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Western news organs recently reported on the high level meeting between European Union and Chinese officials. The focus was on the spaces that separate them and challenges to further or deepening cooperation.
Chinese President Xi Jinping met with European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen in Beijing at a tense bilateral summit, making no headway on geopolitical disputes and only modest advances on trade and climate change. While EU leaders raised concerns over China's export surplus flooding European markets with cheap goods, and Beijing allegedly providing support for Russia's war in Ukraine, Chinese officials denied responsibility for these challenges and instead called for a deepening of the partnership. "As our cooperation has deepened, so have imbalances," von der Leyen told Xi during their meeting, describing EU-China trade imbalances as having reached "an inflection point" where China must "come forward with real solutions." But Xi told von der Leyen and European Council President Antonio Costa that "there are no fundamental conflicts of interest or geopolitical contradictions” between the two sides and urged the bloc to "properly handle differences and frictions." (EU-China Summit Exposes Deepening Tensions)
At the same time, that reporting also shed light on the deepening gap in perception--or at least in the reporting of events that suggest substantial and incompatible perspectives on the events at which everyone participated and nobody took back the same sense of what occurred. That, anyway, is what emerges in the documents produced by the two powers that sought to summarize the gist of the meeting. The quote above from DW nicely summarized that perception gap--or at least the flowering of a discourse grounded in perception gaps.
None of this is unexpected. Both sides desire control of the narrative of the meeting. That narrative,m in turn, serves both internal and external needs and objectives. On the Chinese side, the effort is meant to align with the New Era vision of China's place in the world, especially in relation to declining powers, and the control of the discourse of relations which is also aligned with a vision that is reflected on the ground in the Belt & Road initiative with its win.win operating modalities and hierarchically arranged pathways to interaction. On the European side, the effort is meant to advance the now old discourse of human rights and sustainability based objectives undertaken on a level playing field and driven by private market participants sensitive to the application and superiority of international law and norms applied in context. And on the sidelines, but never far away is the mercurial American position--which has been engaged in a frenetic oscillation between Chinese style America First initiatives and European style rules based multilateral orders, both with American characteristics. Reality, then, proceeds from the imaginaries of the real--and the imaginaries of the real are a function of a collective embrace of the way of viewing the world and understanding its processes.
In this sense, more than discursive dominance is at play. The instrumentalization of ways of looking at the world are meant to advance very real actions and reduce resistance to action as well as the power of counteractions that challenge the attainment of State objectives. One analysis provides a glimpse: "EU-China relations remain on a downward spiral and the summit will offer no reversal. This should come as no surprise. China’s predatory trade practices, export restrictions on rare earths, and security concerns—particularly China’s support to Russian aggression—dominate ties. . . .China’s priority is to forge “a new model of major-country relations,” with a “mature and stable China-Russia relationship” at its core, rather than centered on EU-China cooperation." ( Taking the Pulse: Does the EU-China Summit Show a Weakened European Hand with Beijing? ("Given their incompatible political and economic models and conflicting priorities, climate change might be the only area where they can reach some agreement.")).
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In this context it is worth reading the European and Chinese summaries of the meetings side by side. Both follow below. The first, "习近平会见欧洲理事会主席科斯塔、欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩" [Xi Jinping meets with European Council President Costa and European Commission President von der Leyen] provides a quite nice summary of the Chinese fusion of rationalizing premises and consequential concrete action. The other, "25th EU-China summit - EU press release" [第25届中欧领导人峰会 - 欧盟新闻稿] provides a quite substantial encounter with the European approach to the alignment of norm and action plan as a basis for the development of policy with effects on the ground.
The Chinese side emphasized the general overall framework within which solutions might be achieved behind closed doors. Acceptance of the framework, of course, is a pre-condition to the achievement of solution.
Xi Jinping put forward three proposals for the future development of China-EU relations. First, insist on mutual respect and consolidate the positioning of partnership. China is a peace-loving country that advocates harmony, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win. If China is measured by the path taken by the West, the perception of China will be biased. . . Second, adhere to open cooperation and properly handle differences and frictions. History and reality have proved that mutual dependence is not a risk, and the integration of interests is not a threat. Improving competitiveness cannot be achieved by "building walls and barriers", and "decoupling and breaking chains" will only isolate oneself. . . Third, practice multilateralism and maintain international rules and order. Faced with the major choices of war and peace, competition and cooperation, closure and openness, multilateralism, solidarity and cooperation are the correct answers.
习近平就中欧关系未来发展提出三点主张。一是坚持相互尊重，巩固伙伴关系定位。中国是热爱和平的国家，主张和谐、包容、合作、共赢。如果用西方走过的路来衡量中国，对中国的认知就会失之偏颇。* * * 二是坚持开放合作，妥善处理分歧摩擦。历史和现实证明，相互依赖不是风险，利益交融不是威胁，提升竞争力不能靠“筑墙设垒”，“脱钩断链”只会孤立自己。“降依赖”不能减合作。* * * 三是践行多边主义，维护国际规则秩序。面对战争与和平、竞争与合作、封闭与开放的重大选择，多边主义、团结合作才是正确答案。("习近平会见欧洲理事会主席科斯塔、欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩")
On the European side something of a different view. Its essence was buried somewhere in the middle of its Press Statement: "The EU remains ready to continue to engage in constructive dialogue to find negotiated solutions. As long as this is not the case, the EU will take proportionate, legally compliant action to protect its rightful interests." [欧盟始终愿意继续进行建设性对话，以寻求通过谈判解决问题的方案。只要情况并非如此，欧盟将采取适度且合法的行动，维护其正当利益。]. Beyond that, the European side assumed an existing multilateral rules based order, to which it is bound and will protect and project, from out of which it could submit its grievances to China. Those grievances cnstituted the bulk of the summary in the EU summary of the meeting.
The EU underlined the importance it continues to attach to this relationship and reiterated its commitment to deepen engagement with China, and enhance cooperation to address joint global challenges such as climate change. The EU stressed that deepened engagement must lead to concrete progress on issues of joint interest and more productive work towards a balanced and mutually beneficial economic relationship, built on fairness and reciprocity. * * * The leaders discussed Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine. The EU underlined that this war of aggression is not only an existential threat to Ukraine, but also to global security. The EU reiterated that, as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China bears special responsibility to uphold the rules-based international order, the UN Charter and international law. Russia's invasion of Ukraine is a clear case of their violation. * * * The EU expressed its expectation that China takes concrete action on EU firms’ access to China’s market in priority areas such as meat, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The EU insisted on the need for China to put an end to unjustified and retaliatory trade defence cases and measures on EU exports of brandy, pork and dairy. The EU highlighted the negative impact of export controls on rare earths and permanent magnets introduced by China and urged China to lift these restrictions. * * * The EU stressed the need to foster reciprocity in the digital sphere, underlining that European companies faced limited access to China. * * * The EU reiterated its deep concerns about the human rights situation in Xinjiang and Tibet, the treatment of human rights defenders and persons belonging to minorities, as well as the continued erosion of fundamental freedoms in Hong Kong, where China should honour its prior commitments. * * * The EU reaffirmed its consistent One China policy and expressed concerns about increased tensions in the Taiwan Strait.
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欧盟强调其持续重视这一关系，并重申致力于深化与中国的接触，加强合作，共同应对气候变化等全球挑战。欧盟强调，深化合作必须在共同关心的问题上取得具体进展，并朝着建立在公平互惠基础上的平衡互利的经济关系迈进，取得更富有成效的成果。 * * * 领导人讨论了俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争。欧盟强调，这场侵略战争不仅对乌克兰构成生存威胁，也对全球安全构成威胁。欧盟重申，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国负有维护基于规则的国际秩序、《联合国宪章》和国际法的特殊责任。* * * 欧盟表示期待中国在肉类、化妆品和药品等重点领域就欧盟企业进入中国市场采取切实行动。欧盟坚持要求中国停止针对欧盟白兰地、猪肉和乳制品出口的不合理和报复性贸易保护措施。欧盟强调中国对稀土和永磁体实施的出口管制的负面影响，并敦促中国取消这些限制。* * * 欧盟强调有必要在数字领域促进互惠互利，并强调欧洲企业在中国市场准入受到限制。* * * 欧盟重申其对新疆和西藏的人权状况、人权捍卫者和少数群体人士的待遇以及香港基本自由持续受到侵蚀的深切关切，并敦促中国履行其先前在香港的承诺。 * * * 欧盟重申其一贯坚持的一个中国政策，并对台海紧张局势加剧表示关切。
On one point there was convergence substantial enough to warrant a writing: climate change. The "two sides agree to demonstrate leadership together to drive a global just transition in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. ("Joint EU-China press statement on climate").
Both Statements/summaries follow below in English and Chinese along with the "Joint EU-China press statement on climate".
习近平会见欧洲理事会主席科斯塔、欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩
新华社北京7月24日电（记者马卓言、许可）7月24日上午，国家主席习近平在北京人民大会堂会见来华举行第二十五次中国－欧盟领导人会晤的欧洲理事会主席科斯塔和欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩。
习近平指出，中欧建交50年来，交流合作成果丰硕，既成就彼此又惠及世界，其中的重要经验和启示就是相互尊重、求同存异、开放合作、互利共赢。这也是中欧关系未来发展应该坚持的重要原则和努力方向。今年是中欧建交50周年和联合国成立80周年，中欧关系又站在一个关键历史节点。中欧都是主张多边主义、倡导开放合作的建设性力量，国际形势越是严峻复杂，中欧就越要加强沟通、增进互信、深化合作。面对加速演进的世界百年变局和变乱交织的国际形势，中欧领导人应再次展现远见和担当，作出符合人民期待、经得起历史检验的战略抉择，牢牢把握中欧关系发展的正确方向，努力开辟中欧关系更加光明的下一个50年，为世界提供更多稳定性和确定性。
习近平就中欧关系未来发展提出三点主张。一是坚持相互尊重，巩固伙伴关系定位。中国是热爱和平的国家，主张和谐、包容、合作、共赢。如果用西方走过的路来衡量中国，对中国的认知就会失之偏颇。中欧历史文化、道路制度、发展阶段的确不同，但这种差异过去没有成为中欧建交和关系发展的障碍，今后也不应该阻碍双方关系发展。当前欧洲面临的挑战不是来自中国。中欧之间没有根本利害冲突和地缘政治矛盾，合作大于竞争、共识多于分歧的基本面和主基调没有变。中方始终从战略高度和长远角度看待和发展中欧关系，将欧洲视为多极世界中的重要一极，一贯支持欧洲一体化和欧盟战略自主。希望欧方也能尊重中国人民选择的道路和制度，尊重中国的核心利益和重大关切，支持中国发展繁荣。中欧关系不针对、不依附、也不受制于第三方。双方要深化战略沟通，增进理解和互信，树立正确的相互认知。
二是坚持开放合作，妥善处理分歧摩擦。历史和现实证明，相互依赖不是风险，利益交融不是威胁，提升竞争力不能靠“筑墙设垒”，“脱钩断链”只会孤立自己。“降依赖”不能减合作。中欧经贸关系的本质是优势互补、互利共赢，应该也完全能够在发展中实现动态平衡。中国高质量发展、高水平对外开放将为中欧合作提供新机遇、拓展新空间。中欧要深化绿色和数字伙伴关系，促进相互投资合作。希望欧方保持贸易和投资市场开放，克制使用限制性经贸工具，为中国企业赴欧投资兴业提供良好营商环境。
三是践行多边主义，维护国际规则秩序。面对战争与和平、竞争与合作、封闭与开放的重大选择，多边主义、团结合作才是正确答案。中欧要共同维护第二次世界大战结束后建立起来的国际规则和国际秩序，与时俱进推动构建更加公正合理的全球治理体系，携手应对气候变化等全球性挑战，让多边主义的火炬照亮人类前行之路。中欧要支持通过政治手段和平解决国际争端。中方一贯从事情本身的是非曲直出发，主张劝和促谈，倡导标本兼治。中方愿同欧方加强协调，推动今年联合国气候变化贝伦大会取得成功，为应对气候变化和全球绿色转型作出更大贡献。中方也愿同欧方开展人工智能领域政策沟通和务实合作，共同推动平等有序的世界多极化、普惠包容的经济全球化。
7月24日上午，国家主席习近平在北京人民大会堂会见来华举行第二十五次中国-欧盟领导人会晤的欧洲理事会主席科斯塔和欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩。新华社记者 李响 摄
欧方表示，习近平主席有关欧中关系的三点主张至关重要。建交50年来，欧中在广泛领域开展合作，规模和深度不断拓展，成为彼此重要合作和贸易伙伴，助力了各自经济繁荣和人民福祉提升。中国已成为制造业和科技大国，让数亿人脱贫，中国的发展令全球震撼，给世界重要启示，欧方相信并支持中国取得更大发展。欧盟和中国都是世界上的重要力量，欧中关系对双方和世界都极为重要。欧方致力于深化欧中关系，建设性处理分歧，推动双方合作在平衡、对等、互惠基础上持续取得更多积极成果。欧方不寻求与中国“脱钩断链”，欢迎中国企业到欧洲投资兴业。面对动荡不安、充满不确定性的世界，欧中要担负责任，共同坚持多边主义，维护联合国宪章宗旨和原则，携手应对气候变化等全球性挑战，推动解决地区热点问题，维护世界和平稳定。欧方期待同中方一道，续写欧中关系下一个50年更加精彩的篇章。
王毅参加会见。
Xi Jinping meets with European Council President Costa and European Commission President von der Leyen
Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 24 (Reporters Ma Zhuoyan and Xu Ke) On the morning of July 24, President Xi Jinping met with European Council President Costa and European Commission President von der Leyen at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, who came to China for the 25th China-EU Leaders' Meeting.
Xi Jinping pointed out that over the past 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the EU, fruitful exchanges and cooperation have been achieved, which have benefited both sides and the world. The important experience and inspiration are mutual respect, seeking common ground while reserving differences, open cooperation, mutual benefit and win-win results. This is also an important principle and direction of efforts that should be adhered to in the future development of China-EU relations. This year marks the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the EU and the 80th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. China-EU relations are at a critical historical node again. China and Europe are both constructive forces that advocate multilateralism and open cooperation. The more severe and complex the international situation is, the more China and Europe should strengthen communication, enhance mutual trust and deepen cooperation. Faced with the accelerating evolution of the world's century-old changes and the international situation of chaos and chaos, the leaders of China and Europe should once again demonstrate their vision and responsibility, make strategic choices that meet the expectations of the people and stand the test of history, firmly grasp the correct direction of the development of China-EU relations, and strive to open up a brighter next 50 years for China-EU relations, providing more stability and certainty for the world.
Xi Jinping put forward three proposals for the future development of China-EU relations. First, insist on mutual respect and consolidate the positioning of partnership. China is a peace-loving country that advocates harmony, inclusiveness, cooperation and win-win. If China is measured by the path taken by the West, the perception of China will be biased. China and Europe do have different histories, cultures, roads, systems and development stages, but this difference has not been an obstacle to the establishment of diplomatic relations and the development of relations between China and Europe in the past, and should not hinder the development of bilateral relations in the future. The current challenges facing Europe do not come from China. There are no fundamental conflicts of interest or geopolitical contradictions between China and Europe. The fundamentals and main tone of cooperation outweighing competition and consensus outweighing differences have not changed. China has always viewed and developed China-EU relations from a strategic and long-term perspective, and regards Europe as an important pole in a multipolar world. It has always supported European integration and the strategic autonomy of the European Union. It is hoped that the European side will also respect the path and system chosen by the Chinese people, respect China's core interests and major concerns, and support China's development and prosperity. China-EU relations are not targeted at, dependent on, or subject to a third party. The two sides should deepen strategic communication, enhance understanding and mutual trust, and establish a correct mutual understanding.
Second, adhere to open cooperation and properly handle differences and frictions. History and reality have proved that mutual dependence is not a risk, and the integration of interests is not a threat. Improving competitiveness cannot be achieved by "building walls and barriers", and "decoupling and breaking chains" will only isolate oneself. "Reducing dependence" cannot reduce cooperation. The essence of China-EU economic and trade relations is complementary advantages, mutual benefit and win-win results, and it should and can fully achieve a dynamic balance in development. China's high-quality development and high-level opening up will provide new opportunities and expand new space for China-EU cooperation. China and Europe should deepen their green and digital partnership and promote mutual investment cooperation. We hope that the EU will keep its trade and investment markets open, refrain from using restrictive economic and trade tools, and provide a good business environment for Chinese companies to invest and start businesses in Europe.
Third, practice multilateralism and maintain international rules and order. Faced with the major choices of war and peace, competition and cooperation, closure and openness, multilateralism, solidarity and cooperation are the correct answers. China and Europe should jointly maintain the international rules and order established after the end of World War II, keep pace with the times and promote the construction of a more just and reasonable global governance system, work together to address global challenges such as climate change, and let the torch of multilateralism illuminate the way forward for mankind. China and Europe should support the peaceful settlement of international disputes through political means. China has always advocated peace and dialogue based on the right and wrong of the matter itself, and advocated both symptomatic and root cause treatment. China is willing to strengthen coordination with the EU to promote the success of this year's United Nations Climate Change Belém Conference and make greater contributions to addressing climate change and global green transformation. China is also willing to conduct policy communication and practical cooperation with the EU in the field of artificial intelligence, and jointly promote an equal and orderly world multipolarization and inclusive economic globalization.
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On the morning of July 24, President Xi Jinping met with European Council President Antonio Costa and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing for the 25th China-EU Summit. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xiang
The EU said that President Xi Jinping's three proposals on EU-China relations are crucial. Over the past 50 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations, the EU and China have carried out cooperation in a wide range of fields, with the scale and depth continuously expanding, becoming each other's important cooperation and trading partners, and contributing to the prosperity of their respective economies and the improvement of people's well-being. China has become a major manufacturing and technological power, lifting hundreds of millions of people out of poverty. China's development has shocked the world and given the world important inspiration. The EU believes in and supports China's greater development. The EU and China are both important forces in the world, and EU-China relations are extremely important to both sides and the world. The EU is committed to deepening EU-China relations, handling differences constructively, and promoting bilateral cooperation to continue to achieve more positive results on the basis of balance, equality and mutual benefit. The EU does not seek to "decouple" from China and welcomes Chinese companies to invest and start businesses in Europe. In the face of a turbulent and uncertain world, Europe and China should shoulder their responsibilities, jointly uphold multilateralism, safeguard the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, work together to address global challenges such as climate change, promote the resolution of regional hot issues, and maintain world peace and stability. The EU looks forward to working with China to continue writing a more exciting chapter in EU-China relations in the next 50 years.
Wang Yi attended the meeting.
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25th EU-China summit - EU press release
The European Union (EU) and China held their 25th summit in Beijing on 24 July 2025. The President of the European Council, António Costa, and the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, met with China’s President, Xi Jinping, followed by a meeting with Premier Li Qiang. The High Representative of the EU for Foreign and Security Policy, Kaja Kallas, also participated in the meetings.
The summit marked the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the European Union and the People’s Republic of China. It was the opportunity for leaders to discuss the bilateral relationship in all its aspects, as well as global and geopolitical issues.
The EU underlined the importance it continues to attach to this relationship and reiterated its commitment to deepen engagement with China, and enhance cooperation to address joint global challenges such as climate change. The EU stressed that deepened engagement must lead to concrete progress on issues of joint interest and more productive work towards a balanced and mutually beneficial economic relationship, built on fairness and reciprocity.
The leaders agreed that the EU and China have the shared responsibility to uphold the international rules-based order and to tackle global challenges. They reiterated their commitment to work together to safeguard multilateralism.
The leaders discussed Russia's war of aggression against Ukraine. The EU underlined that this war of aggression is not only an existential threat to Ukraine, but also to global security. The EU reiterated that, as a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China bears special responsibility to uphold the rules-based international order, the UN Charter and international law. Russia's invasion of Ukraine is a clear case of their violation. The EU repeated its calls on China not to provide any material support which sustains Russia’s military-industrial base. The EU encouraged China to use its influence to support a just and lasting peace in Ukraine, based on the principles of the UN Charter. The EU underscored that the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea’s supply of troops and arms in support to Russia’s war in Ukraine poses considerable risks to security in Europe as well as East Asia.
The EU and China are major trading partners. In 2024, the bilateral trade relationship was worth €730 billion. However, current trade relations remain critically unbalanced, with the trade deficit in goods reaching €305 billion. The EU raised its concerns about ongoing systemic distortions and growing manufacturing overcapacity, both of which exacerbate an uneven playing field. Similarly, the EU reiterated its call for progress on longstanding market access issues and recalled that Chinese investments in Europe must contribute to the EU’s long-term competitiveness, technological progress and quality job creation.
The EU remains ready to continue to engage in constructive dialogue to find negotiated solutions. As long as this is not the case, the EU will take proportionate, legally compliant action to protect its rightful interests.
The EU expressed its expectation that China takes concrete action on EU firms’ access to China’s market in priority areas such as meat, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. The EU insisted on the need for China to put an end to unjustified and retaliatory trade defence cases and measures on EU exports of brandy, pork and dairy. The EU highlighted the negative impact of export controls on rare earths and permanent magnets introduced by China and urged China to lift these restrictions.
Leaders welcomed the positive and productive bilateral cooperation on climate change, built on close engagement both bilaterally and in international fora. They agreed that the EU and China must lead global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions including at COP30. Underlining this commitment, the two sides agreed a Joint Press Statement on Climate Change. The EU’s share of global emissions has dropped to 6% and the EU reaffirmed its determination to reduce it even further, to 4%, by 2030. The EU encouraged China to propose an ambitious plan for its emission reductions up to 2035, and to step up its international finance contributions, commensurate with its size and global responsibility. The EU invited China to join the Global Methane Pledge and to contribute to the Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework. Both sides agreed to cooperate on achieving an ambitious and balanced international treaty on plastic pollution.
Since the last Summit in December 2023, the EU and China have kept up intensive engagement both at technical and political levels in a wide range of areas. This has resulted, among other things, in upgrading cooperation on emissions trading systems in relation to greenhouse gases, the implementation of a joint roadmap on the circular economy, a new Action plan on regional policy cooperation for the period 2024-29, a new dialogue on financial regulation and relaunching the work of a group on drug precursors. The EU and China are also working to extend the protection of geographical indications from 200 to 550 products.
The EU stressed the need to foster reciprocity in the digital sphere, underlining that European companies faced limited access to China. The EU further reiterated continued concern about the lack of clarity regarding Chinese data security rules and cross-border data flows from China, as well as malicious cyber activities detected as originating from China.
The EU reiterated its deep concerns about the human rights situation in Xinjiang and Tibet, the treatment of human rights defenders and persons belonging to minorities, as well as the continued erosion of fundamental freedoms in Hong Kong, where China should honour its prior commitments. The EU welcomed the holding of the 40th session of the EU-China Human Rights Dialogue on 13 June 2025 in Brussels, which allowed for an in-depth exchange on human rights issues, including on a number of individual cases of concern.
The EU reaffirmed its consistent One China policy and expressed concerns about increased tensions in the Taiwan Strait. Heightened instability in the East and South China Seas threatens regional and global prosperity and security. The EU opposes any unilateral attempts to change the status quo by force or coercion and insists on resolving disputes through peaceful means in accordance with international law, in particular the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
第25次中欧峰会 - 欧盟新闻稿
2025年7月24日，欧盟与中国在北京举行第25次峰会。欧洲理事会主席安东尼奥·科斯塔和欧盟委员会主席乌尔苏拉·冯德莱恩与中国国家主席习近平举行会晤，随后与中国国务院总理李强举行会晤。欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表卡娅·卡拉斯也出席了此次峰会。
此次峰会标志着欧盟与中华人民共和国建交50周年。这是双方领导人全面探讨双边关系以及全球和地缘政治问题的机会。
欧盟强调其持续重视这一关系，并重申致力于深化与中国的接触，加强合作，共同应对气候变化等全球挑战。欧盟强调，深化合作必须在共同关心的问题上取得具体进展，并朝着建立在公平互惠基础上的平衡互利的经济关系迈进，取得更富有成效的成果。
领导人一致认为，欧盟和中国共同承担着维护基于规则的国际秩序和应对全球挑战的责任。他们重申了共同维护多边主义的承诺。
领导人讨论了俄罗斯对乌克兰的侵略战争。欧盟强调，这场侵略战争不仅对乌克兰构成生存威胁，也对全球安全构成威胁。欧盟重申，作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国负有维护基于规则的国际秩序、《联合国宪章》和国际法的特殊责任。俄罗斯入侵乌克兰明显违反了这些规定。欧盟再次呼吁中国不要提供任何用于维持俄罗斯军事工业基础的物质支持。欧盟鼓励中国利用其影响力，在《联合国宪章》原则的基础上，支持乌克兰实现公正持久的和平。欧盟强调，朝鲜民主主义人民共和国为俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争提供军队和武器，对欧洲及东亚的安全构成重大风险。
欧盟与中国互为主要贸易伙伴。2024年，双边贸易额达7300亿欧元。然而，当前贸易关系仍然严重失衡，货物贸易逆差高达3050亿欧元。欧盟对持续存在的系统性扭曲和日益严重的制造业产能过剩表示担忧，这两者都加剧了不公平的竞争环境。同样，欧盟再次呼吁在长期存在的市场准入问题上取得进展，并强调中国在欧洲的投资必须有助于欧盟的长期竞争力、技术进步和创造高质量的就业机会。
欧盟随时准备继续进行建设性对话，以寻求通过谈判解决问题的方案。只要情况并非如此，欧盟将采取适度且合法的行动，以保护其合法利益。
欧盟表示期待中国在肉类、化妆品和药品等重点领域就欧盟企业进入中国市场采取切实行动。欧盟坚持要求中国停止针对欧盟白兰地、猪肉和乳制品出口的不合理和报复性贸易保护措施。欧盟强调中国对稀土和永磁体实施的出口管制的负面影响，并敦促中国取消这些限制。
双方领导人欢迎在双边和国际场合密切接触的基础上，在气候变化领域开展的积极和富有成效的双边合作。他们一致认为，欧盟和中国必须在包括《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约国会议（COP30）在内的全球温室气体减排努力中发挥领导作用。为强调这一承诺，双方就气候变化问题达成了联合新闻声明。欧盟在全球排放量中的占比已降至6%，并重申决心到2030年进一步降至4%。欧盟鼓励中国提出一份雄心勃勃的2035年减排计划，并加大与其规模和全球责任相称的国际资金贡献。欧盟邀请中国加入“全球甲烷承诺”，并为“昆明-蒙特利尔生物多样性框架”做出贡献。双方同意合作，达成一项雄心勃勃、平衡的国际塑料污染条约。
自2023年12月上届欧盟峰会以来，欧盟和中国在技术和政治层面上在广泛领域保持着密切合作。这其中包括：升级温室气体排放交易体系合作，实施循环经济联合路线图，制定2024-2029年区域政策合作新行动计划，开展新的金融监管对话，以及重启毒品前体小组的工作。欧盟和中国还在努力将地理标志保护范围从200种产品扩大到550种产品。
欧盟强调有必要在数字领域促进互惠互利，并强调欧洲企业在中国市场准入受到限制。欧盟进一步重申，其对中国数据安全规则缺乏明确性、来自中国的跨境数据流动以及被检测到源自中国的恶意网络活动持续表示关切。
欧盟重申其对新疆和西藏的人权状况、人权捍卫者和少数群体人士的待遇以及香港基本自由持续受到侵蚀的深切关切，并敦促中国履行其先前在香港的承诺。欧盟欢迎于2025年6月13日在布鲁塞尔举行的第40届中欧人权对话，此次对话使双方就人权问题进行了深入交流，包括就一些令人关切的个案进行了交流。
欧盟重申其一贯坚持的一个中国政策，并对台海紧张局势加剧表示关切。东海和南海局势的不稳定加剧威胁着地区乃至全球的繁荣与安全。欧盟反对任何试图以武力或胁迫手段单方面改变现状的行为，并坚持根据国际法，特别是《联合国海洋法公约》（UNCLOS），以和平方式解决争端。
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The way forward after the 10th anniversary of the adoption of the Paris Agreement
On the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and the European Union (EU) and the 10th anniversary of the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the Chinese and EU leaders hereby:
- Reiterate that in the fluid and turbulent international situation today, it is crucial that all countries, notably the major economies maintain policy continuity and stability and step up efforts to address climate change;
- Recognize that strengthening China-EU cooperation on climate change bears on the well-being of the peoples on both sides and is of great and special significance to upholding multilateralism and advancing global climate governance;
- Emphasize that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Paris Agreement are the cornerstone of international climate cooperation, and that all parties should adhere to the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities, in the light of different national circumstances and implement the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement in a comprehensive, good-faith and effective manner;
- Recognize that the China-EU green partnership is an important part of the China-EU partnership, that green is the defining color of China-EU cooperation, and that the two sides have a solid foundation and broad space for cooperation in the field of green transition.
The two sides agree to demonstrate leadership together to drive a global just transition in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication and are committed to:
- Upholding the central role of the UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement and fully and faithfully implementing their goals and their principles;
- Strengthening results-oriented actions, and turning their respective climate targets into tangible outcomes through systematic policies and concrete actions and measures;
- Working with all parties to support Brazil in hosting a successful 30th Conference of the Parties to the UNFCCC (COP30) and promoting ambitious, equitable, balanced and inclusive outcomes of the conference;
- Accelerating the global renewable energy deployment and facilitating access to quality green technologies and products, so that they can be available, affordable and beneficial for all countries, including the developing countries;
- Enhancing adaptation efforts and support, in order to accelerate swift action at scale and at all levels, from local to global;
- Submitting before COP30 their respective 2035 NDCs covering all economic sectors and all greenhouse gases and in alignment with the long-term temperature goal of the Paris Agreement; and
- Enhancing bilateral cooperation in such areas as energy transition, adaptation, methane emissions management and control, carbon markets and green and low-carbon technologies to drive their respective green and low-carbon transition processes together.
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