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Even before Xi Jinping's 70 page Work Report to the 20th CPC National Congress was widely distributed ( 高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜 为全面建设社会主义现代化国家而团结奋斗: 在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会上的报告 [Hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics Unity and struggle for the all-round construction of a modern socialist country: Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China]) official press organs were distributing strategic summaries that sought to develop a summary base form which meaning could be readily extracted from that Work Report.
These efforts are particularly useful
because they provide a very important window into how the Chinese
leadership core would like the very long and complex Work Report to be
(1) distilled; (2) interpreted; and (3) applied. It is for that reason
that it is worth reading these much shorter narratives. These will
likely serve as the basis for the explanation and justification of the
many many new initiatives that are expected to be rolled out at every
level of the administrative apparatus in the coming weeks before the
Lunar Festival.
This post considers （二十大受权发布）习近平指出，新时代十年的伟大变革具有里程碑意义 [ The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is authorized to release) Xi Jinping pointed out that the great changes of the new era in the past ten years are of milestone significance] (English translation here). This is a particularly interesting summary of the Work Report's self conception of the highlights of the proper 5 years. It suggests, by its choices and emphasis what is considered (officially) to be both worth a mention, and woven nto the broader tapestry of a history of the CPC relentlessly marching toward its goals. In that sense it provides a small window of how the CPC sees itself in history.
Brief reflections and the English translation follow below.
The Coalition for Peace & Ethics has undertaken a deep examination of the 20th National Congress and will make key documents and other resources available to those interested. Access the CPE 20th CPC Congress web resources here.
1. The Work Report summary divides the CPC's progress into 16 parts. There are no surprises here. Most of the references had been carefully vetted in the years leading up to the 2022 Work Report. What makes them interesting are two things: (1) the choice of these 16; and (2) the way they are described.
2. The first three focus on the now well established re-conceptualization of New Era China: (1) New Era theory as the foundation for "a series of new concepts, new ideas and new strategies for state governance and administration, realizing a new leap in the modernization of Marxism in China;" (2) the guiding role of the CPC that continues to grow; (3) and the reliance on both to construct policy.
3. The next two focus on development. One looks back to conclude that the goal of the Reform and Opening Up Era "millennium dream of a well-off the Chinese
nation has been realized, and the largest poverty alleviation battle in
human history has been won." The other lauds the move toward the contemporary policy on the dual circulation policy, and its ability to project economic power abroad.
4. The next five indulges in a bit of self congratulation for doping what Leninist theory in China makes mandatory--the constant reform of governance to match the times. But this has been a staple of Work Reports for more than a generation. Its absence rather than its presence in the Work Report would have been remarkable. The reform is then broadened to include the reconstruction of China's management of global trade within its Belt & Road system, the elaboration of a related theory of development that can serve as a model that, like other commodities can be exported and used to augment the authority of the nation, the centrality of the socialist path and socialist democracy, the role of education, and the relation of all to the core objectives of stability and prosperity with good values. These weave together a number of strands that have been the distinctive feature of New Era ideology--domestic and international, economics and values, governance and markets; education and the good ordering of the state. These re-order classic Leninist binaries and objectives under the discursive tropes of New Era meaning categories.
5. The next three touch on fundamental policy priorities. Again, these merely conform what has already been made clear. The focus (at least officially and aspirationally) is on sustainability through proper (though unspecified) management goals, national security grounded in the protection of sovereignty and presumptive suspicions of foreign interference, and the strengthening of military capacity.
6. New Era triumphalism is emphasized in the recollection of the more definitive return of Hong Kong (and Macao) to the Chinese motherland. Both point the way to the resolution of the question of Taiwan. This, of course, is what has been picked up with great vigor by the liberal democratic press. And it is what remains a high risk strategy in the current historical context. It is also emphasized in the more aggressive move for projecting Chinese socialist internationalism within international institutions.
7. And the last of the sixteen--the never changing need to promote "comprehensive and strict governance of the party." The focus on anti-corruption remains unchanged.
8. Taken together, one encounters the expected. The New Era has not so much produced transformation as transition. That transition is laborious, it changed emphasis but not direction. It enriches and broadens but does not change direction. The bridge from the past to the future does not cross uncharted territory. Nonetheless it does carry risk from the past to the future. What is offered up is a complex plan for the management of virtually all aspects of political. social, and economic collectives domestically and abroad. The coordination required is substantial. The vision is clear and the tools must be available. For the moment, the discursive ambition continues to exceed the ability of CPC and state organs to meet its goals. That is an old story, but it is the oldness of the story that carries with it the risk.
9. This is how China sees itself (officially) and how it prefers the world to see it as well:
The reform and opening up and the socialist modernization drive have been further advanced, and the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability have become an irreversible historical process. Scientific socialism has radiated new vitality in China in the 21st century. Chinese-style modernization has provided new options for mankind to realize modernization. The Communist Party of China and the Chinese people have provided more and better Chinese wisdom to solve the common problems faced by mankind, and it is China's plan and China's strength, to continue to make new and greater contributions to the noble cause of human peace and development!
And this is what one will see over and over ion differing contexts for the next 5 years. The narrative woven around it--based on the sixteen points fo progress themselves provide a challenge for the liberal democratic camp to develop their own narratives as something other than the celebration of the right to quarrel internally.
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The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is authorized to release) Xi Jinping pointed out that the great changes of the new era in the past ten years are of milestone significance
2022-10-16 11:55:04
Source: Xinhuanet
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, October 16. In his report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, Comrade Xi Jinping expounded on the work of the past five years and the great changes in the new era in the ten years. He pointed out that the great changes of the past ten years in the new era are of milestone significance in the history of the party, the history of new China, the history of reform and opening up, the history of socialist development, and the history of the development of the Chinese nation.
Xi Jinping said that the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a very important conference held at a critical moment when the whole party and the people of all ethnic groups are embarking on a new journey to build a socialist modernized country in an all-round way and marching toward the goal of the second century of struggle. .
The theme of the conference is: hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, fully implement the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era, carry forward the great party building spirit, be confident and self-improvement, keep upright and innovate, work hard and move forward bravely, in order to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way, We will work together to fully advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
When reviewing the five years of work, Xi Jinping said that the five years since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China have been extremely unusual and extraordinary. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China coordinates the overall strategy of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and the great changes in the world unseen in a century, makes major strategic plans for the development of the party and the country, and unites and leads the entire party, the army and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to effectively respond to the severe and complex international situation and the ensuing We will continue to push forward socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era with a spirit of hard work and greatness.
He said in the report that in the past five years, we have insisted on strengthening the overall leadership of the Party and the centralized and unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, making every effort to promote the process of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, fully, accurately and comprehensively implementing the new development concept, focusing on promoting high-quality development, and actively building new For the development pattern, we must advance reforms steadily, steadily promote people's democracy in the whole process, comprehensively promote the rule of law, actively develop advanced socialist culture, focus on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, concentrate our efforts on poverty alleviation, vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization, and resolutely safeguard national security. , prevent and defuse major risks, maintain social stability, vigorously promote the modernization of national defense and the military, carry out major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in an all-round way, and comprehensively promote the new great project of party building. We solemnly celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, formulate the third historical resolution, and carry out party history study and education in the whole party. In the face of the sudden new crown pneumonia epidemic, we insisted on the people first, life first, insisted on dynamic clearing and unswerving, carried out the people's war against the epidemic, the overall war, and the blocking war, which maximized the protection of people's lives and health, and coordinated the prevention and control of the epidemic. Significant positive results have been achieved in economic and social development. In the face of the turbulent and changing situation in Hong Kong, we have effectively exercised the overall governance of the Special Administrative Region in accordance with the Constitution and the Basic Law, formulated and implemented the National Security Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and implemented the principle of "patriots ruling Hong Kong". The situation in Hong Kong has been transformed from chaos to rule. major turning point. We will resolutely carry out major struggles against separatism and interference, and demonstrate our firm determination and strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity and oppose "Taiwan independence". In the face of the drastic changes in the international situation, we have maintained our strategic determination, carried forward the fighting spirit, demonstrated our firm will not to fear the power, and safeguarded the country's dignity and core interests in the struggle, and firmly grasped the initiative of our country's development and security. Over the past five years, our party has united and led the people, overcame many long-term unresolved problems, accomplished many long-term important events, and promoted the cause of the party and the country to achieve major achievements that have attracted worldwide attention.
Xi Jinping said that it has been ten years since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In the past ten years, we have experienced three major events of great practical significance and far-reaching historical significance to the cause of the party and the people: first, ushering in the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China; second, socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era; third, we have completed poverty alleviation. , the historical task of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, and realizing the first centenary goal. This is a historic victory won by the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese people through the united struggle, a historic victory that shines through the history of the development of the Chinese nation, and a historic victory that has far-reaching influence on the world.
Ten years ago, the situation we faced was that the reform and opening up and the socialist modernization drive had made great achievements, and the new great project of party building had achieved remarkable results, which laid a solid foundation, created favorable conditions, and provided important opportunities for us to move forward. At the same time, a series of long-term accumulation and emerging prominent contradictions and problems need to be solved urgently. At that time, many people in the party and society were worried about the future of the party and the country. In the face of these prominent contradictions and problems that affect the long-term governance of the party, the long-term stability of the country, and the happiness and well-being of the people, the Central Committee of the Party reviewed the situation, made a bold decision, forged ahead, overcame difficulties, and united and led the entire party, the entire army, and the people of all ethnic groups in the country to roll up their sleeves and work hard. We will move forward regardless of the weather, and we will carry out the great struggle with many new historical characteristics without hesitation.
Xi Jinping pointed out in the report that over the past decade, we have taken a series of strategic measures, promoted a series of transformative practices, achieved a series of breakthrough progress, achieved a series of landmark achievements, and have withstood political, economic, ideological, natural In the face of risks, challenges and tests in other aspects, the Party and the country have made historic achievements and undergone historic changes, pushing our country to embark on a new journey of building a modern socialist country in an all-round way.
——Created the thought of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, made clear the basic strategy of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, and put forward a series of new concepts, new ideas and new strategies for state governance and administration, realizing a new leap in the modernization of Marxism in China.
——To comprehensively strengthen the leadership of the Party, ensure the authority and centralized leadership of the Party Central Committee, and ensure that the Party plays the core role of leading the overall situation and coordinating all parties. Our Marxist political party, which has more than 96 million Party members, is more united and unified.
——Make a scientific and complete strategic plan for the development of the party and the country in the new era, put forward the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, master the great struggle, the great project, the great cause and the great dream, and clarify the overall layout of the "five in one" and The "Four Comprehensives" strategic layout determines the general tone of the work of seeking progress while maintaining stability, and coordinates development and security. Focusing on the main contradiction in society, we will push forward various tasks, and constantly enrich and develop new forms of human civilization.
——After continuous struggle, the millennium dream of a well-off the Chinese nation has been realized, and the largest poverty alleviation battle in human history has been won. All 832 poverty-stricken counties across the country have been lifted, and nearly 100 million rural poor people have been lifted out of poverty. More than 9.6 million poor people have been relocated, which has historically solved the problem of absolute poverty and made significant contributions to the cause of global poverty reduction.
——Proposing and implementing new development concepts, focusing on promoting high-quality development, promoting the construction of a new development pattern, implementing supply-side structural reforms, and formulating a series of major regional strategies with overall significance, my country's economic strength has achieved a historic leap. Gross domestic product has increased from 54 trillion yuan to 114 trillion yuan, and the country's total economic output has accounted for 18.5 percent of the world's economy, an increase of 7.2 percent. Second place; GDP per capita increased from 39,800 yuan to 81,000 yuan. The scale of manufacturing and foreign exchange reserves ranked first in the world. The R&D expenditure of the whole society has increased from 1 trillion yuan to 2.8 trillion yuan, ranking second in the world, and the total number of R&D personnel ranks first in the world. Basic research and original innovation have been continuously strengthened, breakthroughs have been made in some key core technologies, strategic emerging industries have grown and developed, manned spaceflight, lunar and fire exploration, deep-sea and deep exploration, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, large aircraft Major achievements have been made in manufacturing, biomedicine, etc., and it has entered the ranks of innovative countries.
——With tremendous political courage, the reform has been comprehensively deepened, and many areas have achieved historic changes, systematic reshaping, and overall reconstruction, and the modernization level of the national governance system and governance capacity has been significantly improved.
—— Implement a more proactive opening strategy, accelerate the construction of a free trade pilot zone and the Hainan Free Trade Port, and jointly build the “Belt and Road” to become a popular international public product and international cooperation platform. my country has become a major trading partner of more than 140 countries and regions, ranking first in the world in terms of total trade in goods, and ranking first in the world in attracting foreign investment and foreign investment, forming a wider, wider and deeper pattern of opening up.
——Adhere to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, develop people’s democracy in an all-round way, promote the institutionalization, standardization, and procedures of socialist democratic politics, extensively carry out socialist consultative democracy, make the people the masters of the country more solid, and comprehensively follow the law The overall pattern of governance has basically taken shape.
——Establish and adhere to the fundamental system of the guiding position of Marxism in the ideological field, the party's innovative theory in the new era is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, the socialist core values are widely disseminated, the excellent traditional Chinese culture has been creatively transformed and developed, and cultural undertakings have become increasingly prosperous. The network ecology continues to improve, and the situation in the ideological field has undergone an overall and fundamental change.
—— Thoroughly implement the people-centered development philosophy, and continue to work hard to provide education for the young, education for learning, income for work, medical care for the sick, care for the elderly, housing for living, and support for the weak, People's lives have been improved in all aspects. Average life expectancy increased to 78.2 years. The per capita disposable income of residents increased from 16,500 yuan to 35,100 yuan. The world's largest education system, social security system, and medical and health care system will be built, and the people will have a more fulfilling, secure, and sustainable sense of gain, happiness, and security, and new achievements will be made in common prosperity.
——Adhere to the concept that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, adhere to the integrated protection and systematic management of mountains, rivers, forests, fields, lakes, grass and sand, and strengthen ecological environmental protection in an all-round, whole-region, and whole-process manner. Sexual changes, our motherland has bluer skies, greener mountains, and clearer waters.
——Implement the overall national security concept, safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests with firm will and quality, and national security has been comprehensively strengthened. The social governance system of co-construction, co-governance and sharing has been further improved, the special campaign against gangsters and evil has achieved phased results, a series of major natural disasters have been effectively dealt with, and the construction of a safe China has moved to a higher level.
——Establish the party's goal of strengthening the army in the new era, implement the party's idea of strengthening the army in the new era, implement the military strategic policy for the new era, adhere to the party's absolute leadership over the people's army, and reconstruct the leadership and command system of the people's army, the modern military force system, Military policy and system, the people's army has a new system, a new structure, a new pattern, and a new appearance.
—— Comprehensively and accurately promote the practice of "one country, two systems", adhere to the principles of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong", "Macau people administering Macau", and a high degree of autonomy, and promote Hong Kong to enter a new stage from chaos to governance to governance and prosperity. Macau has maintained a good momentum of long-term stable development. We put forward an overall strategy for resolving the Taiwan issue in the new era, promote cross-strait exchanges and cooperation, resolutely oppose "Taiwan independence" separatist acts, resolutely oppose interference by external forces, and firmly grasp the dominance and initiative of cross-strait relations.
——To comprehensively advance major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, promote the building of a community with a shared future for mankind, firmly safeguard international fairness and justice, and unswervingly oppose any unilateralism, protectionism, or bullying. Actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system, and the international influence, appeal and shaping power have been significantly improved.
——In-depth promotion of comprehensive and strict governance of the party, insisting that one must be hard-working when making iron, put forward and implement the general requirements of party building in the new era, lead all work of party building with the party's political construction, persevere with integrity and discipline, and use the spirit of nailing the nails Rectifying the "four winds", we stopped some stray winds that had not been stopped for a long time, and rectified some stubborn maladies that had not been eliminated for many years. We have launched an unprecedented anti-corruption struggle, with the mission of "offending thousands of people and paying 1.4 billion" to eliminate corruption and control chaos. , "Fox Hunting" multi-pronged approach, the anti-corruption struggle achieved an overwhelming victory and comprehensively consolidated, eliminating the serious hidden dangers existing in the party, the state and the army. Through unremitting efforts, the party has found self-revolution, the second answer that jumps out of the historical cyclical rate of the rise and fall of chaos, ensuring that the party will never deteriorate, change color, or taste.
Xi Jinping said that we must be soberly aware that there are still some deficiencies in our work, and we are facing many difficulties and problems. We have taken a series of measures to solve these problems, and we must intensify our efforts in the future.
Xi Jinping emphasized that the great achievements of the new era are made by the party and the people through hard work and struggle!
Xi Jinping pointed out in the report that the great changes of the new era in the past ten years are of milestone significance in the history of the party, the history of new China, the history of reform and opening up, the history of socialist development, and the history of the development of the Chinese nation. The Communist Party of China, which has gone through a century of struggle, has become stronger and stronger in its revolutionary forging. The party's political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization, and social appeal have been significantly enhanced. The party has always maintained flesh and blood ties with the people. In the historical process of profound changes in the situation, it has always been at the forefront of the times, and has always been the backbone of the people of the country in the historical process of coping with various risks and tests at home and abroad, and has always been a strong leadership core in the historical process of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics. The Chinese people's driving force is stronger, their fighting spirit is greater, their belief in victory is firmer, and they have a stronger historical consciousness and initiative than ever. The Communist Party of China and the Chinese people are fully confident in advancing the Chinese nation realizing a great leap up from standing up, becoming prosperous, and becoming strong. The reform and opening up and the socialist modernization drive have been further advanced, and the two miracles of rapid economic development and long-term social stability have become an irreversible historical process. Scientific socialism has radiated new vitality in China in the 21st century. Chinese-style modernization has provided new options for mankind to realize modernization. The Communist Party of China and the Chinese people have provided more and better Chinese wisdom to solve the common problems faced by mankind, and it is China's plan and China's strength, to continue to make new and greater contributions to the noble cause of human peace and development!
[Editor in charge: Zhou Chuqing]
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