“No one is in a position to dictate to the Chinese people what should or should not be done,” he said. “We will resolutely reform what can and needs to be reformed, and we will resolutely uphold what cannot and does not need to be changed.”(Xi Jinping, Speech Delivered in the Great Hall of the People on the 40th Anniversary of Reform and Opening Up, Translated and quoted in hina will ‘never seek hegemony,’ Xi says in reform speech," Washington Post)
四十载惊涛拍岸，九万里风鹏正举。江河之所以能冲开绝壁夺隘而出，是因其积聚了千里奔涌、万壑归流的洪荒伟力。习近平：在庆祝改革开放40周年大会上的讲话
It was with some anticipation that, now over a year ago, a global audience awaited the remarks of Chinese leader Xi Jinping during the course of celebration of the 40th Anniversary of the adoption of China's policy of Reform and Opening Up, and its incorporation as a core of the Chinese Communist Party (CPC) Political line. The remarks--在庆祝改革开放40周年大会上的讲话 --were delivered at the end of 2018.
At the time, and as is now customary for the consumption of such remarks, the speech received a short but intense burst of interest contextualized within the constraints of the hopes, fears and strategic objectives of those who are in the business of reading and presenting such matters to the public, and in that way of using these to shape the various political narratives that manage local popular opinion. Its greatest utility at the time appeared to be oracular. However, in lieu of examining its entrails, the oracular priesthood chose instead to reduce the words of the remarks to data and then to extract meaning by summing repeated "key words." And, indeed, there were lots of repetition to consider:
At the time, and as is now customary for the consumption of such remarks, the speech received a short but intense burst of interest contextualized within the constraints of the hopes, fears and strategic objectives of those who are in the business of reading and presenting such matters to the public, and in that way of using these to shape the various political narratives that manage local popular opinion. Its greatest utility at the time appeared to be oracular. However, in lieu of examining its entrails, the oracular priesthood chose instead to reduce the words of the remarks to data and then to extract meaning by summing repeated "key words." And, indeed, there were lots of repetition to consider:
In his speech, Xi Jinping mentioned the names of six people: Mao Zedong, Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao, Marx and Lenin. Here is a graph of total appearances of each in the text of the speech:
(Qiang Gang, Reading Xi’s Reform Anniversary Speech, China Media Project)
At the time, the Hong Kong press noted that
Xi did not directly address the specific challenges facing the world’s second biggest economy or touch on sensitive issues such as the ongoing trade war with the US. Instead, Xi spent much of the hour-and-a-half speech drawing general conclusions about China’s economic and social development in the past four decades since Deng Xiaoping, China’s former paramount leader, started to embrace market-oriented changes in China. (Xi Jinping: China to stick to Communist rule and its own path to cope with ‘unimaginable’ perils)
That produced disappointment in the global press as well (here, here, and here), along with a small drop in Chinese financial markets (e.g., here).
"The reason why everybody was watching this speech so closely is that they were looking for hints of any possible concessions that Xi was prepared to make to try and ease the current trade friction with the US," said Brown, noting Beijing's recent agreement to buy more soybeans from the US and reduce tariffs on US cars. "Those concessions didn't happen, other than a vague promise from Xi for China's economic reforms that began 40 years ago to continue," he added. "More, this was a speech about China's identity and position in the world." (Marking 40 years of reform, Xi says China won't be dictated to).
And that, certainly, was a plausible way to read speeches like this. That, at any rate is the way that Western commentators, academics, and policymakers, tend to approach speeches from the highest levels of the Chinese Communist Party. But such speeches, unlike uttered by virtually all of their counterparts in Western liberal democracies (at least at this time in the history of the West) are not meant to be a political consumable with a very short half life. Especially in the case of the speeches of Xi Jinping, they mean not just to produce the usual kinds of internal and external signals (and thus the counting referenced above). These remarks, however, may be more usefully understood for their contribution to the development of the fundamental political theory of the Chinese political model,
It is with that in mind, and with the benefit of the passage of a year that has stripped away the dross of the political situation around which the speech was delivered, a re-reading of the remarks more clearly exposes the substance of the evolution of Chinese Marxist Leninist theory in the new era. More particularly, Flora Sapio and I believe that there is a large measure of insight to be gained from a closer study of these remarks. This was an important speech on self reflection, and on the communication of that reflection which may resonate in different ways for Chinese and for foreign readers. For that reason alone the speech is worth considerable study.
It is with that in mind, and with the benefit of the passage of a year that has stripped away the dross of the political situation around which the speech was delivered, a re-reading of the remarks more clearly exposes the substance of the evolution of Chinese Marxist Leninist theory in the new era. More particularly, Flora Sapio and I believe that there is a large measure of insight to be gained from a closer study of these remarks. This was an important speech on self reflection, and on the communication of that reflection which may resonate in different ways for Chinese and for foreign readers. For that reason alone the speech is worth considerable study.
This post includes the text of the 在庆祝改革开放40周年大会上的讲话 in the original along with my crude machine assisted translation.
The links to all Posts (Text of Speech, Annotation, Reflections of Backer and Sapio) on the Xi Jinping 40th Anniversary Speech follows. These will be published in Volume 15 Emancipating the Mind: Bulletin of the Coalition for Peace and Ethics (forthcoming 2020). INDEX OF POSTS:
Text Xi Jinping Speech Here:Building New Era Thought.
Annotated Text of Xi Jinping Speech HERE: Building New Era Thought--An AnnotationLarry Catá Backer Reflections on the Xi Speech HERE: Toward New Era Thought.
Flora Sapio Reflections on the Xi Speech HERE: The Ecology of Interpretation in the New Era
TEXT OF SPEECH
习近平：在庆祝改革开放40周年大会上的讲话
国务院新闻办公室网站 www.scio.gov.cn 2018-12-18 来源：新华社
同志们，朋友们：
1978年12月18日，在中华民族历史上，在中国共产党历史上，在中华人民共和国历史上，都必将是载入史册的重要日子。这一天，我们党召开十一届三中全会，实现新中国成立以来党的历史上具有深远意义的伟大转折，开启了改革开放和社会主义现代化的伟大征程。
今天，我们在这里隆重集会，回顾改革开放40年的光辉历程，总结改革开放的伟大成就和宝贵经验，动员全党全国各族人民在新时代继续把改革开放推向前进，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦不懈奋斗。
同志们、朋友们！
党的十一届三中全会是在党和国家面临何去何从的重大历史关头召开的。当时，世界经济快速发展，科技进步日新月异，而“文化大革命”十年内乱导致我国经济濒临崩溃的边缘，人民温饱都成问题，国家建设百业待兴。党内外强烈要求纠正“文化大革命”的错误，使党和国家从危难中重新奋起。邓小平同志指出：“如果现在再不实行改革，我们的现代化事业和社会主义事业就会被葬送。”
在邓小平同志领导下和老一辈革命家支持下，党的十一届三中全会冲破长期“左”的错误的严重束缚，批评“两个凡是”的错误方针，充分肯定必须完整、准确地掌握毛泽东思想的科学体系，高度评价关于真理标准问题的讨论，果断结束“以阶级斗争为纲”，重新确立马克思主义的思想路线、政治路线、组织路线。从此，我国改革开放拉开了大幕。
我们党作出实行改革开放的历史性决策，是基于对党和国家前途命运的深刻把握，是基于对社会主义革命和建设实践的深刻总结，是基于对时代潮流的深刻洞察，是基于对人民群众期盼和需要的深刻体悟。邓小平同志指出：“贫穷不是社会主义”，“我们要赶上时代，这是改革要达到的目的”。
历史发展有其规律，但人在其中不是完全消极被动的。只要把握住历史发展大势，抓住历史变革时机，奋发有为，锐意进取，人类社会就能更好前进。
改革开放是我们党的一次伟大觉醒，正是这个伟大觉醒孕育了我们党从理论到实践的伟大创造。改革开放是中国人民和中华民族发展史上一次伟大革命，正是这个伟大革命推动了中国特色社会主义事业的伟大飞跃！
同志们、朋友们！
建立中国共产党、成立中华人民共和国、推进改革开放和中国特色社会主义事业，是五四运动以来我国发生的三大历史性事件，是近代以来实现中华民族伟大复兴的三大里程碑。
以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，把马克思列宁主义基本原理同中国革命具体实践结合起来，创立了毛泽东思想，团结带领全党全国各族人民，经过长期浴血奋斗，完成了新民主主义革命，建立了中华人民共和国，确立了社会主义基本制度，成功实现了中国历史上最深刻最伟大的社会变革，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。在探索过程中，虽然经历了严重曲折，但党在社会主义革命和建设中取得的独创性理论成果和巨大成就，为在新的历史时期开创中国特色社会主义提供了宝贵经验、理论准备、物质基础。
党的十一届三中全会以后，以邓小平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，深刻总结我国社会主义建设正反两方面经验，借鉴世界社会主义历史经验，创立了邓小平理论，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，深刻揭示社会主义本质，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，明确提出走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义，科学回答了建设中国特色社会主义的一系列基本问题，制定了到21世纪中叶分三步走、基本实现社会主义现代化的发展战略，成功开创了中国特色社会主义。
党的十三届四中全会以后，以江泽民同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，坚持党的基本理论、基本路线，加深了对什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义和建设什么样的党、怎样建设党的认识，积累了治党治国新的宝贵经验，形成了“三个代表”重要思想。在国内外形势十分复杂、世界社会主义出现严重曲折的严峻考验面前，捍卫了中国特色社会主义，确立了社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标和基本框架，确立了社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度和分配制度，开创全面改革开放新局面，推进党的建设新的伟大工程，成功把中国特色社会主义推向21世纪。
党的十六大以后，以胡锦涛同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，根据新的发展要求，深刻认识和回答了新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题，形成了科学发展观，抓住重要战略机遇期，在全面建设小康社会进程中推进实践创新、理论创新、制度创新，强调坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续发展，形成中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，着力保障和改善民生，促进社会公平正义，推动建设和谐世界，推进党的执政能力建设和先进性建设，成功在新的历史起点上坚持和发展了中国特色社会主义。
党的十八大以来，党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，全面审视国际国内新的形势，通过总结实践、展望未来，深刻回答了新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义这个重大时代课题，形成了新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，对党和国家各方面工作提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代。我们以巨大的政治勇气和智慧，提出全面深化改革总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，着力增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性，着力抓好重大制度创新，着力提升人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，推出1600多项改革方案，啃下了不少硬骨头，闯过了不少急流险滩，改革呈现全面发力、多点突破、蹄疾步稳、纵深推进的局面。
艰难困苦，玉汝于成。40年来，我们解放思想、实事求是，大胆地试、勇敢地改，干出了一片新天地。从实行家庭联产承包、乡镇企业异军突起、取消农业税牧业税和特产税到农村承包地“三权”分置、打赢脱贫攻坚战、实施乡村振兴战略，从兴办深圳等经济特区、沿海沿边沿江沿线和内陆中心城市对外开放到加入世界贸易组织、共建“一带一路”、设立自由贸易试验区、谋划中国特色自由贸易港、成功举办首届中国国际进口博览会，从“引进来”到“走出去”，从搞好国营大中小企业、发展个体私营经济到深化国资国企改革、发展混合所有制经济，从单一公有制到公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展和坚持“两个毫不动摇”，从传统的计划经济体制到前无古人的社会主义市场经济体制再到使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，从以经济体制改革为主到全面深化经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明体制和党的建设制度改革，党和国家机构改革、行政管理体制改革、依法治国体制改革、司法体制改革、外事体制改革、社会治理体制改革、生态环境督察体制改革、国家安全体制改革、国防和军队改革、党的领导和党的建设制度改革、纪检监察制度改革等一系列重大改革扎实推进，各项便民、惠民、利民举措持续实施，使改革开放成为当代中国最显著的特征、最壮丽的气象。
同志们、朋友们！
改革开放40年来，从开启新时期到跨入新世纪，从站上新起点到进入新时代，40年风雨同舟，40年披荆斩棘，40年砥砺奋进，我们党引领人民绘就了一幅波澜壮阔、气势恢宏的历史画卷，谱写了一曲感天动地、气壮山河的奋斗赞歌。
——40年来，我们始终坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，坚持马克思主义指导地位不动摇，坚持科学社会主义基本原则不动摇，勇敢推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新、文化创新以及各方面创新，不断赋予中国特色社会主义以鲜明的实践特色、理论特色、民族特色、时代特色，形成了中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化，以不可辩驳的事实彰显了科学社会主义的鲜活生命力，社会主义的伟大旗帜始终在中国大地上高高飘扬！
——40年来，我们始终坚持以经济建设为中心，不断解放和发展社会生产力，我国国内生产总值由3679亿元增长到2017年的82.7万亿元，年均实际增长9.5%，远高于同期世界经济2.9%左右的年均增速。我国国内生产总值占世界生产总值的比重由改革开放之初的1.8%上升到15.2%，多年来对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。我国货物进出口总额从206亿美元增长到超过4万亿美元，累计使用外商直接投资超过2万亿美元，对外投资总额达到1.9万亿美元。我国主要农产品产量跃居世界前列，建立了全世界最完整的现代工业体系，科技创新和重大工程捷报频传。我国基础设施建设成就显著，信息畅通，公路成网，铁路密布，高坝矗立，西气东输，南水北调，高铁飞驰，巨轮远航，飞机翱翔，天堑变通途。现在，我国是世界第二大经济体、制造业第一大国、货物贸易第一大国、商品消费第二大国、外资流入第二大国，我国外汇储备连续多年位居世界第一，中国人民在富起来、强起来的征程上迈出了决定性的步伐！
——40年来，我们始终坚持中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，不断深化政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治，党和国家领导体制日益完善，全面依法治国深入推进，中国特色社会主义法律体系日益健全，人民当家作主的制度保障和法治保障更加有力，人权事业全面发展，爱国统一战线更加巩固，人民依法享有和行使民主权利的内容更加丰富、渠道更加便捷、形式更加多样，掌握着自己命运的中国人民焕发出前所未有的积极性、主动性、创造性，在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设中展现出气吞山河的强大力量！
——40年来，我们始终坚持发展社会主义先进文化，加强社会主义精神文明建设，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，坚持以科学理论引路指向，以正确舆论凝心聚力，以先进文化塑造灵魂，以优秀作品鼓舞斗志，爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义精神广为弘扬，时代楷模、英雄模范不断涌现，文化艺术日益繁荣，网信事业快速发展，全民族理想信念和文化自信不断增强，国家文化软实力和中华文化影响力大幅提升。改革开放铸就的伟大改革开放精神，极大丰富了民族精神内涵，成为当代中国人民最鲜明的精神标识！
——40年来，我们始终坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，全面推进幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶，不断改善人民生活、增进人民福祉。全国居民人均可支配收入由171元增加到2.6万元，中等收入群体持续扩大。我国贫困人口累计减少7.4亿人，贫困发生率下降94.4个百分点，谱写了人类反贫困史上的辉煌篇章。教育事业全面发展，九年义务教育巩固率达93.8%。我国建成了包括养老、医疗、低保、住房在内的世界最大的社会保障体系，基本养老保险覆盖超过9亿人，医疗保险覆盖超过13亿人。常住人口城镇化率达到58.52%，上升40.6个百分点。居民预期寿命由1981年的67.8岁提高到2017年的76.7岁。我国社会大局保持长期稳定，成为世界上最有安全感的国家之一。粮票、布票、肉票、鱼票、油票、豆腐票、副食本、工业券等百姓生活曾经离不开的票证已经进入了历史博物馆，忍饥挨饿、缺吃少穿、生活困顿这些几千年来困扰我国人民的问题总体上一去不复返了！
——40年来，我们始终坚持保护环境和节约资源，坚持推进生态文明建设，生态文明制度体系加快形成，主体功能区制度逐步健全，节能减排取得重大进展，重大生态保护和修复工程进展顺利，生态环境治理明显加强，积极参与和引导应对气候变化国际合作，中国人民生于斯、长于斯的家园更加美丽宜人！
——40年来，我们始终坚持党对军队的绝对领导，不断推进国防和军队现代化，推进人民军队实现革命性重塑，武器装备取得历史性突破，治军方式发生根本性转变，革命化现代化正规化水平显著提高，人民军队维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的能力显著增强，成为保卫人民幸福生活、保卫祖国和世界和平牢不可破的强大力量！
——40年来，我们始终坚持推进祖国和平统一大业，实施“一国两制”基本方针，相继恢复对香港、澳门行使主权，洗雪了中华民族百年屈辱。我们坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，加强两岸经济文化交流合作，推动两岸关系和平发展，坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂势力，牢牢掌握两岸关系发展主导权和主动权。海内外全体中华儿女的民族认同感、文化认同感大大增强，同心共筑中国梦的意志更加坚强！
——40年来，我们始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚定维护国际关系基本准则，维护国际公平正义。我们实现由封闭半封闭到全方位开放的历史转变，积极参与经济全球化进程，为推动人类共同发展作出了应有贡献。我们积极推动建设开放型世界经济、构建人类命运共同体，促进全球治理体系变革，旗帜鲜明反对霸权主义和强权政治，为世界和平与发展不断贡献中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量。我国日益走近世界舞台中央，成为国际社会公认的世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者！
——40年来，我们始终坚持加强和改善党的领导，积极应对在长期执政和改革开放条件下党面临的各种风险考验，持续推进党的建设新的伟大工程，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。我们积极探索共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律，不断开辟马克思主义中国化新境界。我们坚持党要管党、从严治党，净化党内政治生态，持之以恒正风肃纪，大力整治形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风，以零容忍态度严厉惩治腐败，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利。我们党在革命性锻造中坚定走在时代前列，始终是中国人民和中华民族的主心骨！
40年春风化雨、春华秋实，改革开放极大改变了中国的面貌、中华民族的面貌、中国人民的面貌、中国共产党的面貌。中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃！中国特色社会主义迎来了从创立、发展到完善的伟大飞跃！中国人民迎来了从温饱不足到小康富裕的伟大飞跃！中华民族正以崭新姿态屹立于世界的东方！
40年来取得的成就不是天上掉下来的，更不是别人恩赐施舍的，而是全党全国各族人民用勤劳、智慧、勇气干出来的！我们用几十年时间走完了发达国家几百年走过的工业化历程。在中国人民手中，不可能成为了可能。我们为创造了人间奇迹的中国人民感到无比自豪、无比骄傲！
在这里，我代表党中央，向各条战线为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设贡献了智慧和力量的广大工人、农民、知识分子、干部、解放军指战员、武警部队官兵、公安干警，向各民主党派和无党派人士、各人民团体和各界爱国人士，致以崇高的敬意！向为祖国改革开放和现代化建设作出积极努力的香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，致以诚挚的问候！向一切关心和支持中国改革开放和现代化建设的外国朋友和世界各国人民，表示衷心的感谢！
同志们、朋友们！
40年的实践充分证明，党的十一届三中全会以来我们党团结带领全国各族人民开辟的中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化是完全正确的，形成的党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略是完全正确的。
40年的实践充分证明，中国发展为广大发展中国家走向现代化提供了成功经验、展现了光明前景，是促进世界和平与发展的强大力量，是中华民族对人类文明进步作出的重大贡献。
40年的实践充分证明，改革开放是党和人民大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招。
只有顺应历史潮流，积极应变，主动求变，才能与时代同行。“行之力则知愈进，知之深则行愈达。”改革开放40年积累的宝贵经验是党和人民弥足珍贵的精神财富，对新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义有着极为重要的指导意义，必须倍加珍惜、长期坚持，在实践中不断丰富和发展。
第一，必须坚持党对一切工作的领导，不断加强和改善党的领导。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。党政军民学，东西南北中，党是领导一切的。正是因为始终坚持党的集中统一领导，我们才能实现伟大历史转折、开启改革开放新时期和中华民族伟大复兴新征程，才能成功应对一系列重大风险挑战、克服无数艰难险阻，才能有力应变局、平风波、战洪水、防非典、抗地震、化危机，才能既不走封闭僵化的老路也不走改旗易帜的邪路，而是坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路。坚持党的领导，必须不断改善党的领导，让党的领导更加适应实践、时代、人民的要求。在坚持党的领导这个决定党和国家前途命运的重大原则问题上，全党全国必须保持高度的思想自觉、政治自觉、行动自觉，丝毫不能动摇。
前进道路上，我们必须增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，把党的领导贯彻和体现到改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军等各个领域。改革开放每一步都不是轻而易举的，未来必定会面临这样那样的风险挑战，甚至会遇到难以想象的惊涛骇浪。我们党要总揽全局、协调各方，坚持科学执政、民主执政、依法执政，完善党的领导方式和执政方式，提高党的执政能力和领导水平，不断提高党把方向、谋大局、定政策、促改革的能力和定力，确保改革开放这艘航船沿着正确航向破浪前行。
第二，必须坚持以人民为中心，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴，是中国共产党人的初心和使命，也是改革开放的初心和使命。我们党来自人民、扎根人民、造福人民，全心全意为人民服务是党的根本宗旨，必须以最广大人民根本利益为我们一切工作的根本出发点和落脚点，坚持把人民拥护不拥护、赞成不赞成、高兴不高兴作为制定政策的依据，顺应民心、尊重民意、关注民情、致力民生，既通过提出并贯彻正确的理论和路线方针政策带领人民前进，又从人民实践创造和发展要求中获得前进动力，让人民共享改革开放成果，激励人民更加自觉地投身改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业。
前进道路上，我们必须始终把人民对美好生活的向往作为我们的奋斗目标，践行党的根本宗旨，贯彻党的群众路线，尊重人民主体地位，尊重人民群众在实践活动中所表达的意愿、所创造的经验、所拥有的权利、所发挥的作用，充分激发蕴藏在人民群众中的创造伟力。我们要健全民主制度、拓宽民主渠道、丰富民主形式、完善法治保障，确保人民依法享有广泛充分、真实具体、有效管用的民主权利。我们要着力解决人民群众所需所急所盼，让人民共享经济、政治、文化、社会、生态等各方面发展成果，有更多、更直接、更实在的获得感、幸福感、安全感，不断促进人的全面发展、全体人民共同富裕。
第三，必须坚持马克思主义指导地位，不断推进实践基础上的理论创新。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：创新是改革开放的生命。实践发展永无止境，解放思想永无止境。恩格斯说：“一切社会变迁和政治变革的终极原因，不应当到人们的头脑中，到人们对永恒的真理和正义的日益增进的认识中去寻找，而应当到生产方式和交换方式的变更中去寻找”。我们坚持理论联系实际，及时回答时代之问、人民之问，廓清困扰和束缚实践发展的思想迷雾，不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化，不断开辟马克思主义发展新境界。
前进道路上，我们必须坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚持解放思想和实事求是有机统一。发展21世纪马克思主义、当代中国马克思主义，是当代中国共产党人责无旁贷的历史责任。我们要强化问题意识、时代意识、战略意识，用深邃的历史眼光、宽广的国际视野把握事物发展的本质和内在联系，紧密跟踪亿万人民的创造性实践，借鉴吸收人类一切优秀文明成果，不断回答时代和实践给我们提出的新的重大课题，让当代中国马克思主义放射出更加灿烂的真理光芒。
第四，必须坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，不断坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：方向决定前途，道路决定命运。我们要把命运掌握在自己手中，就要有志不改、道不变的坚定。改革开放40年来，我们党全部理论和实践的主题是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。在中国这样一个有着5000多年文明史、13亿多人口的大国推进改革发展，没有可以奉为金科玉律的教科书，也没有可以对中国人民颐指气使的教师爷。鲁迅先生说过：“什么是路？就是从没路的地方践踏出来的，从只有荆棘的地方开辟出来的。”中国特色社会主义道路是当代中国大踏步赶上时代、引领时代发展的康庄大道，必须毫不动摇走下去。
前进道路上，我们必须坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神为指导，增强“四个自信”，牢牢把握改革开放的前进方向。改什么、怎么改必须以是否符合完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的总目标为根本尺度，该改的、能改的我们坚决改，不该改的、不能改的坚决不改。我们要坚持党的基本路线，把以经济建设为中心同坚持四项基本原则、坚持改革开放这两个基本点统一于新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践，长期坚持，决不动摇。
第五，必须坚持完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，不断发挥和增强我国制度优势。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：制度是关系党和国家事业发展的根本性、全局性、稳定性、长期性问题。我们扭住完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度这个关键，为解放和发展社会生产力、解放和增强社会活力、永葆党和国家生机活力提供了有力保证，为保持社会大局稳定、保证人民安居乐业、保障国家安全提供了有力保证，为放手让一切劳动、知识、技术、管理、资本等要素的活力竞相迸发，让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流不断建立了充满活力的体制机制。
前进道路上，我们必须毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，激发各类市场主体活力。我们要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度、基层群众自治制度，全面推进依法治国，巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线，发展社会主义协商民主，用制度体系保证人民当家作主。我们要加强文化领域制度建设，举旗帜、聚民心、育新人、兴文化、展形象，积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，传承革命文化、发展先进文化，努力创造光耀时代、光耀世界的中华文化。我们要加强社会治理制度建设，不断促进社会公平正义，保持社会安定有序。我们要加强生态文明制度建设，实行最严格的生态环境保护制度。我们要坚决破除一切妨碍发展的体制机制障碍和利益固化藩篱，加快形成系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，推动中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型。
第六，必须坚持以发展为第一要务，不断增强我国综合国力。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：解放和发展社会生产力，增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是社会主义的本质要求和根本任务。只有牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，毫不动摇坚持发展是硬道理、发展应该是科学发展和高质量发展的战略思想，推动经济社会持续健康发展，才能全面增强我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、综合国力，才能为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴奠定雄厚物质基础。
前进道路上，我们必须围绕解决好人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾这个社会主要矛盾，坚决贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，推动高质量发展，推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展，加快建设现代化经济体系，努力实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续的发展。我们要坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，积极转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力，积极扩大内需，实施区域协调发展战略，实施乡村振兴战略，坚决打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治的攻坚战。我们要坚持创新是第一动力、人才是第一资源的理念，实施创新驱动发展战略，完善国家创新体系，加快关键核心技术自主创新，为经济社会发展打造新引擎。我们要加强生态文明建设，牢固树立绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，形成绿色发展方式和生活方式，把我们伟大祖国建设得更加美丽，让人民生活在天更蓝、山更绿、水更清的优美环境之中。
第七，必须坚持扩大开放，不断推动共建人类命运共同体。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：开放带来进步，封闭必然落后。中国的发展离不开世界，世界的繁荣也需要中国。我们统筹国内国际两个大局，坚持对外开放的基本国策，实行积极主动的开放政策，形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的全面开放新格局，为我国创造了良好国际环境、开拓了广阔发展空间。
前进道路上，我们必须高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，恪守维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨，推动建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系。我们要尊重各国人民自主选择发展道路的权利，维护国际公平正义，倡导国际关系民主化，反对把自己的意志强加于人，反对干涉别国内政，反对以强凌弱。我们要发挥负责任大国作用，支持广大发展中国家发展，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，共同为建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界而奋斗。我们要支持开放、透明、包容、非歧视性的多边贸易体制，促进贸易投资自由化便利化，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展。我们要以共建“一带一路”为重点，同各方一道打造国际合作新平台，为世界共同发展增添新动力。中国决不会以牺牲别国利益为代价来发展自己，也决不放弃自己的正当权益。中国奉行防御性的国防政策，中国发展不对任何国家构成威胁。中国无论发展到什么程度都永远不称霸。
第八，必须坚持全面从严治党，不断提高党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：打铁必须自身硬。办好中国的事情，关键在党，关键在坚持党要管党、全面从严治党。我们党只有在领导改革开放和社会主义现代化建设伟大社会革命的同时，坚定不移推进党的伟大自我革命，敢于清除一切侵蚀党的健康肌体的病毒，使党不断自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高，不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力，才能确保党始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系。
前进道路上，我们必须按照新时代党的建设总要求，以政治建设为统领，不断推进党的建设新的伟大工程，不断增强全党团结统一和创造活力，不断增强全党执政本领，把党建设得更加坚强、更加有力。我们要坚持用时代发展要求审视自己，以强烈忧患意识警醒自己，以改革创新精神加强和完善自己，在应对风险挑战中锻炼提高，在解决党内存在的突出矛盾和问题中净化纯洁，不断提高管党治党水平。我们要坚持德才兼备、以德为先、任人唯贤，着力培养忠诚干净担当的高素质干部队伍和宏大的人才队伍。我们要以反腐败永远在路上的坚韧和执着，深化标本兼治，坚决清除一切腐败分子，保证干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明，为继续推进改革开放营造海晏河清的政治生态。
第九，必须坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义世界观和方法论，正确处理改革发展稳定关系。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：我国是一个大国，决不能在根本性问题上出现颠覆性错误。我们坚持加强党的领导和尊重人民首创精神相结合，坚持“摸着石头过河”和顶层设计相结合，坚持问题导向和目标导向相统一，坚持试点先行和全面推进相促进，既鼓励大胆试、大胆闯，又坚持实事求是、善作善成，确保了改革开放行稳致远。
前进道路上，我们要增强战略思维、辩证思维、创新思维、法治思维、底线思维，加强宏观思考和顶层设计，坚持问题导向，聚焦我国发展面临的突出矛盾和问题，深入调查研究，鼓励基层大胆探索，坚持改革决策和立法决策相衔接，不断提高改革决策的科学性。我们要拿出抓铁有痕、踏石留印的韧劲，以钉钉子精神抓好落实，确保各项重大改革举措落到实处。我们既要敢为天下先、敢闯敢试，又要积极稳妥、蹄疾步稳，把改革发展稳定统一起来，坚持方向不变、道路不偏、力度不减，推动新时代改革开放走得更稳、走得更远。
同志们、朋友们！
坚持富国和强军相统一，建设同我国国际地位相称、同国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，是我国社会主义现代化建设的战略任务。我们要全面贯彻新时代党的强军思想，坚持党对军队的绝对领导，把握世界新军事革命发展大势，坚持走中国特色强军之路，全面深化国防和军队改革，推进政治建军、改革强军、科技兴军、依法治军，建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队，努力建设世界一流军队，为维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，为维护世界和平稳定，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供坚强后盾。
“一国两制”伟大构想具有强大生命力。我们要全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照宪法和基本法办事，完善与基本法实施相关的制度和机制，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，支持和推动香港、澳门更好融入国家发展大局，让香港、澳门同胞同祖国人民共担民族复兴的历史责任、共享祖国繁荣富强的伟大荣光。
实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女共同心愿，是中华民族根本利益所在。我们要坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，巩固和发展两岸关系和平发展的基础，深化两岸经济文化交流合作，造福两岸同胞。我们有坚定的政治决心和强大能力维护国家主权和领土完整，祖国的神圣领土一寸都不能分裂出去！
同志们、朋友们！
中国人民具有伟大梦想精神，中华民族充满变革和开放精神。几千年前，中华民族的先民们就秉持“周虽旧邦，其命维新”的精神，开启了缔造中华文明的伟大实践。自古以来，中国大地上发生了无数变法变革图强运动，留下了“治世不一道，便国不法古”等豪迈宣言。自古以来，中华民族就以“天下大同”、“协和万邦”的宽广胸怀，自信而又大度地开展同域外民族交往和文化交流，曾经谱写了万里驼铃万里波的浩浩丝路长歌，也曾经创造了万国衣冠会长安的盛唐气象。正是这种“天行健，君子以自强不息”、“地势坤，君子以厚德载物”的变革和开放精神，使中华文明成为人类历史上唯一一个绵延5000多年至今未曾中断的灿烂文明。以数千年大历史观之，变革和开放总体上是中国的历史常态。中华民族以改革开放的姿态继续走向未来，有着深远的历史渊源、深厚的文化根基。
我们这么大一个国家，就应该有雄心壮志。毛泽东同志说：“夺取全国胜利，这只是万里长征走完了第一步。如果这一步也值得骄傲，那是比较渺小的，更值得骄傲的还在后头。在过了几十年之后来看中国人民民主革命的胜利，就会使人们感觉那好像只是一出长剧的一个短小的序幕。剧是必须从序幕开始的，但序幕还不是高潮。”“我们不但善于破坏一个旧世界，我们还将善于建设一个新世界。”
改革开放之初，虽然我们国家大、人口多、底子薄，面对着重重困难和挑战，但我们对未来充满信心，设计了用70多年、分三步走基本实现社会主义现代化的宏伟蓝图，没有非凡的胆略、坚定的自信是作不出这样宏远的构想和决策的。
40年来，我们咬定青山不放松，风雨无阻朝着这个伟大目标前进。党的十九大对我国发展提出了更高的奋斗目标，形成了从全面建成小康社会到基本实现现代化、再到全面建成社会主义现代化强国的战略安排，发出了实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的最强音。
古人说：“事者，生于虑，成于务，失于傲。”伟大梦想不是等得来、喊得来的，而是拼出来、干出来的。我们现在所处的，是一个船到中流浪更急、人到半山路更陡的时候，是一个愈进愈难、愈进愈险而又不进则退、非进不可的时候。改革开放已走过千山万水，但仍需跋山涉水，摆在全党全国各族人民面前的使命更光荣、任务更艰巨、挑战更严峻、工作更伟大。在这个千帆竞发、百舸争流的时代，我们绝不能有半点骄傲自满、固步自封，也绝不能有丝毫犹豫不决、徘徊彷徨，必须统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，勇立潮头、奋勇搏击。
信仰、信念、信心，任何时候都至关重要。小到一个人、一个集体，大到一个政党、一个民族、一个国家，只要有信仰、信念、信心，就会愈挫愈奋、愈战愈勇，否则就会不战自败、不打自垮。无论过去、现在还是将来，对马克思主义的信仰，对中国特色社会主义的信念，对实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的信心，都是指引和支撑中国人民站起来、富起来、强起来的强大精神力量。
同志们、朋友们！
四十载惊涛拍岸，九万里风鹏正举。江河之所以能冲开绝壁夺隘而出，是因其积聚了千里奔涌、万壑归流的洪荒伟力。在近代以来漫长的历史进程中，中国人民经历了太多太多的磨难，付出了太多太多的牺牲，进行了太多太多的拼搏。现在，中国人民和中华民族在历史进程中积累的强大能量已经充分爆发出来了，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了势不可挡的磅礴力量。
建成社会主义现代化强国，实现中华民族伟大复兴，是一场接力跑，我们要一棒接着一棒跑下去，每一代人都要为下一代人跑出一个好成绩。
全党全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结在党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，不忘初心，牢记使命，将改革开放进行到底，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往，在新时代创造中华民族新的更大奇迹！创造让世界刮目相看的新的更大奇迹！
Website of the State Council Information Office www.scio.gov.cn 2018-12-18 Source: Xinhua News Agency
Speech at the celebration of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up
(December 18, 2018)
Xi Jinping
Comrades, friends:
December 18, 1978 marks an important day in the history of the Chinese nation, in the history of the Chinese Communist Party, in the history of the People's Republic of China, and it will be an important day in the annals of history. On this day, our party convened the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee to realize the great turning point of the party's history since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and opened the great journey of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
Today, we are here to hold a grand gathering, reviewing the glorious course of the 40 years of reform and opening up, summing up the great achievements and valuable experience of reform and opening up, and mobilizing the entire party and the people of all nationalities to continue to push reform and opening up in the new era. The one-hundred-year struggle for the goal of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unremitting struggle.
Comrades, friends!
The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party was held at a major historical juncture of where the party and the country faced. At that time, the world economy developed rapidly, and science and technology progressed with each passing day. The decade of the "Cultural Revolution" caused the country's economy to be on the verge of collapse. People's food and clothing were a problem, and the country's construction industry was waiting. The inside and outside of the party strongly demanded that the mistakes of the "Cultural Revolution" be corrected, so that the party and the state would rise again from the crisis. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "If we do not implement reforms now, our modernization cause and socialist cause will be ruined."
Under the leadership of Comrade Deng Xiaoping and the support of the older generation of revolutionaries, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party broke through the serious shackles of the long-term "Left" mistakes, criticized the "two things" wrong policy, and fully affirmed that the scientific system of Mao Zedong Thought must be fully and accurately mastered, highly appraised the discussion on the issue of the standard of truth, decisively ended "taking class struggle as the key link" and re-established the ideological line, political line, and organizational line of Marxism. Since then, China’s reform and opening up has opened the curtain.
Our party’s historic decision to implement reform and opening up is based on a profound grasp of the future of the party and the country. It is based on a profound summary of the socialist revolution and construction practices. It is based on a profound insight into the trend of the times and is based on the masses of the people. Deep understanding of expectations and needs. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "Poverty is not socialism." "We must catch up with the times. This is the purpose of reform."
Historical development has its laws, but people are not completely passive in it. As long as we grasp the historical development trend, seize the opportunity of historical change, work hard, and forge ahead, human society can make better progress.
Reform and opening up is a great awakening of our party. It is this great awakening that gave birth to the great creation of our party from theory to practice. Reform and opening up is a great revolution in the history of the development of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. It is this great revolution that has promoted the great leap of socialism with Chinese characteristics!
Comrades, friends!
The establishment of the Communist Party of China, the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the promotion of reform and opening up, and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics are the three major historical events that have taken place in China since the May 4th Movement and are the three major milestones in the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in modern times.
The Communist Party of China, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, combined the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution, founded Mao Zedong Thought, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, and after a long period of bloody struggle, completed the new-democratic revolution. The People's Republic of China was established, the basic system of socialism was established, and the most profound and greatest social changes in Chinese history were successfully realized, laying a fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all development and progress in contemporary China. In the process of exploration, although experienced severe twists and turns, the original theoretical achievements and great achievements made by the party in the socialist revolution and construction provided valuable experience, theoretical preparation, and material for creating socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period. basis.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, profoundly summed up the positive and negative experiences of China's socialist construction, and learned from the historical experience of world socialism. Deng Xiaoping Theory, made a historic decision to transfer the party and state work centers to economic construction, implement reform and opening up, profoundly reveal the essence of socialism, establish the basic line of the primary stage of socialism, and clearly propose to take their own path and build a society with Chinese characteristics. Science has scientifically answered a series of basic problems in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has formulated a development strategy of three steps in the middle of the 21st century and basically realized socialist modernization, and successfully created socialism with Chinese characteristics.
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, adhered to the party’s basic theories and basic lines, and deepened what is socialism and how to build society. What kind of party is built and how to build the party's understanding, accumulates valuable experience in governing the party and the country, and has formed the important thinking of the "three represents." In the face of the complicated situation at home and abroad and the severe test of the serious social twists and turns in the world, the socialism with Chinese characteristics was defended, the reform goals and basic framework of the socialist market economic system were established, and the basic economic system of the primary stage of socialism was established. The distribution system has created a new situation of comprehensive reform and opening up, promoted the new great project of party building, and successfully pushed socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.
After the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Hu Jintao as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, and adhered to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the 'Three Represents,' and profoundly understood according to the new development requirements. And answering major issues such as what kind of development and how to develop under the new situation, forming a scientific development concept, grasping the period of important strategic opportunities, and promoting practical innovation, theoretical innovation, and institutional innovation in the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, emphasizing persistence People-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, forming a general layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics, focusing on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, promoting social fairness and justice, promoting the building of a harmonious world, and promoting the building of the party's ability to govern and the construction of advanced nature, succeeding at a new historical starting point Upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities in the country to comprehensively examine the new situation at home and abroad. By summing up practice and looking into the future, we have profoundly answered the question of the kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics that has persisted and developed in the new era. We adhere to and develop the important era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, form a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the overall planning of the "five in one" overall layout, coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and adhere to the steady progress of our work. The key element is to propose a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for the work of the party and the country, to promote historic changes in the cause of the party and the state, and to achieve historic achievements. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. With great political courage and wisdom, we propose that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and strive to enhance the systemic, holistic and synergistic reforms, and focus on major issues. Institutional innovation, efforts to improve the people's sense of acquisition, happiness, security, launched more than 1,600 reform programs, smashed a lot of hard bones, smashed a lot of rapids and shoals, reforms showed full power, more breakthroughs, hoofs Stable and deep advancement.
Hardships and difficulties temper one like grinding jade [玉汝于成; adversity can help a person succeed]. For 40 years, we have emancipated our minds, sought truth from facts, boldly tried and bravely changed, and made a new world. From the implementation of household contracting, the emergence of township and village enterprises, the abolition of agricultural tax and animal husbandry taxes and specialties tax to the rural contracted land, "three powers", win the fight against poverty, implement the rural revitalization strategy, from the establishment of Shenzhen and other special economic zones, along the coast along the river .The cities along the inland and inland areas are open to the World Trade Organization, jointly building the “Belt and Road”, setting up a free trade pilot zone, planning a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, and successfully hosting the first China International Import Expo, from “bringing in” to “going” Going out, from doing a good job in the state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises, developing the individual and private economy, deepening the reform of state-owned state-owned enterprises, and developing a mixed-ownership economy, from the single public ownership to the public ownership as the main body, the multi-ownership economy develops together and adheres to the "two unwavering". From the traditional planned economic system to the unprecedented socialist market economic system to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the better play of the role of the government, from the economic system reform to the comprehensive deepening of economic, political, cultural, social, Ecological civilization system and party building system reform, And state institutional reform, administrative management system reform, legal system reform, judicial system reform, foreign affairs system reform, social governance system reform, ecological environment supervision system reform, national security system reform, national defense and army reform, party leadership and party A series of major reforms, such as the reform of the construction system and the reform of the discipline inspection and supervision system, have been carried out in a solid manner. The implementation of various measures to facilitate the welfare of the people, assist the people, and benefit the people has made the reform and opening up become the most remarkable feature and the most magnificent weather in contemporary China.
Comrades, friends!
In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, from the beginning of the new era to the new century, from the new starting point to the new era, 40 years of hard work, 40 years of thorns, 40 years of hard work, our party led the people to paint a magnificent, imposing The magnificent historical scrolls compose a song of praise and enthusiasm.
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, seeking truth and being pragmatic, persisting in the guiding position of Marxism, unswervingly adhering to the basic principles of scientific socialism, bravely promoting theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, Cultural innovation and innovation in all aspects have consistently endowed socialism with Chinese characteristics with distinct practical characteristics, theoretical characteristics, national characteristics, and characteristics of the times, forming a socialist road, theory, system, and culture with Chinese characteristics, and demonstrating science with irrefutable facts. The vitality of socialism, the great banner of socialism has always been flying high on the land of China!
——In the past 40 years, we have always adhered to economic construction as the center and continuously liberated and developed social productive forces. China’s GDP has grown from 367.9 billion yuan to 82.7 trillion yuan in 2017, with an average annual growth rate of 9.5%, much higher than In the same period, the world economy grew at an average annual rate of 2.9%. China’s GDP as a share of world GDP has risen from 1.8% at the beginning of reform and opening up to 15.2%, and its contribution to world economic growth has exceeded 30% over the years. The total import and export volume of China's goods has increased from 20.6 billion US dollars to more than 4 trillion US dollars. The cumulative use of foreign direct investment has exceeded 2 trillion US dollars, and the total foreign investment has reached 1.9 trillion US dollars. The output of China's major agricultural products has leapt to the forefront of the world, and the world's most complete modern industrial system has been established, and technological innovations and major projects have been reported frequently. China's infrastructure construction achievements are remarkable, information is smooth, highways are networked, railways are densely covered, high dams stand, West-East Gas Pipeline, South-to-North Water Transfer, high-speed rail speeding, huge-wheel voyage, aircraft flying, and Tianzhu change. At present, China is the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, the largest country in terms of trade in goods, the second largest country in commodity consumption, and the second largest country in foreign capital. China's foreign exchange reserves rank first in the world for many years, and the Chinese people are rich. The journey to get up and strengthen has taken a decisive step!
——For 40 years, we have always adhered to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, continuously deepened political system reform, developed socialist democratic politics, improved party and state leadership systems, and comprehensively promoted the rule of law in a comprehensive manner. The socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has become increasingly sound. The system guarantee and the rule of law guarantee for the people to be the masters of the country are more powerful, the human rights cause is comprehensively developed, the patriotic united front is more consolidated, and the people enjoy and exercise democratic rights in accordance with the law, the content is more abundant, the channels are more convenient, the forms are more diverse, and they control their own destiny. The Chinese people have shown unprecedented enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and have demonstrated their powerful strength in the reform, opening up and socialist modernization drive!
——For 40 years, we have always adhered to the development of advanced socialist culture, strengthened the building of socialist spiritual civilization, cultivated and practiced the core values of socialism, passed on and promoted the excellent traditional Chinese culture, adhered to scientific theory, and pointed to the correct public opinion. Gathering strength, shaping the soul with advanced culture, inspiring morale with excellent works, patriotism, collectivism, and socialist spirit are widely promoted, the model of the times and the model of heroes are constantly emerging, the culture and art are prosperous, the network of letters is developing rapidly, and the ideal of the whole nation is ideal. Faith and cultural self-confidence continue to increase, and the national cultural soft power and Chinese cultural influence have increased significantly. The great spirit of reform and opening up created by reform and opening up has greatly enriched the national spiritual connotation and has become the most distinctive spiritual identity of the contemporary Chinese people!
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood in development, and comprehensively promoting young children's education, learning to teach, earning income, getting medical care, being old, living, living, and weak. Help, continuously improve people's lives and enhance people's well-being. The per capita disposable income of the national residents increased from 171 yuan to 26,000 yuan, and the middle-income group continued to expand. The poverty-stricken population in China has decreased by 740 million people, and the incidence of poverty has dropped by 94.4 percentage points, which has written a glorious chapter in the history of human anti-poverty. The education industry has developed in an all-round way, and the nine-year compulsory education consolidation rate reached 93.8%. China has built the world's largest social security system including pension, medical care, subsistence allowances and housing. The basic pension insurance covers more than 900 million people and medical insurance covers more than 1.3 billion people. The urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 58.52%, an increase of 40.6 percentage points. The life expectancy of residents increased from 67.8 years in 1981 to 76.7 years in 2017. China's overall social situation has remained stable for a long time and has become one of the most secure countries in the world. Tickets for food stamps, cloth tickets, meat tickets, fish tickets, oil tickets, tofu tickets, non-staple food, industrial vouchers, etc., which have been inseparable from the lives of the people, have entered the history museum, hungry, lack of food, wear less, and live hard. The problems that have plagued our people for thousands of years are gone forever!
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on protecting the environment and conserving resources, persisting in the promotion of ecological civilization construction, accelerating the formation of an ecological civilization system, gradually improving the system of main functional areas, making significant progress in energy conservation and emission reduction, and major ecological protection and restoration projects are progressing smoothly. The ecological environment governance has been significantly strengthened, and it has actively participated in and guided the international cooperation on climate change. The Chinese people’s homes born in Sri Lanka and grew up are more beautiful and pleasant!
——For 40 years, we have always upheld the party’s absolute leadership over the military, continuously promoted the modernization of national defense and the military, promoted the revolutionary reshaping of the people’s army, made historic breakthroughs in weapons and equipment, and fundamentally changed the way of administering military affairs. The level of chemistry has been significantly improved. The ability of the people's army to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests has been significantly enhanced. It has become a powerful force to defend the people's happy life and defend the motherland and the world's peace!
—— For 40 years, we have consistently promoted the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland, implemented the basic principle of “one country, two systems”, successively resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and Macao, and washed away the humiliation of the Chinese nation for centuries. We adhere to the one-China principle and the "92 Consensus", strengthen cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, resolutely oppose and contain the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and firmly grasp the leading power and initiative of cross-strait relations. The sense of national identity and cultural identity of all Chinese people at home and abroad has been greatly enhanced, and the will to build a Chinese dream together is stronger!
—— For 40 years, we have always adhered to an independent foreign policy of peace, always taking the road of peaceful development, pursuing an open strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, firmly upholding the basic norms of international relations, and safeguarding international fairness and justice. We have realized a historical transition from closed to semi-closed to full-scale openness, actively participated in the process of economic globalization, and made due contributions to promoting the common development of mankind. We actively promote the construction of an open world economy, build a community of human destiny, promote the transformation of the global governance system, clearly oppose hegemonism and power politics, and continuously contribute to China's wisdom, China's programs, and China's power for world peace and development. China is increasingly approaching the center of the world stage and has become a recognized builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order!
——For the past 40 years, we have always insisted on strengthening and improving the party ’s leadership, actively responding to various risks and tests faced by the party under the conditions of long-term governance and reform and opening up, and continued to advance the new great project of party building, maintaining the party ’s advanced nature and purity, and maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the people. We are actively exploring the laws governing the Communist Party, the laws governing socialist construction, and the laws governing the development of human society, and we are constantly exploring new realms of Sinicization of Marxism. We insist that the party should manage the party, strictly govern the party, purify the political ecology within the party, adhere to the principle of upholding integrity, vigorously rectify formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance, and severely punish corruption and fight corruption with a zero tolerance attitude. We have achieved an overwhelming victory. Our party is firmly at the forefront of the times in the revolutionary forging and has always been the backbone of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation!
In the 40 years of spring and autumn, the reform and opening up has greatly changed the face of China, the face of the Chinese nation, the face of the Chinese people, and the face of the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich and getting stronger! Socialism with Chinese characteristics has ushered in a great leap from creation, development to perfection! The Chinese people have ushered in a great leap from inadequate food and clothing to well-off prosperity! The Chinese nation is standing in the East of the world with a new attitude!
The achievements in the past 40 years have not fallen from the sky, nor have they been donated by others. Instead, the people of all nationalities and the whole nation have worked hard, wisdom and courage! We have spent decades working through the industrialization process that the developed countries have gone through for hundreds of years. In the hands of the Chinese people, it is impossible to become possible. We are extremely proud and proud of the Chinese people who have created the miracle of humanity!
Here, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, I have contributed wisdom and strength to the broad masses of workers, peasants, intellectuals, cadres, PLA officers and soldiers, officers and men of the armed police, and police officers to the democratic parties on all fronts for reform, opening up, and socialist modernization. And pay tribute to non-party people, people's organizations, and patriots from all walks of life! I sincerely extend my sincere greetings to the compatriots of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region, the Taiwan compatriots and the overseas Chinese who have made active efforts for the reform, opening up and modernization of the motherland! I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all foreign friends and people from all over the world who care about and support China's reform, opening up, and modernization!
Comrades, friends!
The practice of 40 years has fully proved that since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, our party has united and led the roads, theories, systems and cultures with Chinese characteristics opened up by the people of all nationalities in China. The basic theory and basics of the party have been formed. The route and basic strategy are completely correct.
The 40 years of practice have fully proved that China's development has provided a successful experience for the developing countries to modernize, demonstrated a bright future, is a powerful force for promoting world peace and development, and is a major contribution of the Chinese nation to the progress of human civilization.
The practice of 40 years have fully proved that reform and opening up is an important magic weapon for the party and the people to keep up with the times. It is the only way to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is a key decision that determines the destiny of contemporary China. Year and it is the key to the goal of striving for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Only by conforming to the historical trend, actively adapting, and actively seeking change, can we walk with the times. "The power of the line is to become more and more advanced, and the depth of knowledge is more and more." The valuable experience accumulated in the 40 years of reform and opening up is a precious spiritual wealth of the party and the people. It is extremely important for the new era to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. The guiding significance must be cherished, persisted for a long time, and continuously enriched and developed in practice.
First, we must uphold the party’s leadership over all work and constantly strengthen and improve party leadership. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The party, government, and the people's studies, the East, the West, the Middle East, the Middle East, the party is leading everything. It is precisely because we have always adhered to the party’s centralized and unified leadership that we can achieve a great historical turning point, open a new era of reform and opening up, and a new journey of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only in order to successfully cope with a series of major risk challenges and overcome countless difficulties and obstacles can we effectively respond to the situation. Pingfeng wave, war flood, anti-SARS, anti-earthquake, and crisis can not take the road of closed and rigid old roads or the evil road of changing flags, but firmly adhere to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics. To uphold the leadership of the party, we must constantly improve the party's leadership and make the party's leadership more adaptable to the requirements of practice, the times, and the people. On the issue of upholding the party's leadership, the major principle that determines the future and destiny of the party and the country, the entire party must maintain a high degree of ideological consciousness, political consciousness, and conscious action, and it cannot be shaken.
On the way forward, we must strengthen the "four senses" and strengthen the "four self-confidences", resolutely safeguard the party's central authority and centralize unified leadership, and implement and reflect the party's leadership to reform, development, stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs, national defense, and the rule of the country. The military and other fields. Every step of reform and opening up is not easy. In the future, we will face such risk challenges and even encounter unimaginable storms. Our party must take the overall situation, coordinate all parties, adhere to scientific governance, democratic governance, and rule by law, improve the party's leadership style and ruling style, improve the party's ability to govern and leadership, and constantly improve the party's direction, the overall situation, the policy, The ability to promote reform and the determination to ensure that the ship of reform and opening up will follow the correct course.
Second, we must adhere to the people as the center and constantly realize the people's yearning for a better life. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: seeking happiness for the Chinese people and seeking rejuvenation for the Chinese nation is the initial heart and mission of the Chinese Communists and the initial heart and mission of reform and opening up. It is the fundamental purpose of the party that our party comes from the people, roots the people, benefits the people, and serves the people wholeheartedly. We must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the fundamental starting point and foothold of all our work, and insist on the support of the people. Their approval and the disapproval, their happiness or unhappy ought to be taken as the basis for formulating policies, complying with the people's desires, respecting public opinion, paying attention to the people's sentiments, and striving for people's livelihood. It not only leads the people forward by proposing and implementing correct theories and guidelines, but also gains momentum from the people's practical creation and development requirements. Let the people share the fruits of reform and opening up and inspire the people to more consciously participate in the cause of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
On the way forward, we must always regard the people’s longing for a better life as our goal, practice the party’s fundamental purpose, implement the party’s mass line, respect the people’s dominant position, and respect the will expressed by the people in their practical activities. The experience created, the rights it has, and the role it plays have fully stimulated the creative power that lies in the people. We must improve the democratic system, broaden the channels of democracy, enrich the forms of democracy, improve the protection of the rule of law, and ensure that the people enjoy the democratic rights that are widely, fully, truly, concretely and effectively used in accordance with the law. We must focus on solving the urgent needs of the people and let the people share economic, political, cultural, social, ecological and other development achievements. There are more, more direct and more realistic feelings of acquisition, happiness and security. Promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people.
Third, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism and constantly advance theoretical innovation on the basis of practice. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: innovation is the life of reform and opening up. There is no end to the development of practice, and there is no end to emancipating the mind. Engels said: "The ultimate cause of all social changes and political changes should not be found in people's minds, in people's increasingly acquainted understanding of eternal truth and justice, but in the change of production methods and exchange methods. To find". We adhere to the theory and practice, answer the questions of the times and the people's questions in a timely manner, clear up the fog of thoughts that plague and constrain the development of practice, continuously promote the popularization of Marxism in China, and constantly open up a new realm of Marxism.
On the way forward, we must adhere to the guiding principles of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of the "Three Represents", the scientific development concept, and the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and adhere to the organic unity of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts. Developing the Marxism in the 21st century and contemporary Chinese Marxism is the historical responsibility of the contemporary Chinese Communist Party. We must strengthen the awareness of the problem, the consciousness of the times, and the sense of strategy. We should grasp the essence and internal connection of the development of things with a profound historical perspective and a broad international perspective, closely follow the creative practices of hundreds of millions of people, learn from the absorption of all outstanding human civilization achievements, and continually answer The new major issues raised by the times and practices have enabled contemporary Chinese Marxism to radiate a more brilliant truth.
Fourth, we must adhere to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and constantly uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the direction determines the future, and the road determines the fate. If we want to hold our destiny in our own hands, we must be determined to be unchanging and unchanging. In the 40 years of reform and opening up, the theme of all our party's theory and practice is to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. In China, a big country with more than 5,000 years of civilization and more than 1.3 billion people, it is a textbook that can be regarded as a golden rule, and there is no teacher who can swear by the Chinese people. Mr. Lu Xun said: "What is the road? It is the place that has been trampled out from the place where there is no road, and it has been opened up from the place where only the thorns are found." The road of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the road to the prosperity of contemporary China and catching up with the times and leading the development of the times. Don't waver down.
On the way forward, we must adhere to the guidance of the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, strengthen the "four self-confidences", and firmly grasp the direction of reform and opening up. What to change and how to change must be based on whether it is in line with the overall goal of perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. We must resolutely change the reforms that cannot be changed. The change will not change. We must uphold the party's basic line, unite the two basic points of adhering to the four basic principles and adhere to the reform and opening up with economic construction as the center, and adhere to the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We will continue to do so for a long time.
Fifth, we must persist in improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and constantly exerting and strengthening our institutional advantages. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the system is a fundamental, overall, stable and long-term issue concerning the development of the cause of the party and the state. We have tweaked the key to perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, providing a powerful guarantee for liberating and developing social productive forces, emancipating and enhancing social vitality, and maintaining the vitality of the party and the country. In order to maintain the stability of the overall situation of the society and ensure the people’s livelihood and security, National security provides a strong guarantee, letting all the energies of labor, knowledge, technology, management, capital and other elements compete to let go, so that all sources of social wealth are constantly flowing and constantly establishing a dynamic institutional mechanism.
On the way forward, we must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and stimulate various market players. vitality. We must uphold the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, and uphold and improve the people's congress system, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots self-government. Governing the country, consolidating and developing the most extensive patriotic united front, developing socialist deliberative democracy, and using the system to ensure that the people are the masters of the country. We must strengthen the institutional construction of the cultural field, raise the banner, gather the hearts of the people, educate new people, promote the culture, display the image, actively cultivate and practice the core values of socialism, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and inherit the revolutionary culture and development. Advanced culture, strive to create a Chinese culture that shines in the light and shines in the world. We must strengthen the building of social governance systems, continuously promote social fairness and justice, and maintain social stability and order. We must strengthen the construction of an ecological civilization system and implement the most stringent ecological environmental protection system. We must resolutely remove all institutional and institutional obstacles and interests that hinder development, and accelerate the formation of a system that is well-systemized, scientifically standardized, and effective, and promotes a more mature and stereotyped socialist system with Chinese characteristics.
Sixth, we must adhere to the development of the top priority and continuously enhance China's overall national strength. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has enlightened us: liberating and developing social productive forces and enhancing the comprehensive national strength of the socialist countries are the essential requirements and fundamental tasks of socialism. Only by firmly holding the center of economic construction, unswervingly insisting that development is the last word, development should be the strategic thinking of scientific development and high-quality development, and promoting sustained and healthy economic and social development, can comprehensively enhance China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and national defense. Strength and comprehensive national strength can lay a solid material foundation for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
On the way forward, we must focus on solving the major social contradictions between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the development of unbalanced development, and resolutely implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and promote the overall development. The overall layout of the "Five in One", coordinated and promoted the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, promoted high-quality development, promoted the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, accelerated the construction of a modern economic system, and strived to achieve higher quality and Efficient, fairer and more sustainable development. We must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, actively transform the development mode, optimize the economic structure, transform the growth momentum, actively expand domestic demand, implement the regional coordinated development strategy, implement the rural revitalization strategy, resolutely lay the groundwork to prevent and resolve major risks, and accurately eliminate poverty. The battle for pollution prevention and control. We must adhere to the concept that innovation is the first driving force, talent is the first resource, implement innovation-driven development strategy, improve the national innovation system, accelerate the independent innovation of key core technologies, and create a new engine for economic and social development. We must strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, firmly establish the green water and green hills is the concept of Jinshan Yinshan, form a green development mode and lifestyle, and build our great motherland to be more beautiful, let the people live in the blue, green and water. In the beautiful environment of the Qing.
Seventh, we must persist in expanding openness and constantly promote the building of a community of human destiny. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: openness brings progress, and closure is bound to fall behind. China's development cannot be separated from the world, and the prosperity of the world also needs China. We will coordinate the two major domestic and international situations, adhere to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, implement a proactive open policy, and form a comprehensive new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging areas, creating a good international environment for our country and opening up a broad space for development. .
On the way forward, we must uphold the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, abide by the foreign policy objectives of safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, and promote the building of new international relations of mutual respect, fairness, justice, cooperation and win-win. We must respect the right of people of all countries to choose their own development path, safeguard international fairness and justice, advocate the democratization of international relations, oppose imposing their will on others, oppose interference in other countries' internal affairs, and oppose strong bullying. We must play the role of a responsible big country, support the development of the vast number of developing countries, actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system, and work together to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, and clean beauty. We must support an open, transparent, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and promote economic globalization toward a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction. We must focus on building the “Belt and Road” and work together with all parties to build a new platform for international cooperation and add new impetus to the common development of the world. China will never develop itself at the expense of the interests of other countries, and will never give up its legitimate rights and interests. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, and China's development does not pose a threat to any country. No matter how far China develops, it will never seek hegemony.
Eighth, we must persist in the strict administration of the party and continuously improve the party's creativity, cohesiveness, and combat effectiveness. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: Ironing must be hard. The key to running China's affairs is the party. The key is to uphold the party's ability to manage the party and to strictly manage the party. Only by leading the great social revolution of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, our party will unswervingly push forward the party's great self-revolution, dare to remove all viruses that erode the healthy body of the party, and enable the party to continuously purify itself, improve itself, and innovate itself. Self-improvement, and constantly enhance the party's political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization, and social appeal, can ensure that the party always maintains flesh-and-blood ties with the people.
On the way forward, we must follow the general requirements of the party building in the new era and take political construction as the guide, continuously push forward the new great project of party building, continuously strengthen the unity and unity of the entire party, create vitality, and constantly strengthen the ruling ability of the whole party. The construction is stronger and more powerful. We must persist in examining ourselves with the requirements of the development of the times, alert ourselves with a strong sense of urgency, strengthen and improve ourselves with the spirit of reform and innovation, exercise improvement in coping with risk challenges, purify and purify in solving outstanding contradictions and problems existing in the party, and continuously improve Governing the party and managing the party. We must adhere to the combination of both ability and political integrity, morality first, meritocracy, and strive to cultivate a high-quality cadre team and a large talent team. We must deepen the tackling of both the symptoms and the roots with the perseverance and perseverance of anti-corruption on the road, resolutely eliminate all corrupt elements, ensure the cadres are clean, the government is clean, and politically clear, and create a political ecology of Haishuheqing for continuing to promote reform and opening up.
Ninth, we must adhere to the dialectical materialism and historical materialism world outlook and methodology, and correctly handle the relationship between reform, development, and stability. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: China is a big country and we must never make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. We adhere to the combination of strengthening the party's leadership and respecting the people's initiative, adhering to the combination of “touching the stones and crossing the river” and the top-level design, adhering to the unity of problem orientation and goal orientation, adhering to the pilot advancement and comprehensive promotion, and encouraging bold trials. I am bold, and persist in seeking truth from facts and doing good deeds to ensure that the reform and opening up will be stable and far-reaching.
On the way forward, we must strengthen strategic thinking, dialectical thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking, bottom line thinking, strengthen macro thinking and top-level design, adhere to problem-oriented, focus on the prominent contradictions and problems facing China's development, conduct in-depth investigation and study, and encourage grassroots boldness. Explore, adhere to the convergence of reform decision-making and legislative decision-making, and continuously improve the scientific nature of reform decisions. We must take out the tenacity of scratching the iron and stepping on the stone, and do a good job of nailing the nails to ensure that all major reform measures are implemented. We must dare to be the first in the world, dare to dare to try, but also to be active and steady, steadily and steadily, to stabilize and unify the reform and development, to maintain the same direction, the road is not biased, and the strength is not diminished, and to push the reform and opening up in the new era to be more stable. Go further.
Comrades, friends!
It is the strategic task of China's socialist modernization drive to adhere to the unity of rich countries and strong military forces, and to build a national defense and a strong army that is commensurate with China's international status and compatible with national security and development interests. We must comprehensively implement the party's strong military ideology in the new era, uphold the party's absolute leadership over the military, grasp the general trend of the world's new military revolution, adhere to the road of strengthening the military with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively deepen national defense and military reform, and promote political building and reform. Strengthening the military, developing the army through science and technology, and managing the army according to law, building a people's army that listens to the party's command, can win the battle and has a good work style, and strives to build a world-class army. To safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, and to maintain world peace and stability, To provide a strong backing for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The great concept of "one country, two systems" has a strong vitality. We must comprehensively and accurately implement the policy of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao" and a high degree of autonomy. We will strictly follow the Constitution and the Basic Law, improve the systems and mechanisms related to the implementation of the Basic Law, and maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. We will support and promote the better integration of Hong Kong and Macao into the overall situation of national development, and let the compatriots of Hong Kong and Macao share the historical responsibility of national rejuvenation with the people of the motherland and share the great glory of the prosperity and prosperity of the motherland.
Realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese people and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. We must adhere to the one-China principle and the "92 Consensus", consolidate and develop the foundation for the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, deepen cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and benefit the compatriots on both sides of the strait. We have firm political determination and strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and the sacred territory of the motherland cannot be split.
Comrades, friends!
The Chinese people have a great dream spirit, and the Chinese nation is full of revolution and openness. Thousands of years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation upheld the great practice of creating Chinese civilization by upholding the spirit of " "While Zhou is an old state, its fate is restored." Since ancient times, there have been countless reforms in the land of China, and the heroic declarations such as "not to rule the world, to make the country unlawful" have been left. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has carried out the social exchanges and cultural exchanges of the same region with confidence and generosity with the broad mind of "Great World" and "Concord Wanbang". It has written the long song of the vast road of Wanlibo Wanlibo. It has also created the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty in Chang'an. It is this transformation and open spirit of "Tian Xingjian, gentlemen with self-improvement", "Geo-sports, gentlemen with virtue", which makes Chinese civilization the only splendid civilization in human history that has not been interrupted for more than 5,000 years. With thousands of years of history, change and openness are generally the historical norm of China. The Chinese nation continues to move toward the future with its attitude of reform and opening up. It has far-reaching historical roots and profound cultural roots.
If we are such a big country, we should have ambitions. Comrade Mao Zedong said: "To win the national victory, this is only the first step in the long march. If this step is also worthy of pride, it is relatively small, and more proud to be behind. Seeing China after a few decades The victory of the people's democratic revolution will make people feel that it is just a short prelude to a long drama. The drama must start from the prelude, but the prelude is not the climax." "We are not only good at destroying an old world, we also Will be good at building a new world."
At the beginning of reform and opening up, although our country is large, with a large population and a weak foundation, we are faced with difficulties and challenges. However, we are full of confidence in the future and have designed a grand blueprint for achieving socialist modernization with more than 70 years and three steps. No extraordinary courage and firm self-confidence can't make such far-reaching ideas and decisions.
For 40 years, we have determined that Castle Peak will not relax, and the wind and rain will move forward toward this great goal. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward higher goals for the development of China, and formed a strategic arrangement from building a well-off society in an all-round way to basically realizing modernization to building a socialist modernization and strengthening country. It has issued a Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The strongest sound.
The ancients said: "Those who are born are born of anxiety, become successful in business, and lose pride." Great dreams are not waiting for, calling, but spelling out and doing it. What we are in now is a time when the ship is more turbulent and the road to the mountain is steeper. It is a time when it is getting harder and harder, getting more and more dangerous, and not getting in and going back. Reform and opening up have gone through thousands of mountains and rivers, but they still need to wading through mountains and rivers. The mission ahead of the entire party and the people of all nationalities is even more glorious, the task is more arduous, the challenges are more severe, and the work is even greater. In this era of thousands of sails and hundreds of battles, we must not be half-pointed, complacent, self-sufficient, and must not hesitate to succumb to the great struggles, great works, great undertakings, great dreams. Courage the tide and fight hard.
Belief, conviction, and confidence are vital at all times. As small as a person, a collective, as large as a political party, a nation, or a country, as long as there is faith, conviction, and confidence, they will become more frustrated, more wary, and more courageous, otherwise they will not defeat themselves or fight themselves and collapse. No matter in the past, present or future, the belief in Marxism, the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the confidence in realizing the great dream of the Chinese nation's rejuvenation in China are the powerful spirits that guide and support the Chinese people to stand up, get rich, and become a stronger power.
Comrades, friends!
Forty years of shocking waves, the 90,000 miles of wind Peng is lifting. The reason why the rivers can rush out of the cliffs is because of the accumulation of thousands of miles of rushing and dying. In the long history of modern times, the Chinese people have experienced too many hardships, paid too many sacrifices, and carried out too much hard work. Now, the powerful energy accumulated by the Chinese people and the Chinese nation in the historical process has fully erupted, providing an unstoppable strength for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Building a socialist modernization and strengthening the country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay run. We must run one after the other, and every generation must ran a good result for the next generation.
The entire party and the people of all nationalities should be more closely united around the Party Central Committee, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, remember the original heart, bear in mind the mission, carry out reform and opening up to the end, and constantly realize the people's yearning for a better life and create in the new era. The new miracle of the Chin-->
1978年12月18日，在中华民族历史上，在中国共产党历史上，在中华人民共和国历史上，都必将是载入史册的重要日子。这一天，我们党召开十一届三中全会，实现新中国成立以来党的历史上具有深远意义的伟大转折，开启了改革开放和社会主义现代化的伟大征程。
今天，我们在这里隆重集会，回顾改革开放40年的光辉历程，总结改革开放的伟大成就和宝贵经验，动员全党全国各族人民在新时代继续把改革开放推向前进，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦不懈奋斗。
12月18日，庆祝改革开放40周年大会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行。中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席习近平在大会上发表重要讲话。（新华社记者 姚大伟 摄）
同志们、朋友们！
党的十一届三中全会是在党和国家面临何去何从的重大历史关头召开的。当时，世界经济快速发展，科技进步日新月异，而“文化大革命”十年内乱导致我国经济濒临崩溃的边缘，人民温饱都成问题，国家建设百业待兴。党内外强烈要求纠正“文化大革命”的错误，使党和国家从危难中重新奋起。邓小平同志指出：“如果现在再不实行改革，我们的现代化事业和社会主义事业就会被葬送。”
在邓小平同志领导下和老一辈革命家支持下，党的十一届三中全会冲破长期“左”的错误的严重束缚，批评“两个凡是”的错误方针，充分肯定必须完整、准确地掌握毛泽东思想的科学体系，高度评价关于真理标准问题的讨论，果断结束“以阶级斗争为纲”，重新确立马克思主义的思想路线、政治路线、组织路线。从此，我国改革开放拉开了大幕。
我们党作出实行改革开放的历史性决策，是基于对党和国家前途命运的深刻把握，是基于对社会主义革命和建设实践的深刻总结，是基于对时代潮流的深刻洞察，是基于对人民群众期盼和需要的深刻体悟。邓小平同志指出：“贫穷不是社会主义”，“我们要赶上时代，这是改革要达到的目的”。
历史发展有其规律，但人在其中不是完全消极被动的。只要把握住历史发展大势，抓住历史变革时机，奋发有为，锐意进取，人类社会就能更好前进。
改革开放是我们党的一次伟大觉醒，正是这个伟大觉醒孕育了我们党从理论到实践的伟大创造。改革开放是中国人民和中华民族发展史上一次伟大革命，正是这个伟大革命推动了中国特色社会主义事业的伟大飞跃！
同志们、朋友们！
建立中国共产党、成立中华人民共和国、推进改革开放和中国特色社会主义事业，是五四运动以来我国发生的三大历史性事件，是近代以来实现中华民族伟大复兴的三大里程碑。
以毛泽东同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，把马克思列宁主义基本原理同中国革命具体实践结合起来，创立了毛泽东思想，团结带领全党全国各族人民，经过长期浴血奋斗，完成了新民主主义革命，建立了中华人民共和国，确立了社会主义基本制度，成功实现了中国历史上最深刻最伟大的社会变革，为当代中国一切发展进步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基础。在探索过程中，虽然经历了严重曲折，但党在社会主义革命和建设中取得的独创性理论成果和巨大成就，为在新的历史时期开创中国特色社会主义提供了宝贵经验、理论准备、物质基础。
党的十一届三中全会以后，以邓小平同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，深刻总结我国社会主义建设正反两方面经验，借鉴世界社会主义历史经验，创立了邓小平理论，作出把党和国家工作中心转移到经济建设上来、实行改革开放的历史性决策，深刻揭示社会主义本质，确立社会主义初级阶段基本路线，明确提出走自己的路、建设中国特色社会主义，科学回答了建设中国特色社会主义的一系列基本问题，制定了到21世纪中叶分三步走、基本实现社会主义现代化的发展战略，成功开创了中国特色社会主义。
党的十三届四中全会以后，以江泽民同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，坚持党的基本理论、基本路线，加深了对什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义和建设什么样的党、怎样建设党的认识，积累了治党治国新的宝贵经验，形成了“三个代表”重要思想。在国内外形势十分复杂、世界社会主义出现严重曲折的严峻考验面前，捍卫了中国特色社会主义，确立了社会主义市场经济体制的改革目标和基本框架，确立了社会主义初级阶段的基本经济制度和分配制度，开创全面改革开放新局面，推进党的建设新的伟大工程，成功把中国特色社会主义推向21世纪。
党的十六大以后，以胡锦涛同志为主要代表的中国共产党人，团结带领全党全国各族人民，坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，根据新的发展要求，深刻认识和回答了新形势下实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大问题，形成了科学发展观，抓住重要战略机遇期，在全面建设小康社会进程中推进实践创新、理论创新、制度创新，强调坚持以人为本、全面协调可持续发展，形成中国特色社会主义事业总体布局，着力保障和改善民生，促进社会公平正义，推动建设和谐世界，推进党的执政能力建设和先进性建设，成功在新的历史起点上坚持和发展了中国特色社会主义。
党的十八大以来，党中央团结带领全党全国各族人民，全面审视国际国内新的形势，通过总结实践、展望未来，深刻回答了新时代坚持和发展什么样的中国特色社会主义、怎样坚持和发展中国特色社会主义这个重大时代课题，形成了新时代中国特色社会主义思想，坚持统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，对党和国家各方面工作提出一系列新理念新思想新战略，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就，中国特色社会主义进入了新时代。我们以巨大的政治勇气和智慧，提出全面深化改革总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，着力增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性，着力抓好重大制度创新，着力提升人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，推出1600多项改革方案，啃下了不少硬骨头，闯过了不少急流险滩，改革呈现全面发力、多点突破、蹄疾步稳、纵深推进的局面。
艰难困苦，玉汝于成。40年来，我们解放思想、实事求是，大胆地试、勇敢地改，干出了一片新天地。从实行家庭联产承包、乡镇企业异军突起、取消农业税牧业税和特产税到农村承包地“三权”分置、打赢脱贫攻坚战、实施乡村振兴战略，从兴办深圳等经济特区、沿海沿边沿江沿线和内陆中心城市对外开放到加入世界贸易组织、共建“一带一路”、设立自由贸易试验区、谋划中国特色自由贸易港、成功举办首届中国国际进口博览会，从“引进来”到“走出去”，从搞好国营大中小企业、发展个体私营经济到深化国资国企改革、发展混合所有制经济，从单一公有制到公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展和坚持“两个毫不动摇”，从传统的计划经济体制到前无古人的社会主义市场经济体制再到使市场在资源配置中起决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用，从以经济体制改革为主到全面深化经济、政治、文化、社会、生态文明体制和党的建设制度改革，党和国家机构改革、行政管理体制改革、依法治国体制改革、司法体制改革、外事体制改革、社会治理体制改革、生态环境督察体制改革、国家安全体制改革、国防和军队改革、党的领导和党的建设制度改革、纪检监察制度改革等一系列重大改革扎实推进，各项便民、惠民、利民举措持续实施，使改革开放成为当代中国最显著的特征、最壮丽的气象。
同志们、朋友们！
改革开放40年来，从开启新时期到跨入新世纪，从站上新起点到进入新时代，40年风雨同舟，40年披荆斩棘，40年砥砺奋进，我们党引领人民绘就了一幅波澜壮阔、气势恢宏的历史画卷，谱写了一曲感天动地、气壮山河的奋斗赞歌。
——40年来，我们始终坚持解放思想、实事求是、与时俱进、求真务实，坚持马克思主义指导地位不动摇，坚持科学社会主义基本原则不动摇，勇敢推进理论创新、实践创新、制度创新、文化创新以及各方面创新，不断赋予中国特色社会主义以鲜明的实践特色、理论特色、民族特色、时代特色，形成了中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化，以不可辩驳的事实彰显了科学社会主义的鲜活生命力，社会主义的伟大旗帜始终在中国大地上高高飘扬！
——40年来，我们始终坚持以经济建设为中心，不断解放和发展社会生产力，我国国内生产总值由3679亿元增长到2017年的82.7万亿元，年均实际增长9.5%，远高于同期世界经济2.9%左右的年均增速。我国国内生产总值占世界生产总值的比重由改革开放之初的1.8%上升到15.2%，多年来对世界经济增长贡献率超过30%。我国货物进出口总额从206亿美元增长到超过4万亿美元，累计使用外商直接投资超过2万亿美元，对外投资总额达到1.9万亿美元。我国主要农产品产量跃居世界前列，建立了全世界最完整的现代工业体系，科技创新和重大工程捷报频传。我国基础设施建设成就显著，信息畅通，公路成网，铁路密布，高坝矗立，西气东输，南水北调，高铁飞驰，巨轮远航，飞机翱翔，天堑变通途。现在，我国是世界第二大经济体、制造业第一大国、货物贸易第一大国、商品消费第二大国、外资流入第二大国，我国外汇储备连续多年位居世界第一，中国人民在富起来、强起来的征程上迈出了决定性的步伐！
——40年来，我们始终坚持中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，不断深化政治体制改革，发展社会主义民主政治，党和国家领导体制日益完善，全面依法治国深入推进，中国特色社会主义法律体系日益健全，人民当家作主的制度保障和法治保障更加有力，人权事业全面发展，爱国统一战线更加巩固，人民依法享有和行使民主权利的内容更加丰富、渠道更加便捷、形式更加多样，掌握着自己命运的中国人民焕发出前所未有的积极性、主动性、创造性，在改革开放和社会主义现代化建设中展现出气吞山河的强大力量！
——40年来，我们始终坚持发展社会主义先进文化，加强社会主义精神文明建设，培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，传承和弘扬中华优秀传统文化，坚持以科学理论引路指向，以正确舆论凝心聚力，以先进文化塑造灵魂，以优秀作品鼓舞斗志，爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义精神广为弘扬，时代楷模、英雄模范不断涌现，文化艺术日益繁荣，网信事业快速发展，全民族理想信念和文化自信不断增强，国家文化软实力和中华文化影响力大幅提升。改革开放铸就的伟大改革开放精神，极大丰富了民族精神内涵，成为当代中国人民最鲜明的精神标识！
——40年来，我们始终坚持在发展中保障和改善民生，全面推进幼有所育、学有所教、劳有所得、病有所医、老有所养、住有所居、弱有所扶，不断改善人民生活、增进人民福祉。全国居民人均可支配收入由171元增加到2.6万元，中等收入群体持续扩大。我国贫困人口累计减少7.4亿人，贫困发生率下降94.4个百分点，谱写了人类反贫困史上的辉煌篇章。教育事业全面发展，九年义务教育巩固率达93.8%。我国建成了包括养老、医疗、低保、住房在内的世界最大的社会保障体系，基本养老保险覆盖超过9亿人，医疗保险覆盖超过13亿人。常住人口城镇化率达到58.52%，上升40.6个百分点。居民预期寿命由1981年的67.8岁提高到2017年的76.7岁。我国社会大局保持长期稳定，成为世界上最有安全感的国家之一。粮票、布票、肉票、鱼票、油票、豆腐票、副食本、工业券等百姓生活曾经离不开的票证已经进入了历史博物馆，忍饥挨饿、缺吃少穿、生活困顿这些几千年来困扰我国人民的问题总体上一去不复返了！
——40年来，我们始终坚持保护环境和节约资源，坚持推进生态文明建设，生态文明制度体系加快形成，主体功能区制度逐步健全，节能减排取得重大进展，重大生态保护和修复工程进展顺利，生态环境治理明显加强，积极参与和引导应对气候变化国际合作，中国人民生于斯、长于斯的家园更加美丽宜人！
——40年来，我们始终坚持党对军队的绝对领导，不断推进国防和军队现代化，推进人民军队实现革命性重塑，武器装备取得历史性突破，治军方式发生根本性转变，革命化现代化正规化水平显著提高，人民军队维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的能力显著增强，成为保卫人民幸福生活、保卫祖国和世界和平牢不可破的强大力量！
——40年来，我们始终坚持推进祖国和平统一大业，实施“一国两制”基本方针，相继恢复对香港、澳门行使主权，洗雪了中华民族百年屈辱。我们坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，加强两岸经济文化交流合作，推动两岸关系和平发展，坚决反对和遏制“台独”分裂势力，牢牢掌握两岸关系发展主导权和主动权。海内外全体中华儿女的民族认同感、文化认同感大大增强，同心共筑中国梦的意志更加坚强！
——40年来，我们始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚定维护国际关系基本准则，维护国际公平正义。我们实现由封闭半封闭到全方位开放的历史转变，积极参与经济全球化进程，为推动人类共同发展作出了应有贡献。我们积极推动建设开放型世界经济、构建人类命运共同体，促进全球治理体系变革，旗帜鲜明反对霸权主义和强权政治，为世界和平与发展不断贡献中国智慧、中国方案、中国力量。我国日益走近世界舞台中央，成为国际社会公认的世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者！
——40年来，我们始终坚持加强和改善党的领导，积极应对在长期执政和改革开放条件下党面临的各种风险考验，持续推进党的建设新的伟大工程，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。我们积极探索共产党执政规律、社会主义建设规律、人类社会发展规律，不断开辟马克思主义中国化新境界。我们坚持党要管党、从严治党，净化党内政治生态，持之以恒正风肃纪，大力整治形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风，以零容忍态度严厉惩治腐败，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利。我们党在革命性锻造中坚定走在时代前列，始终是中国人民和中华民族的主心骨！
40年春风化雨、春华秋实，改革开放极大改变了中国的面貌、中华民族的面貌、中国人民的面貌、中国共产党的面貌。中华民族迎来了从站起来、富起来到强起来的伟大飞跃！中国特色社会主义迎来了从创立、发展到完善的伟大飞跃！中国人民迎来了从温饱不足到小康富裕的伟大飞跃！中华民族正以崭新姿态屹立于世界的东方！
40年来取得的成就不是天上掉下来的，更不是别人恩赐施舍的，而是全党全国各族人民用勤劳、智慧、勇气干出来的！我们用几十年时间走完了发达国家几百年走过的工业化历程。在中国人民手中，不可能成为了可能。我们为创造了人间奇迹的中国人民感到无比自豪、无比骄傲！
在这里，我代表党中央，向各条战线为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设贡献了智慧和力量的广大工人、农民、知识分子、干部、解放军指战员、武警部队官兵、公安干警，向各民主党派和无党派人士、各人民团体和各界爱国人士，致以崇高的敬意！向为祖国改革开放和现代化建设作出积极努力的香港特别行政区同胞、澳门特别行政区同胞、台湾同胞和海外侨胞，致以诚挚的问候！向一切关心和支持中国改革开放和现代化建设的外国朋友和世界各国人民，表示衷心的感谢！
同志们、朋友们！
40年的实践充分证明，党的十一届三中全会以来我们党团结带领全国各族人民开辟的中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化是完全正确的，形成的党的基本理论、基本路线、基本方略是完全正确的。
40年的实践充分证明，中国发展为广大发展中国家走向现代化提供了成功经验、展现了光明前景，是促进世界和平与发展的强大力量，是中华民族对人类文明进步作出的重大贡献。
40年的实践充分证明，改革开放是党和人民大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招。
只有顺应历史潮流，积极应变，主动求变，才能与时代同行。“行之力则知愈进，知之深则行愈达。”改革开放40年积累的宝贵经验是党和人民弥足珍贵的精神财富，对新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义有着极为重要的指导意义，必须倍加珍惜、长期坚持，在实践中不断丰富和发展。
第一，必须坚持党对一切工作的领导，不断加强和改善党的领导。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：中国共产党领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征，是中国特色社会主义制度的最大优势。党政军民学，东西南北中，党是领导一切的。正是因为始终坚持党的集中统一领导，我们才能实现伟大历史转折、开启改革开放新时期和中华民族伟大复兴新征程，才能成功应对一系列重大风险挑战、克服无数艰难险阻，才能有力应变局、平风波、战洪水、防非典、抗地震、化危机，才能既不走封闭僵化的老路也不走改旗易帜的邪路，而是坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路。坚持党的领导，必须不断改善党的领导，让党的领导更加适应实践、时代、人民的要求。在坚持党的领导这个决定党和国家前途命运的重大原则问题上，全党全国必须保持高度的思想自觉、政治自觉、行动自觉，丝毫不能动摇。
前进道路上，我们必须增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”，坚决维护党中央权威和集中统一领导，把党的领导贯彻和体现到改革发展稳定、内政外交国防、治党治国治军等各个领域。改革开放每一步都不是轻而易举的，未来必定会面临这样那样的风险挑战，甚至会遇到难以想象的惊涛骇浪。我们党要总揽全局、协调各方，坚持科学执政、民主执政、依法执政，完善党的领导方式和执政方式，提高党的执政能力和领导水平，不断提高党把方向、谋大局、定政策、促改革的能力和定力，确保改革开放这艘航船沿着正确航向破浪前行。
第二，必须坚持以人民为中心，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：为中国人民谋幸福，为中华民族谋复兴，是中国共产党人的初心和使命，也是改革开放的初心和使命。我们党来自人民、扎根人民、造福人民，全心全意为人民服务是党的根本宗旨，必须以最广大人民根本利益为我们一切工作的根本出发点和落脚点，坚持把人民拥护不拥护、赞成不赞成、高兴不高兴作为制定政策的依据，顺应民心、尊重民意、关注民情、致力民生，既通过提出并贯彻正确的理论和路线方针政策带领人民前进，又从人民实践创造和发展要求中获得前进动力，让人民共享改革开放成果，激励人民更加自觉地投身改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业。
前进道路上，我们必须始终把人民对美好生活的向往作为我们的奋斗目标，践行党的根本宗旨，贯彻党的群众路线，尊重人民主体地位，尊重人民群众在实践活动中所表达的意愿、所创造的经验、所拥有的权利、所发挥的作用，充分激发蕴藏在人民群众中的创造伟力。我们要健全民主制度、拓宽民主渠道、丰富民主形式、完善法治保障，确保人民依法享有广泛充分、真实具体、有效管用的民主权利。我们要着力解决人民群众所需所急所盼，让人民共享经济、政治、文化、社会、生态等各方面发展成果，有更多、更直接、更实在的获得感、幸福感、安全感，不断促进人的全面发展、全体人民共同富裕。
第三，必须坚持马克思主义指导地位，不断推进实践基础上的理论创新。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：创新是改革开放的生命。实践发展永无止境，解放思想永无止境。恩格斯说：“一切社会变迁和政治变革的终极原因，不应当到人们的头脑中，到人们对永恒的真理和正义的日益增进的认识中去寻找，而应当到生产方式和交换方式的变更中去寻找”。我们坚持理论联系实际，及时回答时代之问、人民之问，廓清困扰和束缚实践发展的思想迷雾，不断推进马克思主义中国化时代化大众化，不断开辟马克思主义发展新境界。
前进道路上，我们必须坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，坚持解放思想和实事求是有机统一。发展21世纪马克思主义、当代中国马克思主义，是当代中国共产党人责无旁贷的历史责任。我们要强化问题意识、时代意识、战略意识，用深邃的历史眼光、宽广的国际视野把握事物发展的本质和内在联系，紧密跟踪亿万人民的创造性实践，借鉴吸收人类一切优秀文明成果，不断回答时代和实践给我们提出的新的重大课题，让当代中国马克思主义放射出更加灿烂的真理光芒。
第四，必须坚持走中国特色社会主义道路，不断坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：方向决定前途，道路决定命运。我们要把命运掌握在自己手中，就要有志不改、道不变的坚定。改革开放40年来，我们党全部理论和实践的主题是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义。在中国这样一个有着5000多年文明史、13亿多人口的大国推进改革发展，没有可以奉为金科玉律的教科书，也没有可以对中国人民颐指气使的教师爷。鲁迅先生说过：“什么是路？就是从没路的地方践踏出来的，从只有荆棘的地方开辟出来的。”中国特色社会主义道路是当代中国大踏步赶上时代、引领时代发展的康庄大道，必须毫不动摇走下去。
前进道路上，我们必须坚持以新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神为指导，增强“四个自信”，牢牢把握改革开放的前进方向。改什么、怎么改必须以是否符合完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的总目标为根本尺度，该改的、能改的我们坚决改，不该改的、不能改的坚决不改。我们要坚持党的基本路线，把以经济建设为中心同坚持四项基本原则、坚持改革开放这两个基本点统一于新时代中国特色社会主义伟大实践，长期坚持，决不动摇。
第五，必须坚持完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，不断发挥和增强我国制度优势。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：制度是关系党和国家事业发展的根本性、全局性、稳定性、长期性问题。我们扭住完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度这个关键，为解放和发展社会生产力、解放和增强社会活力、永葆党和国家生机活力提供了有力保证，为保持社会大局稳定、保证人民安居乐业、保障国家安全提供了有力保证，为放手让一切劳动、知识、技术、管理、资本等要素的活力竞相迸发，让一切创造社会财富的源泉充分涌流不断建立了充满活力的体制机制。
前进道路上，我们必须毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用，激发各类市场主体活力。我们要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度、中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度、民族区域自治制度、基层群众自治制度，全面推进依法治国，巩固和发展最广泛的爱国统一战线，发展社会主义协商民主，用制度体系保证人民当家作主。我们要加强文化领域制度建设，举旗帜、聚民心、育新人、兴文化、展形象，积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，推动中华优秀传统文化创造性转化、创新性发展，传承革命文化、发展先进文化，努力创造光耀时代、光耀世界的中华文化。我们要加强社会治理制度建设，不断促进社会公平正义，保持社会安定有序。我们要加强生态文明制度建设，实行最严格的生态环境保护制度。我们要坚决破除一切妨碍发展的体制机制障碍和利益固化藩篱，加快形成系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，推动中国特色社会主义制度更加成熟更加定型。
第六，必须坚持以发展为第一要务，不断增强我国综合国力。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：解放和发展社会生产力，增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是社会主义的本质要求和根本任务。只有牢牢扭住经济建设这个中心，毫不动摇坚持发展是硬道理、发展应该是科学发展和高质量发展的战略思想，推动经济社会持续健康发展，才能全面增强我国经济实力、科技实力、国防实力、综合国力，才能为坚持和发展中国特色社会主义、实现中华民族伟大复兴奠定雄厚物质基础。
前进道路上，我们必须围绕解决好人民日益增长的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾这个社会主要矛盾，坚决贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局、协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，推动高质量发展，推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展，加快建设现代化经济体系，努力实现更高质量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持续的发展。我们要坚持以供给侧结构性改革为主线，积极转变发展方式、优化经济结构、转换增长动力，积极扩大内需，实施区域协调发展战略，实施乡村振兴战略，坚决打好防范化解重大风险、精准脱贫、污染防治的攻坚战。我们要坚持创新是第一动力、人才是第一资源的理念，实施创新驱动发展战略，完善国家创新体系，加快关键核心技术自主创新，为经济社会发展打造新引擎。我们要加强生态文明建设，牢固树立绿水青山就是金山银山的理念，形成绿色发展方式和生活方式，把我们伟大祖国建设得更加美丽，让人民生活在天更蓝、山更绿、水更清的优美环境之中。
第七，必须坚持扩大开放，不断推动共建人类命运共同体。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：开放带来进步，封闭必然落后。中国的发展离不开世界，世界的繁荣也需要中国。我们统筹国内国际两个大局，坚持对外开放的基本国策，实行积极主动的开放政策，形成全方位、多层次、宽领域的全面开放新格局，为我国创造了良好国际环境、开拓了广阔发展空间。
前进道路上，我们必须高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，恪守维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨，推动建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系。我们要尊重各国人民自主选择发展道路的权利，维护国际公平正义，倡导国际关系民主化，反对把自己的意志强加于人，反对干涉别国内政，反对以强凌弱。我们要发挥负责任大国作用，支持广大发展中国家发展，积极参与全球治理体系改革和建设，共同为建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界而奋斗。我们要支持开放、透明、包容、非歧视性的多边贸易体制，促进贸易投资自由化便利化，推动经济全球化朝着更加开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的方向发展。我们要以共建“一带一路”为重点，同各方一道打造国际合作新平台，为世界共同发展增添新动力。中国决不会以牺牲别国利益为代价来发展自己，也决不放弃自己的正当权益。中国奉行防御性的国防政策，中国发展不对任何国家构成威胁。中国无论发展到什么程度都永远不称霸。
第八，必须坚持全面从严治党，不断提高党的创造力、凝聚力、战斗力。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：打铁必须自身硬。办好中国的事情，关键在党，关键在坚持党要管党、全面从严治党。我们党只有在领导改革开放和社会主义现代化建设伟大社会革命的同时，坚定不移推进党的伟大自我革命，敢于清除一切侵蚀党的健康肌体的病毒，使党不断自我净化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高，不断增强党的政治领导力、思想引领力、群众组织力、社会号召力，才能确保党始终保持同人民群众的血肉联系。
前进道路上，我们必须按照新时代党的建设总要求，以政治建设为统领，不断推进党的建设新的伟大工程，不断增强全党团结统一和创造活力，不断增强全党执政本领，把党建设得更加坚强、更加有力。我们要坚持用时代发展要求审视自己，以强烈忧患意识警醒自己，以改革创新精神加强和完善自己，在应对风险挑战中锻炼提高，在解决党内存在的突出矛盾和问题中净化纯洁，不断提高管党治党水平。我们要坚持德才兼备、以德为先、任人唯贤，着力培养忠诚干净担当的高素质干部队伍和宏大的人才队伍。我们要以反腐败永远在路上的坚韧和执着，深化标本兼治，坚决清除一切腐败分子，保证干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明，为继续推进改革开放营造海晏河清的政治生态。
第九，必须坚持辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义世界观和方法论，正确处理改革发展稳定关系。改革开放40年的实践启示我们：我国是一个大国，决不能在根本性问题上出现颠覆性错误。我们坚持加强党的领导和尊重人民首创精神相结合，坚持“摸着石头过河”和顶层设计相结合，坚持问题导向和目标导向相统一，坚持试点先行和全面推进相促进，既鼓励大胆试、大胆闯，又坚持实事求是、善作善成，确保了改革开放行稳致远。
前进道路上，我们要增强战略思维、辩证思维、创新思维、法治思维、底线思维，加强宏观思考和顶层设计，坚持问题导向，聚焦我国发展面临的突出矛盾和问题，深入调查研究，鼓励基层大胆探索，坚持改革决策和立法决策相衔接，不断提高改革决策的科学性。我们要拿出抓铁有痕、踏石留印的韧劲，以钉钉子精神抓好落实，确保各项重大改革举措落到实处。我们既要敢为天下先、敢闯敢试，又要积极稳妥、蹄疾步稳，把改革发展稳定统一起来，坚持方向不变、道路不偏、力度不减，推动新时代改革开放走得更稳、走得更远。
同志们、朋友们！
坚持富国和强军相统一，建设同我国国际地位相称、同国家安全和发展利益相适应的巩固国防和强大军队，是我国社会主义现代化建设的战略任务。我们要全面贯彻新时代党的强军思想，坚持党对军队的绝对领导，把握世界新军事革命发展大势，坚持走中国特色强军之路，全面深化国防和军队改革，推进政治建军、改革强军、科技兴军、依法治军，建设一支听党指挥、能打胜仗、作风优良的人民军队，努力建设世界一流军队，为维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，为维护世界和平稳定，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供坚强后盾。
“一国两制”伟大构想具有强大生命力。我们要全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方针，严格按照宪法和基本法办事，完善与基本法实施相关的制度和机制，保持香港、澳门长期繁荣稳定，支持和推动香港、澳门更好融入国家发展大局，让香港、澳门同胞同祖国人民共担民族复兴的历史责任、共享祖国繁荣富强的伟大荣光。
实现祖国完全统一，是全体中华儿女共同心愿，是中华民族根本利益所在。我们要坚持一个中国原则和“九二共识”，巩固和发展两岸关系和平发展的基础，深化两岸经济文化交流合作，造福两岸同胞。我们有坚定的政治决心和强大能力维护国家主权和领土完整，祖国的神圣领土一寸都不能分裂出去！
同志们、朋友们！
中国人民具有伟大梦想精神，中华民族充满变革和开放精神。几千年前，中华民族的先民们就秉持“周虽旧邦，其命维新”的精神，开启了缔造中华文明的伟大实践。自古以来，中国大地上发生了无数变法变革图强运动，留下了“治世不一道，便国不法古”等豪迈宣言。自古以来，中华民族就以“天下大同”、“协和万邦”的宽广胸怀，自信而又大度地开展同域外民族交往和文化交流，曾经谱写了万里驼铃万里波的浩浩丝路长歌，也曾经创造了万国衣冠会长安的盛唐气象。正是这种“天行健，君子以自强不息”、“地势坤，君子以厚德载物”的变革和开放精神，使中华文明成为人类历史上唯一一个绵延5000多年至今未曾中断的灿烂文明。以数千年大历史观之，变革和开放总体上是中国的历史常态。中华民族以改革开放的姿态继续走向未来，有着深远的历史渊源、深厚的文化根基。
我们这么大一个国家，就应该有雄心壮志。毛泽东同志说：“夺取全国胜利，这只是万里长征走完了第一步。如果这一步也值得骄傲，那是比较渺小的，更值得骄傲的还在后头。在过了几十年之后来看中国人民民主革命的胜利，就会使人们感觉那好像只是一出长剧的一个短小的序幕。剧是必须从序幕开始的，但序幕还不是高潮。”“我们不但善于破坏一个旧世界，我们还将善于建设一个新世界。”
改革开放之初，虽然我们国家大、人口多、底子薄，面对着重重困难和挑战，但我们对未来充满信心，设计了用70多年、分三步走基本实现社会主义现代化的宏伟蓝图，没有非凡的胆略、坚定的自信是作不出这样宏远的构想和决策的。
40年来，我们咬定青山不放松，风雨无阻朝着这个伟大目标前进。党的十九大对我国发展提出了更高的奋斗目标，形成了从全面建成小康社会到基本实现现代化、再到全面建成社会主义现代化强国的战略安排，发出了实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的最强音。
古人说：“事者，生于虑，成于务，失于傲。”伟大梦想不是等得来、喊得来的，而是拼出来、干出来的。我们现在所处的，是一个船到中流浪更急、人到半山路更陡的时候，是一个愈进愈难、愈进愈险而又不进则退、非进不可的时候。改革开放已走过千山万水，但仍需跋山涉水，摆在全党全国各族人民面前的使命更光荣、任务更艰巨、挑战更严峻、工作更伟大。在这个千帆竞发、百舸争流的时代，我们绝不能有半点骄傲自满、固步自封，也绝不能有丝毫犹豫不决、徘徊彷徨，必须统揽伟大斗争、伟大工程、伟大事业、伟大梦想，勇立潮头、奋勇搏击。
信仰、信念、信心，任何时候都至关重要。小到一个人、一个集体，大到一个政党、一个民族、一个国家，只要有信仰、信念、信心，就会愈挫愈奋、愈战愈勇，否则就会不战自败、不打自垮。无论过去、现在还是将来，对马克思主义的信仰，对中国特色社会主义的信念，对实现中华民族伟大复兴中国梦的信心，都是指引和支撑中国人民站起来、富起来、强起来的强大精神力量。
同志们、朋友们！
四十载惊涛拍岸，九万里风鹏正举。江河之所以能冲开绝壁夺隘而出，是因其积聚了千里奔涌、万壑归流的洪荒伟力。在近代以来漫长的历史进程中，中国人民经历了太多太多的磨难，付出了太多太多的牺牲，进行了太多太多的拼搏。现在，中国人民和中华民族在历史进程中积累的强大能量已经充分爆发出来了，为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供了势不可挡的磅礴力量。
建成社会主义现代化强国，实现中华民族伟大复兴，是一场接力跑，我们要一棒接着一棒跑下去，每一代人都要为下一代人跑出一个好成绩。
全党全国各族人民要更加紧密地团结在党中央周围，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，不忘初心，牢记使命，将改革开放进行到底，不断实现人民对美好生活的向往，在新时代创造中华民族新的更大奇迹！创造让世界刮目相看的新的更大奇迹！
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A Mostly Machine Translation
Xi Jinping: Speech at the celebration of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up
Website of the State Council Information Office www.scio.gov.cn 2018-12-18 Source: Xinhua News Agency
Speech at the celebration of the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up
(December 18, 2018)
Xi Jinping
Comrades, friends:
December 18, 1978 marks an important day in the history of the Chinese nation, in the history of the Chinese Communist Party, in the history of the People's Republic of China, and it will be an important day in the annals of history. On this day, our party convened the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee to realize the great turning point of the party's history since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and opened the great journey of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
Today, we are here to hold a grand gathering, reviewing the glorious course of the 40 years of reform and opening up, summing up the great achievements and valuable experience of reform and opening up, and mobilizing the entire party and the people of all nationalities to continue to push reform and opening up in the new era. The one-hundred-year struggle for the goal of achieving the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is unremitting struggle.
On December 18th, the 40th anniversary of the reform and opening up was held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at the meeting. (Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Yao Dawei)
Comrades, friends!
The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party was held at a major historical juncture of where the party and the country faced. At that time, the world economy developed rapidly, and science and technology progressed with each passing day. The decade of the "Cultural Revolution" caused the country's economy to be on the verge of collapse. People's food and clothing were a problem, and the country's construction industry was waiting. The inside and outside of the party strongly demanded that the mistakes of the "Cultural Revolution" be corrected, so that the party and the state would rise again from the crisis. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "If we do not implement reforms now, our modernization cause and socialist cause will be ruined."
Under the leadership of Comrade Deng Xiaoping and the support of the older generation of revolutionaries, the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party broke through the serious shackles of the long-term "Left" mistakes, criticized the "two things" wrong policy, and fully affirmed that the scientific system of Mao Zedong Thought must be fully and accurately mastered, highly appraised the discussion on the issue of the standard of truth, decisively ended "taking class struggle as the key link" and re-established the ideological line, political line, and organizational line of Marxism. Since then, China’s reform and opening up has opened the curtain.
Our party’s historic decision to implement reform and opening up is based on a profound grasp of the future of the party and the country. It is based on a profound summary of the socialist revolution and construction practices. It is based on a profound insight into the trend of the times and is based on the masses of the people. Deep understanding of expectations and needs. Comrade Deng Xiaoping pointed out: "Poverty is not socialism." "We must catch up with the times. This is the purpose of reform."
Historical development has its laws, but people are not completely passive in it. As long as we grasp the historical development trend, seize the opportunity of historical change, work hard, and forge ahead, human society can make better progress.
Reform and opening up is a great awakening of our party. It is this great awakening that gave birth to the great creation of our party from theory to practice. Reform and opening up is a great revolution in the history of the development of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation. It is this great revolution that has promoted the great leap of socialism with Chinese characteristics!
Comrades, friends!
The establishment of the Communist Party of China, the establishment of the People's Republic of China, the promotion of reform and opening up, and the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics are the three major historical events that have taken place in China since the May 4th Movement and are the three major milestones in the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in modern times.
The Communist Party of China, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the main representative, combined the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism with the concrete practice of the Chinese revolution, founded Mao Zedong Thought, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, and after a long period of bloody struggle, completed the new-democratic revolution. The People's Republic of China was established, the basic system of socialism was established, and the most profound and greatest social changes in Chinese history were successfully realized, laying a fundamental political premise and institutional foundation for all development and progress in contemporary China. In the process of exploration, although experienced severe twists and turns, the original theoretical achievements and great achievements made by the party in the socialist revolution and construction provided valuable experience, theoretical preparation, and material for creating socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new historical period. basis.
After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Deng Xiaoping as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, profoundly summed up the positive and negative experiences of China's socialist construction, and learned from the historical experience of world socialism. Deng Xiaoping Theory, made a historic decision to transfer the party and state work centers to economic construction, implement reform and opening up, profoundly reveal the essence of socialism, establish the basic line of the primary stage of socialism, and clearly propose to take their own path and build a society with Chinese characteristics. Science has scientifically answered a series of basic problems in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has formulated a development strategy of three steps in the middle of the 21st century and basically realized socialist modernization, and successfully created socialism with Chinese characteristics.
After the Fourth Plenary Session of the 13th CPC Central Committee, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Jiang Zemin as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, adhered to the party’s basic theories and basic lines, and deepened what is socialism and how to build society. What kind of party is built and how to build the party's understanding, accumulates valuable experience in governing the party and the country, and has formed the important thinking of the "three represents." In the face of the complicated situation at home and abroad and the severe test of the serious social twists and turns in the world, the socialism with Chinese characteristics was defended, the reform goals and basic framework of the socialist market economic system were established, and the basic economic system of the primary stage of socialism was established. The distribution system has created a new situation of comprehensive reform and opening up, promoted the new great project of party building, and successfully pushed socialism with Chinese characteristics into the 21st century.
After the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese Communists, with Comrade Hu Jintao as the main representative, united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities, and adhered to the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thinking of the 'Three Represents,' and profoundly understood according to the new development requirements. And answering major issues such as what kind of development and how to develop under the new situation, forming a scientific development concept, grasping the period of important strategic opportunities, and promoting practical innovation, theoretical innovation, and institutional innovation in the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way, emphasizing persistence People-oriented, comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, forming a general layout of socialism with Chinese characteristics, focusing on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood, promoting social fairness and justice, promoting the building of a harmonious world, and promoting the building of the party's ability to govern and the construction of advanced nature, succeeding at a new historical starting point Upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has united and led the entire party and the people of all nationalities in the country to comprehensively examine the new situation at home and abroad. By summing up practice and looking into the future, we have profoundly answered the question of the kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics that has persisted and developed in the new era. We adhere to and develop the important era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, form a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics, adhere to the overall planning of the "five in one" overall layout, coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and adhere to the steady progress of our work. The key element is to propose a series of new ideas, new ideas and new strategies for the work of the party and the country, to promote historic changes in the cause of the party and the state, and to achieve historic achievements. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. With great political courage and wisdom, we propose that the overall goal of comprehensively deepening reform is to improve and develop the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, promote the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and strive to enhance the systemic, holistic and synergistic reforms, and focus on major issues. Institutional innovation, efforts to improve the people's sense of acquisition, happiness, security, launched more than 1,600 reform programs, smashed a lot of hard bones, smashed a lot of rapids and shoals, reforms showed full power, more breakthroughs, hoofs Stable and deep advancement.
Hardships and difficulties temper one like grinding jade [玉汝于成; adversity can help a person succeed]. For 40 years, we have emancipated our minds, sought truth from facts, boldly tried and bravely changed, and made a new world. From the implementation of household contracting, the emergence of township and village enterprises, the abolition of agricultural tax and animal husbandry taxes and specialties tax to the rural contracted land, "three powers", win the fight against poverty, implement the rural revitalization strategy, from the establishment of Shenzhen and other special economic zones, along the coast along the river .The cities along the inland and inland areas are open to the World Trade Organization, jointly building the “Belt and Road”, setting up a free trade pilot zone, planning a free trade port with Chinese characteristics, and successfully hosting the first China International Import Expo, from “bringing in” to “going” Going out, from doing a good job in the state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises, developing the individual and private economy, deepening the reform of state-owned state-owned enterprises, and developing a mixed-ownership economy, from the single public ownership to the public ownership as the main body, the multi-ownership economy develops together and adheres to the "two unwavering". From the traditional planned economic system to the unprecedented socialist market economic system to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the better play of the role of the government, from the economic system reform to the comprehensive deepening of economic, political, cultural, social, Ecological civilization system and party building system reform, And state institutional reform, administrative management system reform, legal system reform, judicial system reform, foreign affairs system reform, social governance system reform, ecological environment supervision system reform, national security system reform, national defense and army reform, party leadership and party A series of major reforms, such as the reform of the construction system and the reform of the discipline inspection and supervision system, have been carried out in a solid manner. The implementation of various measures to facilitate the welfare of the people, assist the people, and benefit the people has made the reform and opening up become the most remarkable feature and the most magnificent weather in contemporary China.
Comrades, friends!
In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, from the beginning of the new era to the new century, from the new starting point to the new era, 40 years of hard work, 40 years of thorns, 40 years of hard work, our party led the people to paint a magnificent, imposing The magnificent historical scrolls compose a song of praise and enthusiasm.
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, seeking truth and being pragmatic, persisting in the guiding position of Marxism, unswervingly adhering to the basic principles of scientific socialism, bravely promoting theoretical innovation, practical innovation, institutional innovation, Cultural innovation and innovation in all aspects have consistently endowed socialism with Chinese characteristics with distinct practical characteristics, theoretical characteristics, national characteristics, and characteristics of the times, forming a socialist road, theory, system, and culture with Chinese characteristics, and demonstrating science with irrefutable facts. The vitality of socialism, the great banner of socialism has always been flying high on the land of China!
——In the past 40 years, we have always adhered to economic construction as the center and continuously liberated and developed social productive forces. China’s GDP has grown from 367.9 billion yuan to 82.7 trillion yuan in 2017, with an average annual growth rate of 9.5%, much higher than In the same period, the world economy grew at an average annual rate of 2.9%. China’s GDP as a share of world GDP has risen from 1.8% at the beginning of reform and opening up to 15.2%, and its contribution to world economic growth has exceeded 30% over the years. The total import and export volume of China's goods has increased from 20.6 billion US dollars to more than 4 trillion US dollars. The cumulative use of foreign direct investment has exceeded 2 trillion US dollars, and the total foreign investment has reached 1.9 trillion US dollars. The output of China's major agricultural products has leapt to the forefront of the world, and the world's most complete modern industrial system has been established, and technological innovations and major projects have been reported frequently. China's infrastructure construction achievements are remarkable, information is smooth, highways are networked, railways are densely covered, high dams stand, West-East Gas Pipeline, South-to-North Water Transfer, high-speed rail speeding, huge-wheel voyage, aircraft flying, and Tianzhu change. At present, China is the world's second largest economy, the largest manufacturing country, the largest country in terms of trade in goods, the second largest country in commodity consumption, and the second largest country in foreign capital. China's foreign exchange reserves rank first in the world for many years, and the Chinese people are rich. The journey to get up and strengthen has taken a decisive step!
——For 40 years, we have always adhered to the path of socialist political development with Chinese characteristics, continuously deepened political system reform, developed socialist democratic politics, improved party and state leadership systems, and comprehensively promoted the rule of law in a comprehensive manner. The socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics has become increasingly sound. The system guarantee and the rule of law guarantee for the people to be the masters of the country are more powerful, the human rights cause is comprehensively developed, the patriotic united front is more consolidated, and the people enjoy and exercise democratic rights in accordance with the law, the content is more abundant, the channels are more convenient, the forms are more diverse, and they control their own destiny. The Chinese people have shown unprecedented enthusiasm, initiative and creativity, and have demonstrated their powerful strength in the reform, opening up and socialist modernization drive!
——For 40 years, we have always adhered to the development of advanced socialist culture, strengthened the building of socialist spiritual civilization, cultivated and practiced the core values of socialism, passed on and promoted the excellent traditional Chinese culture, adhered to scientific theory, and pointed to the correct public opinion. Gathering strength, shaping the soul with advanced culture, inspiring morale with excellent works, patriotism, collectivism, and socialist spirit are widely promoted, the model of the times and the model of heroes are constantly emerging, the culture and art are prosperous, the network of letters is developing rapidly, and the ideal of the whole nation is ideal. Faith and cultural self-confidence continue to increase, and the national cultural soft power and Chinese cultural influence have increased significantly. The great spirit of reform and opening up created by reform and opening up has greatly enriched the national spiritual connotation and has become the most distinctive spiritual identity of the contemporary Chinese people!
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on safeguarding and improving people's livelihood in development, and comprehensively promoting young children's education, learning to teach, earning income, getting medical care, being old, living, living, and weak. Help, continuously improve people's lives and enhance people's well-being. The per capita disposable income of the national residents increased from 171 yuan to 26,000 yuan, and the middle-income group continued to expand. The poverty-stricken population in China has decreased by 740 million people, and the incidence of poverty has dropped by 94.4 percentage points, which has written a glorious chapter in the history of human anti-poverty. The education industry has developed in an all-round way, and the nine-year compulsory education consolidation rate reached 93.8%. China has built the world's largest social security system including pension, medical care, subsistence allowances and housing. The basic pension insurance covers more than 900 million people and medical insurance covers more than 1.3 billion people. The urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 58.52%, an increase of 40.6 percentage points. The life expectancy of residents increased from 67.8 years in 1981 to 76.7 years in 2017. China's overall social situation has remained stable for a long time and has become one of the most secure countries in the world. Tickets for food stamps, cloth tickets, meat tickets, fish tickets, oil tickets, tofu tickets, non-staple food, industrial vouchers, etc., which have been inseparable from the lives of the people, have entered the history museum, hungry, lack of food, wear less, and live hard. The problems that have plagued our people for thousands of years are gone forever!
——For 40 years, we have always insisted on protecting the environment and conserving resources, persisting in the promotion of ecological civilization construction, accelerating the formation of an ecological civilization system, gradually improving the system of main functional areas, making significant progress in energy conservation and emission reduction, and major ecological protection and restoration projects are progressing smoothly. The ecological environment governance has been significantly strengthened, and it has actively participated in and guided the international cooperation on climate change. The Chinese people’s homes born in Sri Lanka and grew up are more beautiful and pleasant!
——For 40 years, we have always upheld the party’s absolute leadership over the military, continuously promoted the modernization of national defense and the military, promoted the revolutionary reshaping of the people’s army, made historic breakthroughs in weapons and equipment, and fundamentally changed the way of administering military affairs. The level of chemistry has been significantly improved. The ability of the people's army to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests has been significantly enhanced. It has become a powerful force to defend the people's happy life and defend the motherland and the world's peace!
—— For 40 years, we have consistently promoted the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland, implemented the basic principle of “one country, two systems”, successively resumed the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong and Macao, and washed away the humiliation of the Chinese nation for centuries. We adhere to the one-China principle and the "92 Consensus", strengthen cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, promote the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, resolutely oppose and contain the "Taiwan independence" separatist forces, and firmly grasp the leading power and initiative of cross-strait relations. The sense of national identity and cultural identity of all Chinese people at home and abroad has been greatly enhanced, and the will to build a Chinese dream together is stronger!
—— For 40 years, we have always adhered to an independent foreign policy of peace, always taking the road of peaceful development, pursuing an open strategy of mutual benefit and win-win, firmly upholding the basic norms of international relations, and safeguarding international fairness and justice. We have realized a historical transition from closed to semi-closed to full-scale openness, actively participated in the process of economic globalization, and made due contributions to promoting the common development of mankind. We actively promote the construction of an open world economy, build a community of human destiny, promote the transformation of the global governance system, clearly oppose hegemonism and power politics, and continuously contribute to China's wisdom, China's programs, and China's power for world peace and development. China is increasingly approaching the center of the world stage and has become a recognized builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order!
——For the past 40 years, we have always insisted on strengthening and improving the party ’s leadership, actively responding to various risks and tests faced by the party under the conditions of long-term governance and reform and opening up, and continued to advance the new great project of party building, maintaining the party ’s advanced nature and purity, and maintaining the party's flesh-and-blood ties with the people. We are actively exploring the laws governing the Communist Party, the laws governing socialist construction, and the laws governing the development of human society, and we are constantly exploring new realms of Sinicization of Marxism. We insist that the party should manage the party, strictly govern the party, purify the political ecology within the party, adhere to the principle of upholding integrity, vigorously rectify formalism, bureaucracy, hedonism, and extravagance, and severely punish corruption and fight corruption with a zero tolerance attitude. We have achieved an overwhelming victory. Our party is firmly at the forefront of the times in the revolutionary forging and has always been the backbone of the Chinese people and the Chinese nation!
In the 40 years of spring and autumn, the reform and opening up has greatly changed the face of China, the face of the Chinese nation, the face of the Chinese people, and the face of the Chinese Communist Party. The Chinese nation has ushered in a great leap from standing up, getting rich and getting stronger! Socialism with Chinese characteristics has ushered in a great leap from creation, development to perfection! The Chinese people have ushered in a great leap from inadequate food and clothing to well-off prosperity! The Chinese nation is standing in the East of the world with a new attitude!
The achievements in the past 40 years have not fallen from the sky, nor have they been donated by others. Instead, the people of all nationalities and the whole nation have worked hard, wisdom and courage! We have spent decades working through the industrialization process that the developed countries have gone through for hundreds of years. In the hands of the Chinese people, it is impossible to become possible. We are extremely proud and proud of the Chinese people who have created the miracle of humanity!
Here, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, I have contributed wisdom and strength to the broad masses of workers, peasants, intellectuals, cadres, PLA officers and soldiers, officers and men of the armed police, and police officers to the democratic parties on all fronts for reform, opening up, and socialist modernization. And pay tribute to non-party people, people's organizations, and patriots from all walks of life! I sincerely extend my sincere greetings to the compatriots of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the Macao Special Administrative Region, the Taiwan compatriots and the overseas Chinese who have made active efforts for the reform, opening up and modernization of the motherland! I would like to express my heartfelt thanks to all foreign friends and people from all over the world who care about and support China's reform, opening up, and modernization!
Comrades, friends!
The practice of 40 years has fully proved that since the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Party, our party has united and led the roads, theories, systems and cultures with Chinese characteristics opened up by the people of all nationalities in China. The basic theory and basics of the party have been formed. The route and basic strategy are completely correct.
The 40 years of practice have fully proved that China's development has provided a successful experience for the developing countries to modernize, demonstrated a bright future, is a powerful force for promoting world peace and development, and is a major contribution of the Chinese nation to the progress of human civilization.
The practice of 40 years have fully proved that reform and opening up is an important magic weapon for the party and the people to keep up with the times. It is the only way to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is a key decision that determines the destiny of contemporary China. Year and it is the key to the goal of striving for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Only by conforming to the historical trend, actively adapting, and actively seeking change, can we walk with the times. "The power of the line is to become more and more advanced, and the depth of knowledge is more and more." The valuable experience accumulated in the 40 years of reform and opening up is a precious spiritual wealth of the party and the people. It is extremely important for the new era to adhere to and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. The guiding significance must be cherished, persisted for a long time, and continuously enriched and developed in practice.
First, we must uphold the party’s leadership over all work and constantly strengthen and improve party leadership. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the most essential feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest advantage of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The party, government, and the people's studies, the East, the West, the Middle East, the Middle East, the party is leading everything. It is precisely because we have always adhered to the party’s centralized and unified leadership that we can achieve a great historical turning point, open a new era of reform and opening up, and a new journey of great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Only in order to successfully cope with a series of major risk challenges and overcome countless difficulties and obstacles can we effectively respond to the situation. Pingfeng wave, war flood, anti-SARS, anti-earthquake, and crisis can not take the road of closed and rigid old roads or the evil road of changing flags, but firmly adhere to the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics. To uphold the leadership of the party, we must constantly improve the party's leadership and make the party's leadership more adaptable to the requirements of practice, the times, and the people. On the issue of upholding the party's leadership, the major principle that determines the future and destiny of the party and the country, the entire party must maintain a high degree of ideological consciousness, political consciousness, and conscious action, and it cannot be shaken.
On the way forward, we must strengthen the "four senses" and strengthen the "four self-confidences", resolutely safeguard the party's central authority and centralize unified leadership, and implement and reflect the party's leadership to reform, development, stability, internal affairs, foreign affairs, national defense, and the rule of the country. The military and other fields. Every step of reform and opening up is not easy. In the future, we will face such risk challenges and even encounter unimaginable storms. Our party must take the overall situation, coordinate all parties, adhere to scientific governance, democratic governance, and rule by law, improve the party's leadership style and ruling style, improve the party's ability to govern and leadership, and constantly improve the party's direction, the overall situation, the policy, The ability to promote reform and the determination to ensure that the ship of reform and opening up will follow the correct course.
Second, we must adhere to the people as the center and constantly realize the people's yearning for a better life. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: seeking happiness for the Chinese people and seeking rejuvenation for the Chinese nation is the initial heart and mission of the Chinese Communists and the initial heart and mission of reform and opening up. It is the fundamental purpose of the party that our party comes from the people, roots the people, benefits the people, and serves the people wholeheartedly. We must take the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people as the fundamental starting point and foothold of all our work, and insist on the support of the people. Their approval and the disapproval, their happiness or unhappy ought to be taken as the basis for formulating policies, complying with the people's desires, respecting public opinion, paying attention to the people's sentiments, and striving for people's livelihood. It not only leads the people forward by proposing and implementing correct theories and guidelines, but also gains momentum from the people's practical creation and development requirements. Let the people share the fruits of reform and opening up and inspire the people to more consciously participate in the cause of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization.
On the way forward, we must always regard the people’s longing for a better life as our goal, practice the party’s fundamental purpose, implement the party’s mass line, respect the people’s dominant position, and respect the will expressed by the people in their practical activities. The experience created, the rights it has, and the role it plays have fully stimulated the creative power that lies in the people. We must improve the democratic system, broaden the channels of democracy, enrich the forms of democracy, improve the protection of the rule of law, and ensure that the people enjoy the democratic rights that are widely, fully, truly, concretely and effectively used in accordance with the law. We must focus on solving the urgent needs of the people and let the people share economic, political, cultural, social, ecological and other development achievements. There are more, more direct and more realistic feelings of acquisition, happiness and security. Promote the all-round development of people and the common prosperity of all people.
Third, we must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism and constantly advance theoretical innovation on the basis of practice. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: innovation is the life of reform and opening up. There is no end to the development of practice, and there is no end to emancipating the mind. Engels said: "The ultimate cause of all social changes and political changes should not be found in people's minds, in people's increasingly acquainted understanding of eternal truth and justice, but in the change of production methods and exchange methods. To find". We adhere to the theory and practice, answer the questions of the times and the people's questions in a timely manner, clear up the fog of thoughts that plague and constrain the development of practice, continuously promote the popularization of Marxism in China, and constantly open up a new realm of Marxism.
On the way forward, we must adhere to the guiding principles of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of the "Three Represents", the scientific development concept, and the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and adhere to the organic unity of emancipating the mind and seeking truth from facts. Developing the Marxism in the 21st century and contemporary Chinese Marxism is the historical responsibility of the contemporary Chinese Communist Party. We must strengthen the awareness of the problem, the consciousness of the times, and the sense of strategy. We should grasp the essence and internal connection of the development of things with a profound historical perspective and a broad international perspective, closely follow the creative practices of hundreds of millions of people, learn from the absorption of all outstanding human civilization achievements, and continually answer The new major issues raised by the times and practices have enabled contemporary Chinese Marxism to radiate a more brilliant truth.
Fourth, we must adhere to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and constantly uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the direction determines the future, and the road determines the fate. If we want to hold our destiny in our own hands, we must be determined to be unchanging and unchanging. In the 40 years of reform and opening up, the theme of all our party's theory and practice is to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. In China, a big country with more than 5,000 years of civilization and more than 1.3 billion people, it is a textbook that can be regarded as a golden rule, and there is no teacher who can swear by the Chinese people. Mr. Lu Xun said: "What is the road? It is the place that has been trampled out from the place where there is no road, and it has been opened up from the place where only the thorns are found." The road of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the road to the prosperity of contemporary China and catching up with the times and leading the development of the times. Don't waver down.
On the way forward, we must adhere to the guidance of the socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era and the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, strengthen the "four self-confidences", and firmly grasp the direction of reform and opening up. What to change and how to change must be based on whether it is in line with the overall goal of perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and advancing the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. We must resolutely change the reforms that cannot be changed. The change will not change. We must uphold the party's basic line, unite the two basic points of adhering to the four basic principles and adhere to the reform and opening up with economic construction as the center, and adhere to the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We will continue to do so for a long time.
Fifth, we must persist in improving and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics and constantly exerting and strengthening our institutional advantages. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: the system is a fundamental, overall, stable and long-term issue concerning the development of the cause of the party and the state. We have tweaked the key to perfecting and developing the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, providing a powerful guarantee for liberating and developing social productive forces, emancipating and enhancing social vitality, and maintaining the vitality of the party and the country. In order to maintain the stability of the overall situation of the society and ensure the people’s livelihood and security, National security provides a strong guarantee, letting all the energies of labor, knowledge, technology, management, capital and other elements compete to let go, so that all sources of social wealth are constantly flowing and constantly establishing a dynamic institutional mechanism.
On the way forward, we must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector of the economy, unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector of the economy, give full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, give better play to the role of the government, and stimulate various market players. vitality. We must uphold the party's leadership, the people being the masters of the country, and the rule of law, and uphold and improve the people's congress system, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of grassroots self-government. Governing the country, consolidating and developing the most extensive patriotic united front, developing socialist deliberative democracy, and using the system to ensure that the people are the masters of the country. We must strengthen the institutional construction of the cultural field, raise the banner, gather the hearts of the people, educate new people, promote the culture, display the image, actively cultivate and practice the core values of socialism, promote the creative transformation and innovative development of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and inherit the revolutionary culture and development. Advanced culture, strive to create a Chinese culture that shines in the light and shines in the world. We must strengthen the building of social governance systems, continuously promote social fairness and justice, and maintain social stability and order. We must strengthen the construction of an ecological civilization system and implement the most stringent ecological environmental protection system. We must resolutely remove all institutional and institutional obstacles and interests that hinder development, and accelerate the formation of a system that is well-systemized, scientifically standardized, and effective, and promotes a more mature and stereotyped socialist system with Chinese characteristics.
Sixth, we must adhere to the development of the top priority and continuously enhance China's overall national strength. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has enlightened us: liberating and developing social productive forces and enhancing the comprehensive national strength of the socialist countries are the essential requirements and fundamental tasks of socialism. Only by firmly holding the center of economic construction, unswervingly insisting that development is the last word, development should be the strategic thinking of scientific development and high-quality development, and promoting sustained and healthy economic and social development, can comprehensively enhance China’s economic strength, scientific and technological strength, and national defense. Strength and comprehensive national strength can lay a solid material foundation for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
On the way forward, we must focus on solving the major social contradictions between the people’s growing needs for a better life and the development of unbalanced development, and resolutely implement the development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and promote the overall development. The overall layout of the "Five in One", coordinated and promoted the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, promoted high-quality development, promoted the simultaneous development of new industrialization, informationization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, accelerated the construction of a modern economic system, and strived to achieve higher quality and Efficient, fairer and more sustainable development. We must adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, actively transform the development mode, optimize the economic structure, transform the growth momentum, actively expand domestic demand, implement the regional coordinated development strategy, implement the rural revitalization strategy, resolutely lay the groundwork to prevent and resolve major risks, and accurately eliminate poverty. The battle for pollution prevention and control. We must adhere to the concept that innovation is the first driving force, talent is the first resource, implement innovation-driven development strategy, improve the national innovation system, accelerate the independent innovation of key core technologies, and create a new engine for economic and social development. We must strengthen the construction of ecological civilization, firmly establish the green water and green hills is the concept of Jinshan Yinshan, form a green development mode and lifestyle, and build our great motherland to be more beautiful, let the people live in the blue, green and water. In the beautiful environment of the Qing.
Seventh, we must persist in expanding openness and constantly promote the building of a community of human destiny. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: openness brings progress, and closure is bound to fall behind. China's development cannot be separated from the world, and the prosperity of the world also needs China. We will coordinate the two major domestic and international situations, adhere to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, implement a proactive open policy, and form a comprehensive new pattern of all-round, multi-level and wide-ranging areas, creating a good international environment for our country and opening up a broad space for development. .
On the way forward, we must uphold the banner of peace, development, cooperation and win-win, abide by the foreign policy objectives of safeguarding world peace and promoting common development, and promote the building of new international relations of mutual respect, fairness, justice, cooperation and win-win. We must respect the right of people of all countries to choose their own development path, safeguard international fairness and justice, advocate the democratization of international relations, oppose imposing their will on others, oppose interference in other countries' internal affairs, and oppose strong bullying. We must play the role of a responsible big country, support the development of the vast number of developing countries, actively participate in the reform and construction of the global governance system, and work together to build a world of lasting peace, universal security, common prosperity, openness, tolerance, and clean beauty. We must support an open, transparent, inclusive and non-discriminatory multilateral trading system, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and promote economic globalization toward a more open, inclusive, inclusive, balanced and win-win direction. We must focus on building the “Belt and Road” and work together with all parties to build a new platform for international cooperation and add new impetus to the common development of the world. China will never develop itself at the expense of the interests of other countries, and will never give up its legitimate rights and interests. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, and China's development does not pose a threat to any country. No matter how far China develops, it will never seek hegemony.
Eighth, we must persist in the strict administration of the party and continuously improve the party's creativity, cohesiveness, and combat effectiveness. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: Ironing must be hard. The key to running China's affairs is the party. The key is to uphold the party's ability to manage the party and to strictly manage the party. Only by leading the great social revolution of reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, our party will unswervingly push forward the party's great self-revolution, dare to remove all viruses that erode the healthy body of the party, and enable the party to continuously purify itself, improve itself, and innovate itself. Self-improvement, and constantly enhance the party's political leadership, ideological leadership, mass organization, and social appeal, can ensure that the party always maintains flesh-and-blood ties with the people.
On the way forward, we must follow the general requirements of the party building in the new era and take political construction as the guide, continuously push forward the new great project of party building, continuously strengthen the unity and unity of the entire party, create vitality, and constantly strengthen the ruling ability of the whole party. The construction is stronger and more powerful. We must persist in examining ourselves with the requirements of the development of the times, alert ourselves with a strong sense of urgency, strengthen and improve ourselves with the spirit of reform and innovation, exercise improvement in coping with risk challenges, purify and purify in solving outstanding contradictions and problems existing in the party, and continuously improve Governing the party and managing the party. We must adhere to the combination of both ability and political integrity, morality first, meritocracy, and strive to cultivate a high-quality cadre team and a large talent team. We must deepen the tackling of both the symptoms and the roots with the perseverance and perseverance of anti-corruption on the road, resolutely eliminate all corrupt elements, ensure the cadres are clean, the government is clean, and politically clear, and create a political ecology of Haishuheqing for continuing to promote reform and opening up.
Ninth, we must adhere to the dialectical materialism and historical materialism world outlook and methodology, and correctly handle the relationship between reform, development, and stability. The practice of 40 years of reform and opening up has inspired us: China is a big country and we must never make subversive mistakes on fundamental issues. We adhere to the combination of strengthening the party's leadership and respecting the people's initiative, adhering to the combination of “touching the stones and crossing the river” and the top-level design, adhering to the unity of problem orientation and goal orientation, adhering to the pilot advancement and comprehensive promotion, and encouraging bold trials. I am bold, and persist in seeking truth from facts and doing good deeds to ensure that the reform and opening up will be stable and far-reaching.
On the way forward, we must strengthen strategic thinking, dialectical thinking, innovative thinking, rule of law thinking, bottom line thinking, strengthen macro thinking and top-level design, adhere to problem-oriented, focus on the prominent contradictions and problems facing China's development, conduct in-depth investigation and study, and encourage grassroots boldness. Explore, adhere to the convergence of reform decision-making and legislative decision-making, and continuously improve the scientific nature of reform decisions. We must take out the tenacity of scratching the iron and stepping on the stone, and do a good job of nailing the nails to ensure that all major reform measures are implemented. We must dare to be the first in the world, dare to dare to try, but also to be active and steady, steadily and steadily, to stabilize and unify the reform and development, to maintain the same direction, the road is not biased, and the strength is not diminished, and to push the reform and opening up in the new era to be more stable. Go further.
Comrades, friends!
It is the strategic task of China's socialist modernization drive to adhere to the unity of rich countries and strong military forces, and to build a national defense and a strong army that is commensurate with China's international status and compatible with national security and development interests. We must comprehensively implement the party's strong military ideology in the new era, uphold the party's absolute leadership over the military, grasp the general trend of the world's new military revolution, adhere to the road of strengthening the military with Chinese characteristics, comprehensively deepen national defense and military reform, and promote political building and reform. Strengthening the military, developing the army through science and technology, and managing the army according to law, building a people's army that listens to the party's command, can win the battle and has a good work style, and strives to build a world-class army. To safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, and to maintain world peace and stability, To provide a strong backing for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
The great concept of "one country, two systems" has a strong vitality. We must comprehensively and accurately implement the policy of "one country, two systems", "Hong Kong people ruling Hong Kong", "Macao people governing Macao" and a high degree of autonomy. We will strictly follow the Constitution and the Basic Law, improve the systems and mechanisms related to the implementation of the Basic Law, and maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao. We will support and promote the better integration of Hong Kong and Macao into the overall situation of national development, and let the compatriots of Hong Kong and Macao share the historical responsibility of national rejuvenation with the people of the motherland and share the great glory of the prosperity and prosperity of the motherland.
Realizing the complete reunification of the motherland is the common aspiration of all Chinese people and the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. We must adhere to the one-China principle and the "92 Consensus", consolidate and develop the foundation for the peaceful development of cross-strait relations, deepen cross-strait economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and benefit the compatriots on both sides of the strait. We have firm political determination and strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, and the sacred territory of the motherland cannot be split.
Comrades, friends!
The Chinese people have a great dream spirit, and the Chinese nation is full of revolution and openness. Thousands of years ago, the ancestors of the Chinese nation upheld the great practice of creating Chinese civilization by upholding the spirit of " "While Zhou is an old state, its fate is restored." Since ancient times, there have been countless reforms in the land of China, and the heroic declarations such as "not to rule the world, to make the country unlawful" have been left. Since ancient times, the Chinese nation has carried out the social exchanges and cultural exchanges of the same region with confidence and generosity with the broad mind of "Great World" and "Concord Wanbang". It has written the long song of the vast road of Wanlibo Wanlibo. It has also created the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty in Chang'an. It is this transformation and open spirit of "Tian Xingjian, gentlemen with self-improvement", "Geo-sports, gentlemen with virtue", which makes Chinese civilization the only splendid civilization in human history that has not been interrupted for more than 5,000 years. With thousands of years of history, change and openness are generally the historical norm of China. The Chinese nation continues to move toward the future with its attitude of reform and opening up. It has far-reaching historical roots and profound cultural roots.
If we are such a big country, we should have ambitions. Comrade Mao Zedong said: "To win the national victory, this is only the first step in the long march. If this step is also worthy of pride, it is relatively small, and more proud to be behind. Seeing China after a few decades The victory of the people's democratic revolution will make people feel that it is just a short prelude to a long drama. The drama must start from the prelude, but the prelude is not the climax." "We are not only good at destroying an old world, we also Will be good at building a new world."
At the beginning of reform and opening up, although our country is large, with a large population and a weak foundation, we are faced with difficulties and challenges. However, we are full of confidence in the future and have designed a grand blueprint for achieving socialist modernization with more than 70 years and three steps. No extraordinary courage and firm self-confidence can't make such far-reaching ideas and decisions.
For 40 years, we have determined that Castle Peak will not relax, and the wind and rain will move forward toward this great goal. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward higher goals for the development of China, and formed a strategic arrangement from building a well-off society in an all-round way to basically realizing modernization to building a socialist modernization and strengthening country. It has issued a Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The strongest sound.
The ancients said: "Those who are born are born of anxiety, become successful in business, and lose pride." Great dreams are not waiting for, calling, but spelling out and doing it. What we are in now is a time when the ship is more turbulent and the road to the mountain is steeper. It is a time when it is getting harder and harder, getting more and more dangerous, and not getting in and going back. Reform and opening up have gone through thousands of mountains and rivers, but they still need to wading through mountains and rivers. The mission ahead of the entire party and the people of all nationalities is even more glorious, the task is more arduous, the challenges are more severe, and the work is even greater. In this era of thousands of sails and hundreds of battles, we must not be half-pointed, complacent, self-sufficient, and must not hesitate to succumb to the great struggles, great works, great undertakings, great dreams. Courage the tide and fight hard.
Belief, conviction, and confidence are vital at all times. As small as a person, a collective, as large as a political party, a nation, or a country, as long as there is faith, conviction, and confidence, they will become more frustrated, more wary, and more courageous, otherwise they will not defeat themselves or fight themselves and collapse. No matter in the past, present or future, the belief in Marxism, the belief in socialism with Chinese characteristics, and the confidence in realizing the great dream of the Chinese nation's rejuvenation in China are the powerful spirits that guide and support the Chinese people to stand up, get rich, and become a stronger power.
Comrades, friends!
Forty years of shocking waves, the 90,000 miles of wind Peng is lifting. The reason why the rivers can rush out of the cliffs is because of the accumulation of thousands of miles of rushing and dying. In the long history of modern times, the Chinese people have experienced too many hardships, paid too many sacrifices, and carried out too much hard work. Now, the powerful energy accumulated by the Chinese people and the Chinese nation in the historical process has fully erupted, providing an unstoppable strength for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Building a socialist modernization and strengthening the country and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a relay run. We must run one after the other, and every generation must ran a good result for the next generation.
The entire party and the people of all nationalities should be more closely united around the Party Central Committee, hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, remember the original heart, bear in mind the mission, carry out reform and opening up to the end, and constantly realize the people's yearning for a better life and create in the new era. The new miracle of the Chin-->
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