistence among civilizations, and promote mutual respect, mutual trust and harmonious coexistence among countries around the world.
Fifth, we must assume common responsibilities and do our best to maintain international strategic stability.
"The whole world is in the same hot and cold", in an era of intertwined events, countries need to help each other even more. As the top two economies and permanent members of the Security Council, China and the United States share broad common interests and shoulder special and important responsibilities in maintaining world peace and stability and promoting global development and prosperity. Sino-US relations go beyond the bilateral scope and have a bearing on the future and destiny of the world. Cooperation between China and the United States will benefit both and the world; confrontation will hurt both and the world will suffer. Promoting the healthy and stable development of Sino-US relations is a real responsibility to the people of the two countries and the world.
The world is watching what China and the US will do. Whether viewed from the vertical axis of the development process since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the United States 44 years ago, or the horizontal axis of the current world's major changes unseen in a century, we should adopt an attitude of being responsible for history, the world, and the people, and find ways to benefit both countries and benefit the world. The right way to deal with the world.
Head-of-state diplomacy is the "compass" and "fixing star" of Sino-US relations, and plays an irreplaceable strategic leading role in the development of bilateral relations. Since 2021, President Xi Jinping has met and called President Biden six times. China and the United States must fully implement the important consensus reached by the two heads of state.
On the basis of profoundly summarizing the experience and lessons of historical development, President Xi Jinping pointed out the correct direction for the development of Sino-US relations, that is, mutual respect, peaceful coexistence, and win-win cooperation.
Mutual respect is the prerequisite for Sino-US exchanges and interactions. China and the United States should recognize the differences in each other's social systems and development paths, and respect these differences, instead of trying to change or even subvert each other's systems. China welcomes the United States to maintain prosperity and development, and the United States should also respect the rights of the Chinese people to pursue a better life.
Peaceful coexistence is the bottom line that China and the United States must stick to. Once China and the United States conflict and confront, whether it is a cold war, a hot war, a trade war, or a technological war, it will eventually damage the interests of China, the United States and the rest of the world. Defining China as "the most important geopolitical threat", creating a "small circle" against China, following the example of the former Soviet Union to suppress China, and enclosing China through geopolitics such as the "Indo-Pacific Strategy" is doomed. In vain.
Win-win cooperation is the goal that both parties should strive for. As the largest developing country and the largest developed country, China and the United States have extensive common interests in bilateral and multilateral fields. There are many things that can and should be cooperated. The two sides should strive to make the list of cooperation longer and longer instead of shortening and shortening. Cooperation should take care of each other's concerns, give and take; it should be mutually beneficial, equal and balanced; it should benefit the whole world and benefit the world.
President Biden has repeatedly reiterated to President Xi Jinping that the United States does not seek to change the Chinese system, does not seek a "new Cold War", does not seek to oppose China by strengthening alliances, does not support "Taiwan independence", does not support "two Chinas" or "one China" "One Taiwan" does not seek to use the Taiwan issue as a tool to contain China, has no intention of conflict with China, has no intention of seeking "decoupling" from China, has no intention of hindering China's economic development, has no intention of hindering China's technological progress, and has no intention of enclosing China. China attaches great importance to these statements and requires the United States to take action and implement them.
Friends present in the Chinese and American strategic circles and business circles have long supported and participated in Sino-US dialogue and cooperation, and have played an important and valuable role. I hope that you will actively participate in the historical process of China and the United States exploring the establishment of a correct way to get along with each other, and continue to contribute to the healthy and stable development of Sino-US relations. Wisdom and strength.
Ladies and gentlemen, friends:
Thousands of scouring and thousands of drums are hard work, but after blowing all the sand, you can get to gold. This is an era full of challenges, but also an era of sowing hope. In the new era and new journey, China will continue to be guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, seize opportunities, meet challenges, and firmly move towards the realization of the development strategies and goals established at the 20th National Congress. China has the confidence and ability to follow its own path, and looks forward to working with other countries to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, inclusiveness, cleanliness and beauty, and jointly promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
Finally, I wish this forum a complete success!
thank you all!
--
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Global China" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to global-china-g+unsubscribe@vt.edu.
To view this discussion on the web visit https://groups.google.com/a/vt.edu/d/msgid/global-china-g/C2A58A0A-F834-419F-9F17-3883413D59D4%40vt.edu.
外交部副部长谢锋：推动构建人类命运共同体是应对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变的中国方案 2023-01-16
https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/wjbxw_new/202301/t20230116_11008622.shtml
2023年1月16日，外交部副部长谢锋应邀出席中国人民大学重阳金融研究院主办的2023宏观形势年度论坛暨第四届中国智库国际影响力论坛开幕式并发表主旨演讲。
谢锋说，当今世界变乱交织，风高浪急，全球性挑战层出不穷，地缘冲突持续紧张，经济复苏前景堪忧，分裂对抗风险加剧。人类再次走到历史的十字路口。面对“世界怎么了、中国怎么办”的时代之问，习近平总书记在二十大报告中明确宣示，从现在起，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。中国共产党既为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴，也为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同。中国始终坚持维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨，致力于推动构建人类命运共同体。这就是中国为应对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变提出的中国方案。
谢锋说，今年是习近平主席提出构建人类命运共同体理念十周年。十年来，这一理念受到越来越广泛的欢迎和响应，展现出越来越强大的真理力量和实践伟力。构建人类命运共同体不是空泛理念，而是丰富实践；不是单打独斗，而是共商共建；不会一蹴而就，而需持续推进。
一要坚持共同发展，为破解全球发展赤字注入动力。人人生而平等，各国都有发展权，大家好才是真的好。中国正与世界各国共同推动全球发展倡议落地生效，进一步推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展。
二要促进共同安全，为实现人类持久和平贡献力量。中国走和平发展道路，其他国家也应该走和平发展道路，只有大家都走和平发展道路，人类持久和平才有希望。习近平主席提出的全球安全倡议，是应对国际安全挑战的创新举措，是实现世界长治久安的治本之策。
三要推动共同开放，为深化合作共赢创造机遇。开放是共赢的，打开大门的中国和张开怀抱的世界都从中获益良多。开放是双向的，不能一边要求别人开放，一边关上自己的大门。科学技术是人类的共同财富，不是地缘博弈工具，不应政治化武器化意识形态化。
四要弘扬共同价值，为不同文明交流互鉴构筑桥梁。全人类共同价值体现了不同制度、不同文明、不同国家间的最大公约数，为破解人类面临的挑战提供重要启示，为实现最广泛的国际团结提供价值纽带。民主不可能只有一种模式，只要适合本国国情、得到人民拥护、带来民生改善和社会进步，就是好的民主。
五要承担共同责任，为维护国际战略稳定尽责尽力。变乱交织的时代，各国更需要同舟共济。中美作为前两大经济体和安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平稳定、促进全球发展繁荣方面拥有广泛共同利益，肩负特殊重要责任。找到造福两国、惠及世界的正确相处之道，推动中美关系健康稳定发展，是对两国和世界人民应该切实负起的责任。
谢锋表示，新时代新征程，中国将继续以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引，把握机遇，迎接挑战，坚定朝着实现二十大确立的发展战略和目标迈进。中国有信心、有能力走好自己的道路，也期待着与各国一道，风雨同舟，携手建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，共同推动构建人类命运共同体。
演讲全文如下：
共迎时代挑战 共创美好未来
——在2023宏观形势年度论坛暨第四届中国智库
国际影响力论坛上的主旨演讲
外交部副部长 谢锋
（2023年1月16日）
尊敬的张东刚书记，
尊敬的王轶副校长，
尊敬的王文院长，
各位来宾，各位朋友，
女士们、先生们：
很高兴与各位新老朋友相聚中国人民大学，围绕“新的动荡变革期下的中国与世界”主题交流研讨。
当今世界变乱交织，风高浪急，全球性挑战层出不穷，地缘冲突持续紧张，经济复苏前景堪忧，分裂对抗风险加剧。人类再次走到历史的十字路口。国际形势越纷繁复杂，越需要正确思想的引领，越需要攻坚克难的信心，越需要团结奋进的力量。
面对“世界怎么了、中国怎么办”的时代之问，习近平总书记在二十大报告中明确宣示，从现在起，中国共产党的中心任务就是团结带领全国各族人民全面建成社会主义现代化强国、实现第二个百年奋斗目标，以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴。中国共产党既为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴，也为人类谋进步、为世界谋大同。中国始终坚持维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨，致力于推动构建人类命运共同体。这就是中国为应对世界之变、时代之变、历史之变提出的中国方案。
今年是习近平主席提出构建人类命运共同体理念十周年。十年来，这一理念受到越来越广泛的欢迎和响应。在双边层面，中国同巴基斯坦、老挝、柬埔寨、泰国、印尼、哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦等国共同推动构建不同形式的命运共同体。在地区层面，周边、亚洲、亚太、中国—东盟、澜湄国家、中非、中阿、中拉、中国—中亚、上合组织等命运共同体稳步推进。在全球层面，网络空间、核安全、海洋等命运共同体应运而生，人类命运共同体理念多次写入联合国、金砖等国际组织决议或宣言，凝聚共识、推动合作。
十年来，这一理念展现出越来越强大的真理力量和实践伟力。面对百年变局叠加世纪疫情，人们越来越深刻地认识到，每个国家的前途命运都紧紧联系在一起，没有哪个国家能够独自应对人类面临的各种挑战，也没有哪个国家能够退回到自我封闭的孤岛，要破解困局，就必须开展全球行动、全球应对、全球合作，朝着人类命运共同体的目标迈进。
各位来宾、各位朋友：
二十大报告明确将推动构建人类命运共同体作为中国式现代化的本质要求之一。大道至简，实干为要。构建人类命运共同体不是空泛理念，而是丰富实践；不是单打独斗，而是共商共建；不会一蹴而就，而需持续推进。
第一，要坚持共同发展，为破解全球发展赤字注入动力。
人人生而平等，各国都有发展权。在这个星球上，不能富国永远是富国，穷国永远是穷国。在追求幸福的道路上，任何国家、民族和个人都不应该落下。每个国家在谋求自身发展的同时，也要积极促进其他国家共同发展，大家好才是真的好。
当前，世界面临严重的发展问题。据统计，世界近半数人口每天生活费不到5.5美元。受疫情冲击，全球多年减贫成果付诸东流，饥饿人口增加超过1.5亿。到2030年底，仍将有约5.74亿人生活在极端贫困中。
习近平主席提出全球发展倡议，就是为了推动解决发展中国家面临的贫富差距、发展鸿沟等紧迫问题，加快落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程。目前，已有100多个国家和包括联合国在内多个国际组织支持这一倡议，近70个国家加入“全球发展倡议之友小组”。中国正与世界各国共同推动倡议落地生效，为聚焦发展、团结发展、共同发展吹响“集结号”，铺设“快车道”。
“一带一路”是中国打造的共同发展合作平台，是实现“世界版共同富裕”的生动实践。“一带一路”倡议提出10年来，中国已同151个国家和32个国际组织签署合作文件，给当地带来实实在在的利益和繁荣。2022年前11个月，中国与“一带一路”合作伙伴贸易额逆势增长20.4％。“要致富，先修路”，这条中国发展的重要经验正在越来越多的发展中国家推广。肯尼亚第一条现代铁路蒙内铁路通车运营五周年，对肯尼亚国民生产总值贡献率超过2％；中老铁路通车仅一年，已经累计发送旅客850万人次、货物近1120万吨；阿联酋铁路仅二期项目就为当地创造了1.7万个就业岗位，培养了大批铁路建设和管理人才。
最近，我听到一首在印度尼西亚网络上走红的歌曲，歌名叫《雅万之歌》。歌里唱道，“从雅加达到万隆，时速350公里，高铁将行程从3小时缩短到40分钟”“从郑和下西洋，到共建雅万高铁，中国是我们的老朋友”。简洁的歌词，欢快的节奏，唱出了印尼人民对雅万高铁建成通车的热切期盼。
今年，中国将同各方一道，办好第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，总结成就、擘画蓝图。我们将进一步推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，努力实现更高合作水平、更高投入效益、更高供给质量、更高发展韧性，继续为各国共同发展提供新动能，为全球经济合作开辟新空间。
第二，要促进共同安全，为实现人类持久和平贡献力量。
和平、和睦、和谐是中华民族5000多年传承的理念，中华民族从来没有称霸世界的企图，更没有称霸世界的记录。新中国成立以来，中国坚决摒弃一些国家对外侵略扩张、殖民掠夺的老路，坚持在和平发展道路上推进现代化，探索走出一条与传统大国崛起不同的发展道路。中国是世界上唯一将“坚持和平发展道路”载入宪法的国家，也是5个核武器国家中唯一承诺不首先使用核武器的国家，从未主动挑起冲突战争，更未动辄诉诸武力或以武力相威胁。中国的发展，始终代表世界和平力量的增长。一些人毫无根据地炒作中国正在用实力改变现状，造谣中国将来还会用武力改变现状，这完全是别有用心的抹黑。
中国走和平发展道路，其他国家也应该走和平发展道路，只有大家都走和平发展道路，国与国才能和睦相处，人类持久和平才有希望。正因如此，习近平主席提出全球安全倡议，强调人类是不可分割的安全共同体，倡导共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，重视各国合理安全关切，主张构建均衡、有效、可持续的安全架构，通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间分歧和争端。这是应对国际安全挑战的创新举措，是实现世界长治久安的治本之策。中国身体力行，在乌克兰危机等问题上，根据事情本身的是非曲直决定立场和政策，秉持客观公正的基本原则，遵循劝和促谈的正确方向，探寻标本兼治的解决方案，为世界和平与安全作出贡献。
只有人人安全，大家才能安全，一国的安全不能建立在别国的不安全基础上。固守零和博弈的冷战思维，泛化滥用国家安全概念，以邻为壑，拆路建墙，这是逆时代潮流而动；拉帮结伙搞“小圈子”，挑动阵营对抗，这是走大国争霸的回头路；把弱肉强食、以大欺小的“丛林法则”、“家法帮规”包装成国际规则，这是典型的霸道霸凌；唯恐天下不乱，火上浇油，趁火打劫，只卖武器，不收难民，只管制裁，不顾民生，这将导致全球安全赤字更加凸显，最终是搬起石头砸自己的脚。
第三，要推动共同开放，为深化合作共赢创造机遇。
改革开放是决定当代中国前途命运的关键一招。中国实现经济快速发展和社会长期稳定两大奇迹，靠的就是改革再改革、开放再开放。没有改革开放就没有中国奇迹，就没有中国式现代化的成功实践。中国改革开放只有进行时，没有完成时。
开放是共赢的，打开大门的中国和张开怀抱的世界都从中获益良多。从2001年到2021年，中国加入世贸组织20年，经济总量从世界第六位上升到第二位，货物贸易从世界第六位上升到第一位，成为140多个国家和地区的主要贸易伙伴。过去10年，中国自贸试验区数量从0增加到21个；自贸协定数量从10个增加到19个；外商投资准入前国民待遇全面实施，负面清单从93项缩减到31项；营商环境排名10年跃升了65位、位居第31位。2013年至2021年，中国对世界经济增长的平均贡献率达到38.6％，超过七国集团（G7）贡献率的总和。去年，虽然全球经济面临疫情冲击，但中国的广交会、消博会、服贸会、进博会等四大展会“矩阵”如期顺利召开，成为经济寒冬中难得的亮点。
中国还在不断扩大规则、规制、管理、标准等制度型开放，营造市场化、法治化、国际化一流营商环境。二十大前夕，中国有关部门出台了《关于以制造业为重点促进外资扩增量稳存量提质量的若干政策措施》，着力解决在华外商投资企业面临的突出问题，提出了高标准落实外资准入后国民待遇、强化外资企业金融支持、便利国际商务人员往来、加强货运物流畅通等15项具体措施。近期中国贸促会对160多家在华外资企业和外国商会进行调研，结果显示99.4％的受访企业对2023年中国经济发展更有信心。我也听说不少外资企业已经开始制定集团高层访华日程，跃跃欲试来中国寻求新的投资机会，生怕错过中国式现代化这趟高铁。
开放是双向的，不能一边要求别人开放，一边关上自己的大门，这种做法自相矛盾，损人不利己。竞争应该是公平的、合理的，是你追我赶，而不是你死我活。一些国家为了赢得竞争优势，动用国家机器，霸占金融、科技资源，违背市场规则和经济规律，大打关税战、贸易战、科技战、芯片战、规则战，企图压制和剥夺对方发展权利，这是不正当的，也是见不得阳光的。科学技术是人类的共同财富，不是地缘博弈工具。将科技问题政治化武器化意识形态化，人为阻断科技交流合作，最终只会造成科技进步的停滞和自我封闭落后。
封上别人的门，也将堵死自己的路。西方战略界、商界、学界的有识之士对此看得越来越清楚，他们反对“脱钩断链”的声音正汇聚成越来越强大的声势。美国前财政部长保尔森表示，大规模和全面脱钩的妄想会让美中两国和全世界都陷入泥潭。调查显示，75％在华欧洲企业仍将中国视为具有潜力的创新研发基地，将增加在华研发投入；93％的美国科学家认为限制与中国的合作会损害学术界。中国美国商会发布的2022年度《美国企业在中国白皮书》反对中美彻底“脱钩”，支持扩大对华关税豁免。
近期，中国因时因势优化调整疫情防控政策，进一步打开开放大门，不仅为中国经济企稳回升铺平道路，也为世界经济复苏注入新的动能，受到国际社会普遍欢迎。中国在疫情严重时加强管控，一些国家要求中国开放；中国开放人员往来后，他们反而对中国无理设限。中国老百姓对此很不理解、很有意见。这些国家到底想干什么？对于极少数不顾科学事实，大搞政治操弄，对华采取歧视性过度措施的国家，我们开展对等反制理所当然。
第四，要弘扬共同价值，为不同文明交流互鉴构筑桥梁。
和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由，是全人类共同价值。和平与发展是共同事业，公平正义是共同理想，民主自由是共同追求。全人类共同价值体现了不同制度、不同文明、不同国家间的最大公约数，为破解人类面临的挑战提供重要启示，为实现最广泛的国际团结提供价值纽带。
民主、人权是中国人一以贯之的不懈追求。3000年前，《尚书》记载了古代中国“天惟时求民主”。100年前，中国共产党人将“统一中国为真正的民主共和国”写入民主革命纲领。无论是五四运动、抗日战争还是解放战争，中国共产党始终是“争民主、要人权、反独裁”的先锋和砥柱。从中共一大到二十大，“民主”始终是历届大会报告中的高频词。如今，全过程人民民主已融入十四亿中国人的日常生活。中国对人权的保障不是停留在口头上，而是落实到一件件具体民生实事上。我们历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题，建成了世界上规模最大的教育体系、社会保障体系、医疗卫生体系，人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实，更有保障，更可持续。
世界是多彩的，民主不可能只有一种模式，只要适合本国国情、得到人民拥护、带来民生改善和社会进步，就是好的民主。世界上不存在放之四海而皆准的“普世价值”，无论是“文明冲突论”还是“历史终结论”，都不符合时代潮流，思想根子还是唯我独尊、党同伐异。企图把少数国家的价值观强加给全世界，本身就违背了民主的真谛。真正的民主是尊重各国走适合自己国情的民主道路，真正的人权是尊重别国践行各具特色的人权理念，真正的自由是尊重他国既加快发展又保持自身独立性的自由选择。
任何国家和民族都有其特定的文明背景，交往过程中难免出现认知偏差、政策分歧、文化隔阂，但只要大家都认同和坚守全人类共同价值，就能够相向而行，和而不同。“相知无远近，万里尚为邻”。中国愿同世界各国一道，弘扬全人类共同价值，跳出意识形态对抗陷阱，以文明交流超越文明隔阂、文明互鉴超越文明冲突、文明共存超越文明优越。我们将继续推动文明交流互鉴、和谐共生，促进世界各国互尊互信、和睦相处。
第五，要承担共同责任，为维护国际战略稳定尽责尽力。
“环球同此凉热”，变乱交织的时代，各国更需要同舟共济。中美作为前两大经济体和安理会常任理事国，在维护世界和平稳定、促进全球发展繁荣方面拥有广泛共同利益，肩负特殊重要责任。中美关系超越双边范畴，攸关世界前途命运。中美合则两利、世界受益；斗则俱伤、全球遭殃。推动中美关系健康稳定发展，是对两国和世界人民应该切实负起的责任。
中美怎么办，世界都在看。无论是从中美建交44年来发展历程的纵坐标看，还是当前世界百年未有之大变局的横坐标看，都应该本着对历史、对世界、对人民负责的态度，找到造福两国、惠及世界的正确相处之道。
元首外交是中美关系的“指南针”和“定盘星”，对两国关系发展发挥着不可替代的战略引领作用。2021年以来，习近平主席同拜登总统已经6次会晤、通话。中美要全面落实两国元首达成的重要共识。
习近平主席在深刻总结历史发展经验和教训的基础上，指明了中美关系发展的正确方向，那就是相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢。
相互尊重是中美交往互动的前提。中美应该承认彼此社会制度和发展道路的不同，尊重这种不同，而不是试图去改变甚至颠覆对方的制度。中国欢迎美国保持繁荣发展，美国也应该尊重中国人民追求美好生活的权利。
和平共处是中美必须坚守的底线。中美一旦冲突对抗，无论是冷战、热战，还是贸易战、科技战，最终将损害中美两国和世界各国利益。把中国定义为“最重大的地缘政治威胁”，搞针对中国的“小圈子”，效仿当年遏制前苏联那一套来打压中国，通过“印太战略”等地缘政治来围堵中国，注定是徒劳的。
合作共赢是双方应当争取的目标。作为最大的发展中国家和最大的发达国家，中美在双多边领域存在广泛共同利益，可以合作、应该合作的事情很多，双方应努力使合作清单越拉越长，而不是越缩越短。合作要照顾彼此关切，有取有予；要互利互惠，对等平衡；要兼济天下，造福世界。
拜登总统多次向习近平主席重申，美方不寻求改变中国体制，不寻求“新冷战”，不寻求通过强化同盟关系反对中国，不支持“台独”，不支持“两个中国”或“一中一台”，不寻求把台湾问题作为工具遏制中国，无意同中国发生冲突，无意寻求同中国“脱钩”，无意阻挠中国经济发展，无意阻止中国科技进步，无意围堵中国。中方重视这些表态，要求美方付诸行动、落到实处。
在座中美战略界、工商界的朋友长期支持和参与中美对话合作，发挥了重要宝贵作用，希望你们积极参与中美探索建立正确相处之道的历史进程，为中美关系健康稳定发展继续贡献智慧和力量。
各位来宾，各位朋友：
千淘万漉虽辛苦，吹尽狂沙始到金。这是一个充满挑战的时代，也是一个播种希望的时代。新时代新征程，中国将继续以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指引，把握机遇，迎接挑战，坚定朝着实现二十大确立的发展战略和目标迈进。中国有信心、有能力走好自己的道路，也期待着与各国一道，风雨同舟，携手建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界，共同推动构建人类命运共同体。
最后，预祝本届论坛圆满成功！
谢谢大家！
No comments:
Post a Comment