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| Pix credit here (1954 Poster "Uphold/Defend the Constitution") |
The role of the Chinese State constitution has generated a tremendous amount of smoke, and precious little fire. The odor of that smoke, in turn, reflects the ideological wood type that is burned in the service of its own cognitive imperatives. Even within China. These are important discussions, certainly; discussions made all the more so because they are, at their root not so much about the constitution itself (as object/artifact, as signifier of the rationalizing of power relations in politics; and as the incarnation of the collective meaning/manifestation f the political order--the perfect semiotic vessel), but if the virtue of the ruling order that these textual containers, these 九鼎 (nine cauldrons) represent.
You know the story: Nine bronze tripods– cast back in the mists of great antiquity– were treasured by ancient Chinese Kings as a symbol of their right to rule. Passed down from dynasty to dynasty– for nearly 2,000 years (or so the story goes) until the time when the First Emperor, Shihuangdi, finally toppled the last Zhou King– and rather than see their transfer to Shihuangdi’s new dynasty– the last Chu King flung the nine bronzes forever into the River Si.* * *Given their symbolic significance, Shihuangdi actively attempted to dredge up the sacred bronzes from the river, but it was to no avail; and scholars of later dynasties saw this as further evidence of the lack of moral virtue of the First Emperor. (Enchantment and the Nine Bronze Tripods九鼎).
Pix credit here
In some respects, perhaps, the Chinese state constitution now serves as one of the generative or representational cauldrons of the authority of governance through the State. That cauldron serves as the expression of the Communist Party of China's fundamental or basic political line as expressed in the institutional and governance apparatus poured into State institutions and animated through a cage of regulations that reflect the mass line dialectics between the people and the vanguard of social forces as a framework through which appropriate movement along the Socialist Path may be undertaken. The other cauldron--for there are now two--is the CPC itself, whose virtue serves as the animating principle that drives the institutions of State for the masses as a function of its own internal virtue to govern itself appropriately to the ends of correctly applying the fundamental principles of the political-economic systems towards its wends at every stage of the nation's historical development and in the face of the general contradiction that defines each historical stage.
That, anyway, is the theory.
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| Pix credit Ministry of Justice 2022; also here |
President Xi Jinping has stressed promoting the spirit of the Constitution and upholding the Constitution's authority. * * * [He] called for making efforts to guide all people to loyally uphold, willingly comply with and firmly safeguard the socialist rule of law. The priority of upholding law-based governance is to stick to Constitution-based governance, Xi stressed. It's necessary to develop effective and comprehensive institutions to ensure compliance with the Constitution, strengthen constitutional oversight and safeguard its authority, so as to elevate constitutional enforcement to a new level, he said. Educational campaigns should be launched within the entirety of the Party and society to promote the spirit of the Constitution and establish its authority, said Xi. (Xi calls for safeguarding Constitution, socialist rule of law, 2018)
These are ideas and objectives that resurface from time to time as part of the effort to advance the development of the masses in a dialectic the value of which is forward movement in the engagement between the masses coming closer to the patriotic ideal and the State organs that reflect the refinement of the engagement between people and CPC through the formalized structures of whole process people's democracy (全过程人民民主) (discussed here).
Two recent essays suggest the contemporary contours of this approach to Leninist Constitutionalism with Chinese characteristics. The first, 持续推动宪法深入人心 [Continuously Promoting the Constitution to Take Root in People's Hearts] was published in the December 2025 issue of Red Flag (or perhaps more comprehensively transliterated as Revolutionary Banner) Journal 《红旗文稿》2025年第23期 (on the semiotics of flags, banners and the like, see here), speaks to the nature of and the need to more deeply embed the (state) constitutional text among the masses in an appropriate way. The second, 抓住“关键少数”的理论意蕴 [Grasping the Theoretical Implications of Focusing on the "Key Few"], published earlier in the People's Daily, speaks to the incarnation of the virtue of the country through which the connection between constitution (and constitutional organs) and the leading and guiding forces of the country may be aligned.
The first is a consequence of renewed efforts from the Central Propaganda Department of the Ministry of Justice to further proper education of constitution and constitutional values among the masses [近日，中央宣传部、司法部、全国普法办联合印发通知，以“学习宣传贯彻习近平法治思想，推动宪法深入人心”为主题，在全国范围内开展宪法宣传教育活动。] (持续推动宪法深入人心). The cauldron of the (state) constitution stands on three legs /as is appropriate for a ritual symbolic vessel with ancient roots). "The Constitution is the fundamental law of the state, the general charter for governing the country and ensuring national security, and a concentrated embodiment of the will of the Party and the people" [ 宪法是国家的根本法，是治国安邦的总章程，是党和人民意志的集中体现。] (持续推动宪法深入人心) The reference is not filler. With respect to the state, the constitution serves as the fundamental operating system of its structures and operation. With respect to the country, the constitution serves as the blueprint for governance (specification of rights and duties) and the paramount obligation to protect the security of the state. With respect to the Communist Party, the constitution serves as the materialization, from time to time (recall this is a dynamic process of temporal iterative dialectics), of its leadership and guidance of the state (apparatus), the country, and the people. The rest follows--with the CPC necessarily at the center.
It is not so much that the constitution is not itself of paramount importance in the construction of the meta-bars of the cognitive cage of Chinese Marxist Leninism applied to the conditions of the country and the needs of the people with an eye towards the objective to which all national productive forces must be developed. No; it is that it occupies a space between the normative authority of the CPC as the embodiment of politics, and the institutional forces through which that embodiment is operationalized in ways that protect the people from abusive exercises of administrative discretion by state officials, and as a guide toward proper conduct--within law--by everyone else. On top of all of this construction is 鼎, the constitutional cauldron, that is itself the vessel in which authority may be activated and through which it is manifested. But the 鼎 is neither itself the authority, nor is it the phenomenon of activation.All of this abstraction makes no sense unless translated into concrete (pragmatic) manifestations in historical context. In this case the reader's attention is brought to three areas of socialist development of socialist administrative constitutionalism over which is the constitution of the people in and through the CPC. The essay identifies the categories around which constitutional success may be measured.
The first touches on sub-systems of rationalized legislation that translate the more abstract directives of the constitution into the everyday operational frameworks and structures f officials in institutions--and describes in more detail the nature of their regulatory cages. 重点领域、新兴领域、涉外领域立法不断加强，国家治理急需、满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要必备的法律制度不断健全，以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系日益完善。[Legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas has been continuously strengthened, and the legal system urgently needed for national governance and essential for meeting the people's growing needs for a better life has been continuously improved, resulting in an increasingly perfect socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics centered on the Constitution. ] (持续推动宪法深入人心). Note the connection between the objects to be measured (legislation) and the measure against which they are to be valued (a perfected socialist legal system).
The second touches on constitutional review. That has been itself an object of decades long debate among the global intelligentsia and others. "The system and capacity building for constitutional review and record-filing review have been strengthened, and the level of constitutional supervision has steadily improved. " [加强合宪性审查、备案审查制度和能力建设，宪法监督水平稳步提高。] (持续推动宪法深入人心). These have been undertaken within the State rather than as part of the dialectic between the people and the State or the people and the CPC. That makes sense as a function of the basic ordering premise of the constitution itself (as the operating system of institutional governance) rather than as the space within which the political dialectics of the mass line may be applied. Constitutional controversy, then, is assumed to be technical--a matter of aligning constitutional text and practice with the will of the Party and People, rather than as the place within which that will is rendered through constitutional text. That is the inherent Leninism of socialist constitutionalism and one of its key points of difference with fundamental ordering characteristics of liberal democratic constitutional spaces. All of that, of course, is to be distinguished from disciplining and inspecting officials and correcting their errors--but even there, the role of discipline and inspection is left to the state (technical compliance and abuse of authority) and the CPC (compliance with the fundamental political line) (eg here).
And the third emerges from an application of the mass line for socialist legality generally and the constitution in particular--the need for educating the masses appropriately with respect to the nature and proper relationship between the constitution, the state, the Party, and the masses themselves. 宪法学习宣传教育深入开展，全民宪法意识显著提升，尊法学法守法用法的社会氛围日益浓厚。[In-depth constitutional learning, publicity, and education have been carried out, the constitutional awareness of all citizens has been significantly enhanced, and a social atmosphere of respecting, learning, abiding by, and applying the law has become increasingly strong] (持续推动宪法深入人心). The nature of education is grounded in awareness and abiding, both of which are stressed. Here, again, the three legs of the 鼎cauldron of the constitution. This time the 鼎is not the constitution itself, but rather the three legs of the constitutional system itself. "宪法的根基在于人民发自内心的拥护，宪法的伟力在于人民出自真诚的信仰。" [ The foundation of the Constitution lies in the heartfelt support of the people, and the power of the Constitution lies in the sincere belief of the people.] (持续推动宪法深入人心).
That leaves the question of what is left to be done. The march toward perfection requires both refinement and the better engagement of the CPC itself, through its own structures. Part of that requires a stronger focus on the unification of law. Perhaps more importantly is a focus on the connection between the critical legs of the cauldron of constitution itself:
在推进全面依法治国的新征程上，要牢牢把握党对宪法工作的全面领导这一根本原则，充分彰显我国宪法制度的独特优势。将宪法实施深度融入治国理政各环节，持续提高党依宪治国、依宪执政的能力水平。[On the new journey of advancing the comprehensive rule of law, it is essential to firmly grasp the fundamental principle of the Party's overall leadership over constitutional work and fully demonstrate the unique advantages of my country's constitutional system. The implementation of the Constitution should be deeply integrated into all aspects of national governance, continuously improving the Party's ability to govern and administer the country in accordance with the Constitution.] (持续推动宪法深入人心).
That, in turn, requires focus on key areas: 例如，保证宪法全面实施的制度体系有待进一步健全，合宪性审查、备案审查工作有待进一步提质增效，广大干部群众特别是领导干部这个“关键少数”的宪法意识、宪法观念有待进一步全面提升。[For example, the institutional system for ensuring the full implementation of the Constitution needs to be further improved; the quality and efficiency of constitutional review and record-filing review work need to be further enhanced; and the constitutional awareness and understanding of the general public, especially leading cadres who constitute a "key few [critical minority]," need to be comprehensively improved.] (持续推动宪法深入人心).
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It is that last reference--the one to “关键少数” [key few or critical minority] that connects the constitutional order to its normative center in and through the CPC. That concept was the subject earlier in 2025 of a People's Daily article projected toward the masses (as part of their constitutional education)-- 抓住“关键少数”的理论意蕴 [Grasping the Theoretical Implications of Focusing on the "Key Few"].
“关键少数”是指在党和国家治理体系中发挥关键作用的领导干部群体。习近平总书记在党的十八届四中全会第二次全体会议上，强调推进依法治国“必须抓住领导干部这个‘关键少数’”。* * * 抓住“关键少数”是马克思主义中国化时代化的创新成果[The "key few" refers to the group of leading cadres who play a crucial role in the Party and state governance system. At the second plenary session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that promoting the rule of law "must focus on leading cadres, the 'key few'." * * * Focusing on the "key few" is an innovative achievement of the Sinicization and modernization of Marxism.]
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The concept of the "key few" then, aligns key conceptual framing elements of Chinese Marxist Leninism in its new era. The first is the alignment with socialist modernization, which after the 3rd Plenum in 2024, heightened the focus not just on development (socialist modernization) that moves the nation forward along the Socialist Path, but innovative or high quality development of all of the productive forces of the nation (including the CPC itself) to accelerate that forward movement. (here, and here)
* * *
Perhaps it might be best to end these reflections with an old story that may, in the end, provide a sounder basis for analysis than many modern efforts (I use the version in Baidu):
王孙满对楚子: 楚子伐陆浑之戎，遂至于luò雒，观兵于周疆。定王使王孙满劳楚子。楚子问鼎之大小轻重焉。对曰：“在德不在鼎。昔夏之方有德也，远方图物，贡金九牧，铸鼎象物，百物而为之备，使民知神奸。故民入川泽山林，不逢不若。chi螭mèi魅wǎng罔liǎng两，莫能逢之。用能协于上下，以承天休。桀有昏德，鼎迁于商，载祀六百。商纣暴虐，鼎迁于周。德之休明，虽小，重也。其奸回昏乱，虽大，轻也。天zuò祚明德，有所厎止。成王定鼎于郏鄏，卜世三十，卜年七百，天所命也。周德虽衰，天命未改。鼎之轻重，未可问也。” [Wang Sunman's Reply to the King of Chu: The King of Chu attacked the Rong people of Luhun and then advanced to Luoyang, displaying his troops on the borders of Zhou territory. King Ding of Zhou sent Wang Sunman to greet the King of Chu. The King of Chu inquired about the size and weight of the tripods. Wang Sunman replied: "It is virtue that matters, not the tripods. In the past, when the Xia dynasty possessed virtue, people from distant lands presented images of their local products, and the nine provinces offered metal, which was used to cast tripods depicting these objects. All things were represented, allowing the people to recognize benevolent and malevolent spirits. Therefore, when people entered rivers, swamps, mountains, and forests, they encountered no misfortune. Even mythical creatures and evil spirits could not harm them. Thus, harmony prevailed between heaven and earth, and they received Heaven's blessings. When Jie possessed corrupt virtue, the tripods were transferred to the Shang dynasty, where they remained for six hundred years. When Shang Zhou was tyrannical, the tripods were transferred to the Zhou dynasty. When virtue is flourishing and bright, even a small tripod is heavy. When there is treachery, corruption, and chaos, even a large tripod is light. Heaven bestows its blessings upon virtuous rulers, and there is a limit to its favor. King Cheng established the tripods in Jiayu, and the oracle predicted thirty generations and seven hundred years of rule; this was Heaven's decree. Although the virtue of Zhou has declined, Heaven's mandate has not changed. The weight of the tripods is not something to be questioned."]
The essay 持续推动宪法深入人心 [Continuously Promoting the Constitution to Take Root in People's Hearts] follows below in its original Chinese and in its English translation.
持续推动宪法深入人心
来源：《红旗文稿》2025/23 作者：求是网评论员 2025-12-15 16:24:41
2025年12月4日，是我国第十二个国家宪法日。近日，中央宣传部、司法部、全国普法办联合印发通知，以“学习宣传贯彻习近平法治思想，推动宪法深入人心”为主题，在全国范围内开展宪法宣传教育活动。
宪法是国家的根本法，是治国安邦的总章程，是党和人民意志的集中体现。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央高度重视宪法在治国理政中的重要地位和作用，丰富和发展了中国特色社会主义宪法理论和宪法实践，推动我国宪法制度建设和宪法实施取得历史性成就。坚定维护宪法权威和尊严，坚持宪法规定、宪法原则、宪法精神全面贯彻。重点领域、新兴领域、涉外领域立法不断加强，国家治理急需、满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要必备的法律制度不断健全，以宪法为核心的中国特色社会主义法律体系日益完善。加强合宪性审查、备案审查制度和能力建设，宪法监督水平稳步提高。宪法学习宣传教育深入开展，全民宪法意识显著提升，尊法学法守法用法的社会氛围日益浓厚。
也要看到，全面贯彻实施宪法还面临一些新情况。例如，保证宪法全面实施的制度体系有待进一步健全，合宪性审查、备案审查工作有待进一步提质增效，广大干部群众特别是领导干部这个“关键少数”的宪法意识、宪法观念有待进一步全面提升。必须始终坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入学习贯彻习近平法治思想，全面贯彻实施宪法，增强宪法意识，履行宪法职责，将宪法实施提高到新水平。
党的二十届四中全会将“社会主义法治国家建设达到更高水平”列入“十五五”时期经济社会发展的主要目标，强调“加强宪法法律实施和监督，完善维护国家法治统一制度机制”。在推进全面依法治国的新征程上，要牢牢把握党对宪法工作的全面领导这一根本原则，充分彰显我国宪法制度的独特优势。将宪法实施深度融入治国理政各环节，持续提高党依宪治国、依宪执政的能力水平。健全保障宪法全面实施的制度机制，不断提高宪法实施和监督的质效。强化宪法理论研究和宣传教育，持续增强宪法理论和实践的说服力、感召力和影响力，更好发挥我国宪法制度的显著优势和重要作用。
宪法的根基在于人民发自内心的拥护，宪法的伟力在于人民出自真诚的信仰。今年11月1日，法治宣传教育法正式施行，宪法学习宣传教育有了法律护航。该法将“加强宪法宣传教育”作为法治宣传教育的重要内容，推动宪法宣传教育常态化、长效化。大力加强宪法宣传教育，持续推动宪法深入人心，让宪法精神融入社会生活的方方面面，并转化为全体人民的自觉行动和坚定信仰，必将为以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业提供更有力法治保障。
责任编辑：孙 剑
Continuously Promoting the Constitution to Take Root in People's Hearts
Source: *Red Flag Manuscript*, 2025/23 Author: Qiushi.com Commentator 2025-12-15 16:24:41
December 4, 2025, marked China's twelfth National Constitution Day. Recently, the Central Propaganda Department, the Ministry of Justice, and the National Office for Popularizing Legal Knowledge jointly issued a notice to carry out constitutional publicity and education activities nationwide, with the theme of "Studying, publicizing, and implementing Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, and promoting the Constitution to take root in people's hearts."
The Constitution is the fundamental law of the state, the general charter for governing the country and ensuring national security, and a concentrated embodiment of the will of the Party and the people. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has attached great importance to the important position and role of the Constitution in national governance, enriching and developing the theory and practice of the socialist constitution with Chinese characteristics, and promoting historical achievements in the construction and implementation of China's constitutional system. The authority and dignity of the Constitution have been firmly upheld, and the provisions, principles, and spirit of the Constitution have been fully implemented. Legislation in key areas, emerging areas, and foreign-related areas has been continuously strengthened, and the legal system urgently needed for national governance and essential for meeting the people's growing needs for a better life has been continuously improved, resulting in an increasingly perfect socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics centered on the Constitution. The system and capacity building for constitutional review and record-filing review have been strengthened, and the level of constitutional supervision has steadily improved. In-depth constitutional learning, publicity, and education have been carried out, the constitutional awareness of all citizens has been significantly enhanced, and a social atmosphere of respecting, learning, abiding by, and applying the law has become increasingly strong.
However, it must also be acknowledged that the full implementation of the Constitution still faces some new challenges. For example, the institutional system to ensure the full implementation of the Constitution needs further improvement, the work of constitutional review and record-filing review needs further improvement in quality and efficiency, and the constitutional awareness and concepts of the vast number of cadres and the public, especially leading cadres—the "key minority"—need to be further comprehensively enhanced. It is imperative to always adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guiding principle, deeply study and implement Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, fully implement the Constitution, enhance constitutional awareness, fulfill constitutional responsibilities, and raise the implementation of the Constitution to a new level. The Fourth Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China included "achieving a higher level of socialist rule of law" as a major goal for economic and social development during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, emphasizing "strengthening the implementation and supervision of the Constitution and laws, and improving the institutional mechanisms for maintaining the unity of the national rule of law." On the new journey of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, it is crucial to firmly grasp the fundamental principle of the Party's overall leadership over constitutional work and fully demonstrate the unique advantages of China's constitutional system. The implementation of the Constitution should be deeply integrated into all aspects of national governance, continuously improving the Party's ability to govern and administer according to the Constitution. Institutional mechanisms for guaranteeing the comprehensive implementation of the Constitution should be improved, continuously enhancing the quality and effectiveness of constitutional implementation and supervision. Constitutional theory research and public education should be strengthened, continuously enhancing the persuasiveness, appeal, and influence of constitutional theory and practice, and better leveraging the significant advantages and important role of China's constitutional system.
The foundation of the Constitution lies in the heartfelt support of the people, and the power of the Constitution lies in the sincere belief of the people. On November 1st this year, the Law on Legal Publicity and Education officially came into effect, providing legal protection for constitutional learning and publicity. This law designates "strengthening constitutional publicity and education" as an important content of legal publicity and education, promoting the normalization and long-term effectiveness of constitutional publicity and education. Vigorously strengthening constitutional publicity and education, continuously promoting the Constitution to take root in people's hearts, and integrating the spirit of the Constitution into all aspects of social life, transforming it into the conscious actions and firm beliefs of all the people, will undoubtedly provide stronger legal guarantees for comprehensively advancing the building of a strong nation and the great cause of national rejuvenation through Chinese modernization.
Editor: Sun Jian
抓住“关键少数”的理论意蕴（深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想）
张 浩 《人民日报》（2025年07月16日 第 09 版）
领导干部作为关系党和国家事业发展的“关键少数”，对全党全社会都具有引领和推动作用。党的二十大报告提出：“锲而不舍落实中央八项规定精神，抓住‘关键少数’以上率下，持续深化纠治‘四风’，重点纠治形式主义、官僚主义，坚决破除特权思想和特权行为。”这既是对落实中央八项规定精神实践经验的总结凝练，也是全党必须长期坚持的实践要求。党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央以作风建设为突破口，将抓住“关键少数”作为管党治党和治国理政的重点，通过以上率下推动全面从严治党向纵深发展，为党和国家事业发展提供了坚强政治保证。
“关键少数”是指在党和国家治理体系中发挥关键作用的领导干部群体。习近平总书记在党的十八届四中全会第二次全体会议上，强调推进依法治国“必须抓住领导干部这个‘关键少数’”。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，精准明确领导干部群体在党和国家事业发展全局中的关键地位与特殊作用，深刻阐述抓住“关键少数”的必要性、重要性，为坚持和加强党的全面领导、确保我们党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心提供思想指引和行动指南。
抓住“关键少数”是马克思主义中国化时代化的创新成果
习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，深刻把握并创造性发展马克思主义唯物史观和唯物辩证法，聚焦强调领导干部特别是高级干部这一群体在管党治党和治国理政中的关键作用与示范效应，强调在坚持人民主体地位和群众路线的同时，必须通过严明纪律规矩、压实主体责任、强化监督问责等制度化路径，将全面从严治党、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的着力点置于“关键少数”，使其成为政治生态的引领者、政策执行的推动者和作风建设的风向标。这一重要论述既汲取中华优秀传统文化中“以上率下”“治国先治吏”的治理智慧，又赋予其鲜明的时代特征，有效破解大国治理中责任传导与效能提升的难题，彰显了中国共产党在推进理论创新与实践探索中对“两个结合”方法论的自觉运用。
深化对领导干部和人民群众关系的认识。马克思主义唯物史观强调人民群众是历史的创造者，同时也承认杰出人物对历史发展的推动作用。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，在继承这一理论精髓的基础上，对领导干部群体与人民群众的关系进行深度剖析与创新阐释。领导干部作为“关键少数”，在社会主义现代化建设事业中承担着政策制定、方向引领和组织协调的关键职责。领导干部一举一动皆是导向，在广大人民群众心中的分量很重、影响很大。紧紧抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”，才能起到上行下效、一呼百应的效果，团结和带领广大人民群众，凝聚起以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的磅礴力量。领导干部如何赢得人民群众的拥护和支持呢？习近平总书记强调“各级领导班子和领导干部要树牢正确政绩观”，“一定要牢记创造业绩的目的是为人民谋利益，真正把心思和精力放在为党和人民干事创业上”。领导干部只有时刻把群众放在心里，多从群众角度思考，才能把工作做细做实，从而带动群众，凝聚起干事创业的正能量。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，突出强调领导干部与人民群众在历史进程中的密切联系，进一步深化了领导干部与人民群众关系的认识，推进了马克思主义群众史观的中国化时代化。
明确“关键少数”的主体范围。“关键少数”是基于我国政治体制、治理结构和实践需求形成的具体群体，具有明确的指向性和现实针对性。从概念本身而言，“关键少数”指的是领导干部。在抓住“关键少数”的重要论述中，习近平总书记特别关注的“关键少数”包括以下几个重要的干部群体。一是党和国家的高级干部。习近平总书记强调：“突出抓好领导干部特别是高级干部”“在高级干部中，中央委员会、中央政治局、中央政治局常委会组成人员首当其责”。二是领导干部中的“一把手”。习近平总书记指出：“一把手是关键，要把责任扛在肩上，勇于挑最重的担子，敢于啃最硬的骨头，善于接最烫的山芋”。领导干部中的“一把手”是一个地区、一个部门、一个单位的主要负责人，是负主要责任的关键人物。三是在“一把手”中，强调了县委书记。习近平总书记指出：“一个县就是一个基本完整的社会”“县委书记在干部序列中说起来级别不高，但地位特殊”“县委是我们党执政兴国的‘一线指挥部’，县委书记就是‘一线总指挥’，是我们党在县域治国理政的重要骨干力量”。要求县委书记带头清清白白做人、干干净净做事、堂堂正正做官，真正做到率先垂范、以上率下。
拓展权力运行与监督的思想内涵。严格规范权力行使，最为关键的是要加强对领导干部特别是主要领导干部行使权力的监督。习近平总书记强调：“各级领导干部作为具体行使党的执政权和国家立法权、行政权、司法权的人，在很大程度上决定着全面依法治国的方向、道路、进度。”习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，在继承发展马克思主义权力观的基础上，对领导干部权力运行与监督机制进行理论拓展。这一重要论述表明，领导干部作为掌握公共权力的“关键少数”，既是权力正确行使的关键主体，也是权力监督的重点对象。党的十八大以来，无论是规范各级党政主要领导干部职责权限、科学配置党政部门及内设机构权力和职能，还是推行权力清单制度、依法公开权力流程，都围绕授权、用权、制权等环节，合理确定权力归属、划清权力边界、厘清权力清单，明确什么权能用、什么权不能用，强化权力流程控制，压缩自由裁量空间，杜绝各种暗箱操作，把权力运行置于党组织和人民群众监督之下，最大限度减少权力寻租的空间。通过建立健全针对“关键少数”的权力清单制度、责任追究机制和监督考核体系，构建职权明晰、权责统一、监督有力的理论和行为框架，进一步丰富马克思主义关于权力运行与监督的思想，使其更贴合中国特色社会主义制度下权力运行的实际需求，为规范权力运行、防治腐败提供坚实支撑。
丰富全面从严治党的推进方法。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，将马克思主义唯物辩证法与中国共产党管党治党、治国理政的实践相结合，将领导干部群体视为落实政策、推进改革和推动发展的关键力量，提出通过强化“关键少数”的责任担当、能力建设和行为规范，带动“绝大多数”形成推动社会发展的强大合力。全面从严治党，基础在全面，即中国共产党所有的组织、所有的党员，没有任何特殊和例外。习近平总书记指出：“加强和规范党内政治生活、加强党内监督，是对全党提出的要求，也是全党的共同任务。”这是讲全面。但同时，抓工作不能平均用力，要有重点。习近平总书记在《关于〈关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则〉和〈中国共产党党内监督条例〉的说明》中指出：“准则稿、条例稿都强调以高级干部为重点，主要考虑是加强党的建设必须抓好领导干部特别是高级干部，而抓好中央委员会、中央政治局、中央政治局常委会的组成人员是关键。把这部分人抓好了，能够在全党作出表率，很多事情就好办了。因此，加强和规范党内政治生活、加强党内监督，必须首先从这部分人抓起。”这是讲重点。习近平总书记的相关重要论述，将马克思主义矛盾分析方法运用到全面从严治党领域，进一步丰富了全面从严治党的推进方法。
抓住“关键少数”充分彰显习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的理论特质
在新时代治国理政的伟大实践中，习近平总书记深刻把握党的建设规律和国家治理规律，创造性地作出抓住“关键少数”这一重要论述。它贯穿于党的建设、国家治理、法治建设等多个领域，充分彰显了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想多个维度的理论特质。
时代性。领导干部是党和国家事业发展的“关键少数”，对全党全社会都具有风向标作用。中国特色社会主义进入新时代，对“关键少数”提出了新的更高要求，要求领导干部与时俱进提高科学执政、民主执政、依法执政水平，确保适应新时代要求、具备领导现代化建设能力，在直面问题、破解难题中不断打开工作新局面。党的二十大报告提出“全面建设社会主义现代化国家，必须有一支政治过硬、适应新时代要求、具备领导现代化建设能力的干部队伍”。在党的二十届三中全会第二次全体会议上，习近平总书记提出进一步全面深化改革“对广大党员、干部精神状态、思想观念、素质能力、作风形象提出了新的更高要求”，要求“大力选拔政治过硬、敢于担当、锐意改革、实绩突出、清正廉洁的干部”。这些重要论述充分体现了抓住“关键少数”的时代性。作为“关键少数”，领导干部要主动适应新时代要求，大力解放思想，锐意改革创新，着力排除各种落后思想和狭隘观念影响，立足实际但不拘泥当前，消除畏首畏尾思想，展现“弄潮儿向涛头立”的精气神，确保始终紧跟时代步伐、勇立时代潮头，吸纳新理念、新方法，研究新情况、探寻新思路，以优良作风凝心聚力、干事创业，切实在中国式现代化建设中展现新气象新作为。
人民性。领导干部作为“关键少数”，既来自人民，又承担着为人民服务的神圣使命。习近平总书记强调：“把心系群众、情系百姓体现到履职尽责全过程各方面，着力保障和改善民生，及时回应人民群众合理诉求，切实把好事办好、实事办实、难事办妥。”抓住领导干部这一关键环节，推动领导干部树牢正确权力观、政绩观、事业观，能够确保党的各项政策始终以最广大人民的根本利益为出发点和落脚点。同时，抓住“关键少数”，要求领导干部始终将“人民至上”镌刻于心，做到一切为了人民、紧紧依靠人民、不断造福人民，从而得到人民群众的认可和支持。抓住“关键少数”，推动全体党员始终牢记党的根本宗旨，全心全意为人民服务，充分彰显了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的人民性。
系统性。抓住“关键少数”，能够带动全体党员和广大群众，形成全面从严治党、推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的整体合力。这种系统性思维贯穿于党的建设、国家治理、法治建设等多个领域，形成一个有机统一的整体。比如，为了管好“关键少数”，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把严管干部贯彻落实到干部队伍建设的整个过程，真正形成管理全面、标准严格、环节衔接、措施配套和责任分明的良好管理生态。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，坚持系统观念，既讲是什么又讲为什么，既讲抓什么又讲怎么抓，蕴含着丰富的政治智慧、规律启示和策略方法，体现了全局和局部、当前和长远、宏观和微观、治本和治标的高度统一，体现了习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想在理论和实践上的系统性。
辩证性。习近平总书记关于抓住“关键少数”的重要论述，蕴含着丰富的辩证思维，充分体现马克思主义唯物辩证法重点论与两点论的有机结合。关于全面从严治党，习近平总书记强调要坚持抓“关键少数”和管“绝大多数”相统一，既对广大党员提出普遍性要求，又对“关键少数”特别是高级干部提出更高更严的标准，进行更严的管理和监督。再如，在法治建设方面，习近平总书记一方面强调要抓住领导干部这个“关键少数”，另一方面指出要“引导全体人民做社会主义法治的忠实崇尚者、自觉遵守者、坚定捍卫者”。这种思维方式和实践要求，既抓住主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，又兼顾次要矛盾和矛盾的次要方面，体现全面从严治党、法治建设等各方面工作的科学性和辩证性。
实践性。抓住“关键少数”，是在新时代中国特色社会主义的伟大实践中总结出来的重要经验和工作方法，既来源于实践，又指导实践，具有鲜明的实践性。习近平总书记强调：“必须落实领导干部管党治党责任，坚持抓领导、领导抓，从党中央做起、从高级干部严起，一级示范给一级看、一级带领着一级干，无私无畏、旗帜鲜明，敢于斗争、善于斗争，推动主体责任和监督责任一贯到底，巩固发展全党动手一起抓的良好局面。”“关键少数”作为党和国家事业的中坚力量，其作用发挥如何直接关系党和国家事业的成效。牢牢抓住“关键少数”，压实主体责任，就抓住了工作推进的关键，会起到纲举目张、事半功倍的效果，能够有效推进各项工作的具体落实，从而将制度优势转化为治理效能。
党要管党，首先是管好干部；全面从严治党，关键是从严治吏。领导干部作为身处关键岗位、关键领域、关键环节的“关键少数”，是干部群众的带头人和主心骨。牢牢抓住“关键少数”，就抓住了全面从严治党的关键点，抓住了治国理政的关键点。立足新征程，需从强化政治建设、严格选拔任用、优化考核机制、完善监督体系等方面精准发力，推动“关键少数”充分发挥示范引领作用，为推进中国式现代化提供坚强的政治保证与组织保障。
（作者为广东省习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想研究中心研究员）
（本文由人民论坛杂志社组稿，人民日报社理论部编辑）
Grasping the Theoretical Implications of Focusing on the "Key Few" (In-depth Study and Implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)
Zhang Hao, *People's Daily* (July 16, 2025, Page 9)
Leading cadres, as the "key few" who are crucial to the development of the Party and the country, play a leading and driving role for the entire Party and society. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China stated: "We must persevere in implementing the spirit of the eight-point regulations of the Central Committee, focusing on the 'key few' to set an example, continuously deepening the rectification of 'four undesirable work styles,' focusing on correcting formalism and bureaucracy, and resolutely eliminating privileged thinking and privileged behavior." This is both a summary and refinement of the practical experience in implementing the spirit of the eight-point regulations of the Central Committee, and a practical requirement that the entire Party must adhere to for the long term. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has taken improving work style as a breakthrough point, focusing on the "key few" as a priority in governing the Party and the country, and promoting the comprehensive and strict governance of the Party to a deeper level through leading by example, providing a strong political guarantee for the development of the Party and the country.
The "key few" refers to the group of leading cadres who play a crucial role in the Party and state governance system. At the second plenary session of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that promoting the rule of law "must focus on leading cadres, the 'key few'." General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" accurately and clearly define the crucial position and special role of leading cadres in the overall development of the Party and the country, profoundly explaining the necessity and importance of focusing on the "key few," providing ideological guidance and action guidelines for upholding and strengthening the Party's overall leadership and ensuring that our Party always remains the strong leadership core of the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Focusing on the "Key Few" is an innovative achievement of the Sinicization and modernization of Marxism.
General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" profoundly grasp and creatively develop Marxist historical materialism and dialectical materialism. They emphasize the crucial role and exemplary effect of leading cadres, especially senior cadres, in governing the Party and the country. While upholding the people's principal position and the mass line, it is emphasized that through institutionalized approaches such as strict discipline and rules, reinforcing primary responsibilities, and strengthening supervision and accountability, the focus of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity should be placed on the "key few," making them the leaders of the political ecosystem, the drivers of policy implementation, and the benchmark for style building. This important statement draws on the wisdom of governance from excellent traditional Chinese culture, such as "leading by example" and "governing the country by first governing officials," and imbues it with distinct contemporary characteristics. It effectively solves the problem of responsibility transmission and efficiency improvement in the governance of a large country, demonstrating the conscious application of the "two integrations" methodology by the Communist Party of China in promoting theoretical innovation and practical exploration.
Deepening the understanding of the relationship between leading cadres and the people. Marxist historical materialism emphasizes that the people are the creators of history, while also acknowledging the role of outstanding individuals in promoting historical development. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few," while inheriting this theoretical essence, deeply analyze and innovatively interpret the relationship between the group of leading cadres and the people. As the "key few," leading cadres bear the crucial responsibilities of policy formulation, direction guidance, and organizational coordination in the cause of socialist modernization. Every action of leading cadres sets an example, carrying significant weight and influence in the hearts of the broad masses of the people. Only by firmly grasping this "key few" can we achieve the effect of leading by example and garnering widespread support, uniting and leading the broad masses of the people, and consolidating the powerful force to comprehensively promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization. How can leading cadres win the support and trust of the people? General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes that "leading bodies and cadres at all levels must establish a correct view of performance," and "must always remember that the purpose of creating achievements is to serve the interests of the people, and truly dedicate their thoughts and energy to working for the Party and the people." Only by always keeping the people in mind and thinking from their perspective can leading cadres do their work meticulously and effectively, thereby mobilizing the masses and building positive energy for development and progress. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on grasping the "key few" highlight the close connection between leading cadres and the people in the historical process, further deepening the understanding of the relationship between leading cadres and the people, and promoting the Sinicization and modernization of the Marxist view of the masses in history.
Clarifying the scope of the "key few." The "key few" refers to a specific group formed based on China's political system, governance structure, and practical needs, with clear direction and practical relevance. Conceptually, the "key few" refers to leading cadres. In his important remarks on grasping the "key few," General Secretary Xi Jinping particularly focuses on the following important groups of cadres: First, senior cadres of the Party and the state. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "We must focus on leading cadres, especially senior cadres," and "among senior cadres, members of the Central Committee, the Central Political Bureau, and the Standing Committee of the Central Political Bureau bear the primary responsibility." Second, the "top leaders" among leading cadres. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "The top leader is key; they must shoulder the responsibility, dare to take on the heaviest burdens, dare to tackle the toughest challenges, and be adept at handling the most difficult tasks." The "top leader" among leading cadres is the principal person in charge of a region, a department, or a unit, and is a key figure bearing primary responsibility. Third, among the "top leaders," emphasis is placed on county Party secretaries. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "A county is a basically complete society," and "although the county Party secretary is not high in rank in the cadre hierarchy, their position is special." "The county Party committee is the 'front-line command post' for our Party's governance and national rejuvenation, and the county Party secretary is the 'front-line commander,' an important backbone force for our Party's governance in county-level areas." He demanded that county Party secretaries take the lead in being honest and upright in their conduct, clean and honest in their work, and upright in their official duties, truly setting an example and leading by example.
Expanding the ideological connotations of power operation and supervision. The most crucial aspect of strictly regulating the exercise of power is to strengthen supervision over the exercise of power by leading cadres, especially principal leading cadres. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "Leading cadres at all levels, as those who specifically exercise the Party's governing power and the state's legislative, administrative, and judicial powers, largely determine the direction, path, and progress of comprehensively governing the country according to law." General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" theoretically expand on the power operation and supervision mechanisms of leading cadres, building upon and developing the Marxist view of power. This important statement indicates that leading cadres, as the "key few" who hold public power, are both the key subjects in the correct exercise of power and the key targets of power supervision. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, whether it is standardizing the responsibilities and powers of leading cadres at all levels of the Party and government, scientifically allocating the powers and functions of Party and government departments and their internal institutions, or implementing the power list system and disclosing power processes according to law, all efforts have revolved around the links of authorization, exercise of power, and control of power. This involves rationally determining the ownership of power, clarifying the boundaries of power, and defining the power list, specifying which powers can be used and which cannot, strengthening power process control, reducing discretionary space, eliminating various under-the-table operations, and placing the exercise of power under the supervision of Party organizations and the people, minimizing the space for power rent-seeking. By establishing and improving a power list system, accountability mechanisms, and supervision and assessment systems targeting the "key few," a theoretical and behavioral framework with clear responsibilities, unified rights and responsibilities, and strong supervision is constructed. This further enriches Marxist thought on power operation and supervision, making it more aligned with the actual needs of power operation under the socialist system with Chinese characteristics, and providing solid support for regulating power operation and preventing corruption.
This enriches the methods for advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" combine Marxist dialectical materialism with the practice of the Communist Party of China's governance of the Party and the country. It regards the group of leading cadres as the key force in implementing policies, promoting reforms, and driving development, proposing that by strengthening the responsibility, capacity building, and behavioral norms of the "key few," a powerful synergy can be formed among the "vast majority" to promote social development. Comprehensive and strict Party governance is based on comprehensiveness, meaning that all organizations and all members of the Communist Party of China are included, without any special treatment or exceptions. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Strengthening and standardizing inner-Party political life and strengthening inner-Party supervision are requirements for the entire Party and a common task for the entire Party." This emphasizes comprehensiveness. However, at the same time, work cannot be done with equal effort; there must be a focus. In his explanation of the "Several Guidelines on Intra-Party Political Life Under New Circumstances" and the "Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Intra-Party Supervision," General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out: "Both the draft guidelines and regulations emphasize focusing on senior cadres. The main consideration is that strengthening Party building requires focusing on leading cadres, especially senior cadres, and the key is to focus on the members of the Central Committee, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee, and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau. If we manage these people well, they can set an example for the entire Party, and many things will be easier to handle. Therefore, strengthening and standardizing intra-Party political life and strengthening intra-Party supervision must start with these people." This highlights the key point. General Secretary Xi Jinping's relevant important remarks apply the Marxist method of contradiction analysis to the field of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party, further enriching the methods for advancing comprehensive and strict Party governance.
Grasping the "Key Few" Fully Demonstrates the Theoretical Characteristics of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
In the great practice of governing the country in the new era, General Secretary Xi Jinping profoundly grasped the laws of Party building and national governance, and creatively put forward the important concept of grasping the "key few." This runs through multiple fields such as Party building, national governance, and the rule of law, fully demonstrating the theoretical characteristics of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era from multiple dimensions.
Timeliness. Leading cadres are the "key few" in the development of the Party and the country's cause, and they serve as a barometer for the entire Party and society. As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, new and higher demands are placed on the "key few," requiring leading cadres to keep pace with the times, improve their ability to govern scientifically, democratically, and legally, and ensure that they adapt to the requirements of the new era and possess the ability to lead modernization construction, constantly opening up new work situations by directly confronting problems and solving difficulties. The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that "to comprehensively build a modern socialist country, we must have a contingent of cadres who are politically sound, adapt to the requirements of the new era, and possess the ability to lead modernization construction." At the second plenary session of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed that further comprehensively deepening reforms "put forward new and higher requirements for the mental state, ideological concepts, quality and ability, and style and image of the vast number of Party members and cadres," and demanded "vigorously selecting and promoting cadres who are politically sound, dare to take responsibility, are keen on reform, have outstanding achievements, and are honest and clean." These important statements fully reflect the contemporary relevance of focusing on the "key few." As the "key few," leading cadres must proactively adapt to the demands of the new era, vigorously liberate their thinking, and be determined to reform and innovate. They must strive to eliminate the influence of various backward ideas and narrow-minded concepts, base themselves on reality but not be constrained by the present, eliminate hesitation and timidity, and demonstrate the spirit of "pioneers standing at the forefront of the tide." This will ensure that they always keep pace with the times, bravely stand at the forefront of the era, absorb new ideas and methods, study new situations, and explore new approaches. They must use excellent work styles to unite people and promote development, and truly demonstrate a new atmosphere and new achievements in the construction of Chinese modernization.
The principle of people-centeredness. As the "key few," leading cadres come from the people and bear the sacred mission of serving the people. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized: "We must embody our concern for the people and our love for the people in all aspects of our duties and responsibilities, focusing on guaranteeing and improving people's livelihoods, promptly responding to the reasonable demands of the people, and truly doing good deeds well, practical things effectively, and difficult things properly." Focusing on leading cadres, this crucial link, and promoting them to establish correct views on power, performance, and career, can ensure that all of the Party's policies always take the fundamental interests of the broadest masses of the people as their starting point and ultimate goal. At the same time, focusing on the "key few" requires leading cadres to always engrave "people first" in their hearts, doing everything for the people, relying closely on the people, and continuously benefiting the people, thereby gaining the recognition and support of the people. Focusing on the "key few" and promoting all Party members to always remember the fundamental purpose of the Party and wholeheartedly serve the people fully demonstrates the people-centered nature of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.
The principle of systemicity. Focusing on the "key few" can drive all Party members and the broad masses of people to form a comprehensive synergy for comprehensively and strictly governing the Party and promoting the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity. This systematic thinking runs through multiple fields such as Party building, national governance, and the rule of law, forming an organically unified whole. For example, in order to manage the "key few" effectively, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core has implemented strict management of cadres throughout the entire process of cadre team building, truly forming a good management ecosystem that is comprehensive in management, strict in standards, well-connected in links, well-coordinated in measures, and clear in responsibilities. General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" demonstrate a commitment to a systematic approach, explaining both what it is and why it is important, and outlining both what to focus on and how to do it. These remarks contain rich political wisdom, insights into underlying principles, and strategic methods, reflecting a high degree of unity between the overall and the specific, the present and the long-term, the macro and the micro, and addressing both root causes and symptoms. This embodies the systematic nature of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in both theory and practice.
Dialectical Approach: General Secretary Xi Jinping's important remarks on focusing on the "key few" contain rich dialectical thinking, fully reflecting the organic combination of the principle of focusing on the main contradiction and the principle of considering both sides of the contradiction in Marxist dialectical materialism. Regarding comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes the need to combine focusing on the "key few" with managing the "vast majority," setting general requirements for all Party members while also setting higher and stricter standards for the "key few," especially senior officials, and subjecting them to stricter management and supervision. For example, in the area of rule of law, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes on the one hand the need to focus on leading cadres as the "key few," and on the other hand points out the need to "guide all people to be loyal admirers, conscious observers, and firm defenders of socialist rule of law." This way of thinking and practical requirements both address the main contradiction and its principal aspect, while also considering secondary contradictions and their secondary aspects, reflecting the scientific and dialectical nature of comprehensive and strict governance of the Party, the construction of the rule of law, and other aspects of work.
Practicality: Focusing on the "key few" is an important experience and working method summarized from the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It originates from practice and guides practice, possessing a distinct practical nature. General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasizes: "We must implement the responsibility of leading cadres in governing the Party, adhering to the principle of leaders leading and leaders taking the lead, starting from the Central Committee and strictly enforcing standards for senior cadres, with each level setting an example for the next, and each level leading the next, acting selflessly and fearlessly, with a clear stance, daring to fight and being good at fighting, promoting the consistent implementation of primary responsibility and supervisory responsibility, and consolidating and developing the favorable situation of the entire Party working together." As the backbone of the Party and the country's cause, the effectiveness of the "key few" directly impacts the success of the Party and the country's undertakings. By firmly focusing on the "key few" and strengthening accountability, we can grasp the key to advancing our work, achieving a comprehensive and highly effective outcome. This will effectively promote the concrete implementation of various tasks, thereby transforming institutional advantages into effective governance.
The Party must govern itself, and this begins with managing its cadres effectively; comprehensive and strict Party governance hinges on strict management of officials. Leading cadres, as the "key few" in crucial positions, areas, and stages, are the leaders and backbone of the cadres and the masses. By firmly focusing on these "key few," we can grasp the key to comprehensive and strict Party governance.
Strictly governing the Party is the key to governing the country and administering state affairs. Based on the new journey, it is necessary to make precise efforts in strengthening political construction, strictly selecting and appointing cadres, optimizing the assessment mechanism, and improving the supervision system to promote the "key few" to fully play their exemplary and leading roles, providing strong political and organizational guarantees for advancing Chinese modernization.
(The author is a researcher at the Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era)
(This article was compiled by the People's Forum Magazine and edited by the Theoretical Department of the People's Daily)
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